1986历年考研英语真题完美阅读翻译版.docx

1、1986历年考研英语真题完美阅读翻译版1986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Text 1There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in great

2、area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these people “generalists.” And these “generalists” are particularly neede

3、d for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other peoples work, to begin it and judge it.The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a “trained” man; and

4、his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist - and especially the administrator - deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an “educated” man; and the humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is

5、a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, i

6、nto which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly.Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you - but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time you

7、must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.26. There is an increasing demand for _.A all round people in their own fieldsB people whose job is to organize other peoples workC generali

8、sts whose educational background is either technical or professionalD specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others27. The specialist is _.A a man whose job is to train other peopleB a man who has been trained in more than one fieldsC a man who can see the forest ra

9、ther than the treesD a man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters28. The administrator is _.A a “trained” man who is more a specialist than a generalistB a man who sees the trees as well as the forestC a man who is very strong in the humanitiesD a man who is an “educated” spe

10、cialist29. During your training period, it is important _.A to try to be a generalistB to choose a profitable jobC to find an organization which fits youD to decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist30. A mans first job _.A is never the right job for himB should not be regarded a

11、s his final jobC should not be changed or people will become suspicious of his ability to hold any jobD is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final jobTest 2At the bottom of the world lies a mighty continent still wrapped in the Ice Age and, until recent times, unknown to man. It is a g

12、reat land mass with mountain ranges whose extent and elevation are still uncertain. Much of the continent is a complete blank on our maps. Man has explored, on foot, less than one per cent of its area. Antarctica differs fundamentally from the Arctic regions. The Arctic is an ocean, covered with dri

13、fting packed ice and hemmed in by the land masses of Europe, Asia, and North America. The Antarctic is a continent almost as large as Europe and Australia combined, centered roughly on the South Pole and surrounded by the most unobstructed water areas of the world - the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian

14、 Oceans.The continental ice sheet is more than two miles high in its centre, thus, the air over the Antarctic is far more refrigerated than it is over the Arctic regions. This cold air current from the land is so forceful that it makes the nearby seas the stormiest in the world and renders unlivable

15、 those regions whose counterparts at the opposite end of the globe are inhabited. Thus, more than a million persons live within 2,000 miles of the North Pole in an area that includes most of Alaska, Siberia, and Scandinavia - a region rich in forest and mining industries. Apart from a handful of wea

16、ther stations, within the same distance of the South Pole there is not a single tree, industry, or settlement.31. The best title for this selection would be _.A Iceland B Land of Opportunity C The Unknown Continent D Utopia at Last32. At the time this article was written, our knowledge of Antarctica

17、 was _.A very limited B vast C fairly rich D nonexistent33. Antarctica is bordered by the _.A Pacific OceanB Indian OceanC Atlantic OceanD All three34. The Antarctic is made uninhabitable primarily by _.A cold airB calm seasC iceD lack of knowledge about the continent35. According to this article _.

18、A 2,000 people live on the Antarctic ContinentB a million people live within 2,000 miles of the South PoleC weather conditions within a 2,000 mile radius of the South Pole make settlements impracticalD only a handful of natives inhabit AntarcticaSection VIII: English-Chinese TranslationIt would be i

19、nteresting to discover how many young people go to university without any clear idea of what they are going to do afterwards. (71) If one considers the enormous variety of courses offered, it is not hard to see how difficult it is for a student to select the course most suited to his interests and a

20、bilities. (72) If a student goes to university to acquire a broader perspective of life, to enlarge his ideas and to learn to think for himself, he will undoubtedly benefit. (73) Schools often have too restricting an atmosphere, with its time tables and disciplines, to allow him much time for indepe

21、ndent assessment of the work he is asked to do. (74) Most students would, I believe, profit by a year of such exploration of different academic studies, especially those “all rounders” with no particular interest. They should have longer time to decide in what subject they want to take their degrees

22、, so that in later life, they do not look back and say, “I should like to have been an archaeologist. If I hadnt taken a degree in Modern Languages, I shouldnt have ended up as an interpreter, but its too late now. I couldnt go back and begin all over again.”(75) There is, of course, another side to

23、 the question of how to make the best use of ones time at university. (76) This is the case of the student who excels in a particular branch of learning. (77) He is immediately accepted by the University of his choice, and spends his three or four years becoming a specialist, emerging with a first-c

24、lass Honour Degree and very little knowledge of what the rest of the world is all about. (78) It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice. Only in this way can

25、we be sure that we are not to have, on the one hand, a band of specialists ignorant of anything outside of their own subject, and on the other hand, an ever increasing number of graduates qualified in subjects for which there is little or no demand in the working world. 1987年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Text 1F

26、or centuries men dreamed of achieving vertical flight. In 400 A.D. Chinese children played with a fan-like toy that spun upwards and fell back to earth as rotation ceased. Leonardo da Vinci conceive the first mechanical apparatus, called a “Helix,” which could carry man straight up, but was only a d

27、esign and was never tested.The ancient-dream was finally realized in 1940 when a Russian engineer piloted a strange looking craft of steel tubing with a rotating fan on top. It rose awkwardly and vertically into the air from a standing start, hovered a few feet above the ground, went sideways and ba

28、ckwards, and then settled back to earth. The vehicle was called a helicopter.Imaginations were fired. Men dreamed of going to work in their own personal helicopters. People anticipate that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers as do the airliners of today. Such fantastic expe

29、ctations were not fulfilled.The helicopter has now become an extremely useful machine. It excels in military missions, carrying troops, guns and strategic instruments where other aircraft cannot go. Corporations use them as airborne offices, many metropolitan areas use them in police work, construct

30、ion and logging companies employ them in various advantageous ways, engineers use them for site selection and surveying, and oil companies use them as the best way to make offshore and remote work stations accessible to crews and supplies. Any urgent mission to a hard-to-get-to place is a likely tas

31、k for a helicopter. Among their other multitude of used: deliver people across town, fly to and from airports, assist in rescue work, and aid in the search for missing or wanted persons.11. People expect that _.A the airliners of today would eventually be replaced by helicoptersB helicopters would s

32、omeday be able to transport large number of people from place to place as airliners are now doingC the imaginations fired by the Russian engineers invention would become a reality in the futureD their fantastic expectations about helicopters could be fulfilled by airliners of today12. Helicopters work with the aid of _.A a combination of rotating devices in fron