中国文化翻译练习10篇.docx

1、中国文化翻译练习10篇一、京剧被誉为“歌剧， 是地道的中国国粹。它起源于中国多种古老的地方戏剧，特别是南方的“徽班。到了 19 世纪末，京剧形成并成为中国最大的戏曲剧种。京剧是综合性表演艺术，集唱歌唱、念念白、做表演、 打武、舞舞蹈为一体，通过程式化的表演手段，表达故事，刻画人物。 角色主要分生男性、旦女性、净男性、丑男性女性皆有四大行当。(1) 京剧被誉为“歌剧， 是地道的中国国粹。Praised as “Oriental Opera, Beijing Opera is a genuine national quintessence of China. (2) 它起源于中国多种古老的地方戏剧

2、，特别是南方的“徽班。It originated from many kinds of ancient local operas, especiallyhuiban in southern China.(3) 到了 19 世纪末，京剧形成并成为中国最大的戏曲剧种。At the end of the 19th Century, Beijing Opera evolved and took shape, being the greatest kind of opera in China. (4) 京剧是综合性表演艺术，集唱歌唱、念念白、做表演、 打武、舞舞蹈为一体，通过程式化的表演手段，表达故事，

3、刻画人物。 Beijing Opera is a blend of performing arts-song, speech, performance, acrobatic fighting and dance. Beijing Opera portrays and narrates the plot and characters through stylized acting. (5) 角色主要分生男性、旦女性、净男性、丑男性女性皆有四大行当。The main types of roles in Beijing Opera are sheng(male), dan (young female

4、), jing (painted face, male), and chou(clown, eithermale or female).二、道教是中国土生土长的。创始人是春秋末期的哲学家、思想家老子。道教以老子所著的?道德经?为主要经典。道教主“重人贵生, 崇尚清静无为，修身养性。“道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。无名天地之始；有名万物之母。故常无，欲以观其妙；常有，欲以观其徼(jiao4)便是老子的至理名言。 (1) 道教是中国土生土长的。创始人是春秋末期的哲学家、思想家老子。Taoism first originated in China. The founder of Taoism is

5、 Lao-zi, a philosopher and thinker who lived in the late Spring and Autumn Period. (2) 道教以老子所著的?道德经?为主要经典。Tao Te Ching,written by Lao-zi, is considered to be the main Taoist classic. (3) 道教主“重人贵生, 崇尚清静无为，修身养性。Taoism advocates the value of a human beings life, remends the discarding of all desires an

6、d worries from ones mind, and encourages the cultivation of moral character and the nourishment of human nature. (4) “道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。The following is an example of Lao-zis wise saying: The way that can be told of is not an unvarying way; the names that can be named are not unvarying names. (5) 无名天地

7、之始；有名万物之母。It was from the nameless that Heaven and Earth sprang; the named is but the mother that rears the ten thousand creatures, each after its kind. (6) 故常无，欲以观其妙；常有，欲以观其徼(jiao4)便是老子的至理名言。Truly, only he that rids himself forever of desire can see the secret essences; He that has never rid himsel

8、f of desire can see only the outes. 三、中国成语是汉语中意义完整的表示一般概念的固定词组或短语。“成语中的“成既是约定俗成。成语是比词大而语法功能又相当于词的语言单位。绝大多数的中国成语由四个汉字组成，例如：自强不息、青出于蓝、厚积薄发。成语主要从民间谚语、古代文学作品、诗歌、寓言、典故、名言警句等方面提炼而成。成语是汉语语言中精炼而又富有生命力的一局部。 (1) 中国成语是汉语中意义完整的表示一般概念的固定词组或短语。Chinese idioms refer to prehensive and integrated fixed phrases and ex

9、pressions. (2) “成语中的“成既是约定俗成。Idioms are established and accepted by constant usage and mon practice. (3) 成语是比词大而语法功能又相当于词的语言单位。An idiom is a language unit that is larger than a word, but has the same grammatical function as a word. (4) 绝大多数的中国成语由四个汉字组成，例如：自强不息、青出于蓝、厚积薄发。Most Chinese idioms consist o

