英语四级阅读练习及答案.docx

1、英语四级阅读练习及答案英语四级阅读练习及答案Passage One:As the horizons of science have expended, two main groups of scientists have emerged. One is the pure scientist, the other, applied scientist. The pure or theoretical scientist does original research in order to understand the basic laws of the nature that govern ou

2、r world. The applied scientist adapts this knowledge to practice problems. Neither is more important than the others, however, for the groups are very much related.Sometimes, however, the applied scientist finds the “problems” for the theoretical scientist to work on. Lets take a particular problem

3、of the aircraft industry: heat-resistant metals. Many of the metals and alloys that perform satisfactorily in car cannot be used in a jet-propelled (喷气推进式) plane, New alloys must be used, because the jet engine operates at a much higher temperature than an automobile engine. The turbine wheel (涡轮) i

4、n a turbojet (涡轮喷气发动机) must withstand temperatures as high as 1,600 degrees Fahrenheit, so air craft designers have to turn to the research metallurgist for the development of metals and alloys that would do the job in jet-propelled planes.Diving scientists into two groups-pure and applied-is only o

5、ne broad way of classifying them, however. When scientific knowledge was very limited, there was no need for men to specialize. Today, with the great body of scientific knowledge, scientists specialize in many different fields. Within each field, there is even further subdivision. And, with finer an

6、d finer subdivisions, the various sciences have become more and more interrelated until no branch is entirely independent of the others. Many new specialties-geophysics and biochemistry, for example-have resulted from combining the knowledge of two or more science.1.The applied scientist A) does ori

7、ginal research to the basic laws of nature B) applied the result of research to practical problemsC) provides the basic knowledge for the pure scientistD) is not interested in practical problems2. The example given in the third paragraph illustrates how A) pure science operates independently of appl

8、ied scienceB) the applied scientist discover the basic laws of natureC) applied science defines all the areas in which basic research is doneD) applied science suggests problems for the basic scientist 3. Finer and finer subdivision in the field of science has resulted in A) the loss of the need for

9、 specialistsB) greater interdependence of each scienceC) greater dependence of each scienceD) the need for only one classification if scientists 4. Geophysics and biochemistry are .A) examples of new specialties resulting from combing sciencesB) totally dependent sciencesC) among the oldest sciences

10、 known to manD) both B)and C)5. “The horizons of science have expanded,”(para 1) means that A) scientists can see further out into spaceB) science has developed more field of human endeavorC) the horizon changes size from year to yearD) scientists have made a machine for enlarging the horizonPassage

11、 Two:Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take the friendship for granted, we often dont clearly understand how we make friends. While we get on well with only a number of people, we are usually friends with only a very few. For example, the average among students is abou

12、t 6 per person. In all the cases of friendly relationship, two people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of intimacy between them and the reasons for their shared interest vary enormously .As we get to know people we take into account things like ages ,race, econo

13、mic condition, social position, and intelligence. Although these factors are not of prime importance, it is more difficult to get on with people when there is a marked difference in age and background. Some friendly relationships can be kept on argument and discussion, but it is usually for close fr

14、iends to have similar ideas and beliefs, to have attitude and interests in commonthey often talk about “being on the same wavelength”. It generally takes time to reach this point. And the more intimately involved people become, the more they rely on one another. People want to do friends favors and

15、hate to break an promise. Equally, friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerant differences of opinion.In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the association between two people. But the supporting and understanding of each other that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a powerful bond, which can overcome differences in background and break down of age, class and race.6.According to the author, . A) all those who get on well with each other are friendsB) friends are closer th