10、f four characters, for example, ziqiangbuxi (make unremitting efforts to improve oneself), qingchuyulan(bluer than indigo), and houjibofa (success es with time and effort). (5) 成语主要从民间谚语、古代文学作品、诗歌、寓言、典故、名言警句等方面提炼而成。Idioms are extracted from folk proverbs, ancient works of literature, poems, fables,

11、allusions, and well-known sayings. (6) 成语是汉语语言中精炼而又富有生命力的一局部。Idioms are a part of the Chinese language that are concise and have great vitality. 四、中国是丝绸的故土。栽桑、养蚕、缫(sao1)丝、织绸是中国古代人民的伟大创造。商周时期丝绸的生产技术就已开展到相当高的水平。西汉时骞出使西域，把中原与波斯湾、地中海严密联系起来，开辟了中外交流贸易的新纪元。从此中国的丝绸以其卓越的品质、精巧的花色和丰富的文化涵闻名于世，成为中国文化的象征,文明的使者。(1

12、) 中国是丝绸的故土。China is the home of silk. (2) 栽桑、养蚕、缫(sao1)丝、织绸是中国古代人民的伟大创造。Mulberry planting, sericulture, silk reeling and silk weaving are all great inventions of the ancient Chinese. (3) 商周时期丝绸的生产技术就已开展到相当高的水平。As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Chinese peoples silk-weaving techniques had reac

13、hed an extremely high level. (4) 西汉时骞出使西域，把中原与波斯湾、地中海严密联系起来，开辟了中外交流贸易的新纪元。During the Western Han Dynasty, Zhang Qian, an outstanding diplomat, traveled around central Asia and connected China with the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean, opening up a new era of Sino-foreign trade, exchange and munica

14、tion. (5) 从此中国的丝绸以其卓越的品质、精巧的花色和丰富的文化涵闻名于世，成为中国文化的象征,文明的使者。From then on, Chinas silk became well known for its extraordinary quality, exquisite design and color, and abundant culture connotations.Since then, Chinese silk has been accepted as a symbol of Chinese culture and the emissary of oriental ci

15、vilization. 五、中国园林是把人造的山水、植物、建筑等与自然地貌有机结合的环境艺术，是我国古代建筑艺术的珍宝。其建造原那么是“妙极自然，宛自天开。游赏中国古典园林，能充分领略“假自然之景，创山水真趣的园林意境。在世界三大园林体系中，中国园林历史悠久、涵丰富，被誉为世界造园史上的渊源之一。 (1)中国园林是把人造的山水、植物、建筑等与自然地貌有机结合的环境艺术，是我国古代建筑艺术的珍宝。The Chinese classical garden,as a kind of environment art, which systematically bines artificial moun

16、tains and rivers, plants and buildings withthe natural landscape,is a precious treasure of our ancient Chinese architecture. (2) 其建造原那么是“妙极自然，宛自天开。The construction standard of a Chinese classical garden is “artificial as it is, the garden must look ingenious and natural. (3) 游赏中国古典园林，能充分领略“假自然之景，创山水

17、真趣的园林意境。When you go sightseeing in a Chinese classical garden, you should be able to appreciate its artistic concept which “makes use of the natural landscape to create the real fun of mountains and rivers for viewers. (4) Of the worlds three major garden systems, the Chinese classical garden is hai

18、led as one of the origins of the worlds garden due to its long history and abundant connotations. 六、笔墨纸砚是中国古代文人书房当中必备的宝贝，被称为“文房四宝。 用笔墨书写绘画在中国可追溯到五千年前。时已用不同硬度的毛和竹管制笔； 汉代以人工制墨替代了天然墨。有了纸以后，简牍(du2)锦帛(bo2)逐失其用；砚台那么随笔墨的使用而开展。 “文房四宝到宋朝以后特指湖笔、徽墨、宣纸、端砚。可以说文房四宝书写了整个中华文明。 (1) 笔墨纸砚是中国古代文人书房当中必备的宝贝，被称为“文房四宝。The

19、Four Treasures of the Study - the writing brush, ink stick, ink stone, and paper were requisite treasures in the study of the scholars of ancient China, and they are often referred to as the “Four Treasures of the Study. (2) 用笔墨书写绘画在中国可追溯到五千年前。The writing brush and ink stick have been used by the Ch

20、inese to write and paint 5,000 years before. (3) 时已用不同硬度的毛和竹管制笔； 汉代以人工制墨替代了天然墨。In the Qin Dynasty (221BC-206BC), people already used feathers of different hardness and bamboo trunks to make brushes. During the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD), man-made ink was usedinstead of natural ink. (4) 有了纸以后，简牍(du2)锦

21、帛(bo2)逐失其用；砚台那么随笔墨的使用而开展。After paper was invented by the Chinese, bamboo slips, wooden tablets, brocade and silk, which originally functioned as writing surfaces, gradually faded out. The ink stone was first developed with the use of writing brushes and ink. (5) “文房四宝到宋朝以后特指湖笔、徽墨、宣纸、端砚。After the Son

22、g Dynasty (960AD-1279AD), the “Four Treasure of the Study particularly referred to hubi, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, Zhejiang province; huimo, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, Anhui province; xuan paper, a kind of paper produced in Xuanzhou, Anhui province; and duanyan, the ink stone mad

23、e in Zhaoqing, Guangdong province (Zhaoqing was earlier called Duanzhou). (6) 可以说文房四宝书写了整个中华文明。Indeed, the Four Treasures of the Study have written the whole Chinese civilization, as it is. 七、狮舞Lion Dance是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈之一。狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被视为是能带来好运的桔祥物mascot。古人将狮子视作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保护人类。据记载，狮舞已拥有了2,000

24、多年的历史。在唐代theTang Dynasty，狮舞就已经被引入了皇室。因此，舞狮成为元宵节the Lantern Festival和其它节日的习俗，人们以此来祈祷好运、平安和幸福。(1) 狮舞Lion Dance是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈之一。The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China. (2) 狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被视为是能带来好运的桔祥物mascot。lion is the king of animals. In Chinese tradition, the lion is regard

25、ed as a mascot, which can bring good luck. (3) 古人将狮子视作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保护人类。Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of bravery and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans. (4) 据记载，狮舞已拥有了2,000 多年的历史。The dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 years. (5) 在唐代theTang Dynasty

26、，狮舞就已经被引入了皇室。During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty. (6) 因此，舞狮成为元宵节the Lantern Festival和其它节日的习俗，人们以此来祈祷好运、平安和幸福。Therefore, performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and on other festive occasions has bee a customwhere people could

27、pray for good luck, safety and happiness. 八、中国将进一步开展经济、扩大开放，这对海外企业enterprises意味着更多的商机。 改革开放以来， 中国企业与海外企业一直积极开展经济技术合作，并取得了巨大成就。 海外企业不仅帮助了中国企业的成长，而且也在合作中获得了收益。中国政府将继续提供有利的政策和条件，推动中国企业与国外企业进一步开展合作。(1) 中国将进一步开展经济、扩大开放，这对海外企业enterprises意味着更多的商机。China will further develop its economy and open itself wider

28、 to the outside world, which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises. (2) 改革开放以来， 中国企业与海外企业一直积极开展经济技术合作，并取得了巨大成就。Since Chinas reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have been cooperating with overseas enterprises in terms of economy and technology, and have made great achievem

29、ents. (3) 海外企业不仅帮助了中国企业的成长，而且也在合作中获得了收益。Overseas enterprises have not onlyhelped Chinese enterprises with their growth, but alsobenefited from the cooperation. (4) 中国政府将继续提供有利的政策和条件，推动中国企业与国外企业进一步开展合作。Chinese government will continue to offer favorable policies and conditions to promote the further

30、cooperation between Chinese and overseas enterprises. 九、假日经济的现象说明：中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中国消费者的消费需求正在从根本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人开展的需求。同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃开展的假日经济中正变得成熟。因此, 产品构造应做相应调整，来适应社会的开展。另一方面，效劳质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。(1) 假日经济的现象说明：中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese peoples

31、consumption concept is undertaking great changes. (2) 根据统计数据，中国消费者的消费需求正在从根本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人开展的需求。According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, fort and personal development. (3) 同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃开展的假日经济中正变得成熟。因此, 产品构造应做相应调整，来适应社会的开

32、展。Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt tothe social development. (4) 另一方面，效劳质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy peoples demand for an improved quality of life. 十、端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大臣minister,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤 vilify而最终投河自尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子，希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子glutinous dumplings和赛龙舟，尤其