每日一练之动词时态.docx

1、每日一练之动词时态每日一练之动词时态动词（一）一、动词的分类： 动词可以分为四类： 1、实义动词：实义动词是在在句子中表示有关主语的动作或者是状态的主要动词。例如：study学习；walk步行等 1）及物动词：必须跟上宾语的动词。 Mr. Smith gave his wife twenty pounds for her birthday史密斯先生给了他的妻子20英镑过生日。 He asked the teacher a few questions他向老师问了几个问题。 We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。 Children and youn

2、g people like bright colors孩子和年轻人喜欢亮丽的颜色。 实义动词与高考语法填空： 及物动词后面没有跟宾语时，要么后面一定是填代词或者变名词作宾语，要么动词是被动语态。 （2010年高考广东语法填空）He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like _38_?” 【解释】like是及物动词，后面缺少宾语，一般是填代词，这里指的是前面提到的water，所以填代词it。 When I got to the room, they _ (seat) in the chair

3、s. 【解释】这里seat是作谓语动词的，因为seat是及物动词，后面没有跟宾语，那么它就应该是被动语态，故填were seated。如果及物动词后面没有跟宾语，又是一个疑问句，那么前面一般填介词what。 _ can I do to help you with your homework? 【解释】do是及物动词，后面没有跟宾语，动词也没有用被动语态，那么这里就是一个what引导的疑问句，故填What。 2）不及物动词：不能跟宾语的动词 Most shops in Britain open at 9:00 a.m. and close at 5:00 or 5:30 in the eveni

4、ng .英国大部分商店九点开门，晚五点或五点半关门。 Georges father lives there乔治的爸爸住在那里。 The examination ended at 11:30 a.m.考试上午十一点半结束。 3）既可作及物又可作不及物的动词 英语动词很多既是及物动词又是不及物动词，如： close， begin， study， leave， work等。 The post office closes at 9:00 p. m.邮局晚上9点关门。 Close the window, please. 请关窗。 Shall we begin now? 我们现在开始吗？ Bill beg

5、an working as a sailor after he left school. 比尔毕业后当水手。 这种动词如果用主动语态和被动语态均可以的情况下，一般主动语态强调事物的性质，被动语态强调人为的动作。 The door wont close. 这扇门关不了。 The door wont be closed. 这扇门不会被关上。 少部分这类动词主动表示动作，被动表示状态： prepare to do sth 准备做某事 be prepared to do sth 准备好了做某事 hide in 在某地躲藏 be hidden in 在某地藏好了 determine to do sth

6、决定做某事 be determined to do sth 决定了做某事 2、联系动词：作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，亦称补语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。表语一般是名词、形容词、介词短语或者句子。 常见的联系动词分类是： 1）“是”类系动词：be, remain, stay, prove, turn out 2）“起来”类系动词：seem（似乎、看起来）, look, appear, sound, taste, feel, smell。 3）“变化”类动词：turn, become, go, grow。 He will surely beco

7、me an engineer one day. The newly-invented soft drinking tastes quite unique.（这种新研制的软饮料尝起来挺独特的。 You will remain in trouble if you dont take any action. 联系动词与高考语法填空： 联系动词后面一般是变形容词： As a student, he felt _ (pride) to be the chairman of the Students Union. felt是联系动词，后面一般变形容词，表示“自豪的”，故填proud。 联系动词后面也可能变

8、名词，但却表示“某人是（变成）什么”之意。 I am sure you will turn _ (teach) one day. turn是“变成”之意，是系动词，这里是表示“变成老师”，所以变名词，填teacher。 联系动词是没有被动语态的，所以一些联系动词需要认真判断它们的语态，易混淆的联系动词有：“起来”类动词以及prove（后来被证明是）、turn out（后来被发现是）。 The dish we had just now _ (taste) good. Taste这个动词后面是形容词good，说明是系动词，系动词没有没打语态，这里是过去，所以用tasted。 联系动词除了“变化”类

9、动词外，其它没有进行时态。 You _ (look) very cool now. look后面跟有形容词，所以是系动词，这里虽然有now，但系动词没有进行时态，故填look。 3、助动词：协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（Auxiliary Verb）。被协助的动词称作主要动词（Main Verb）。构成时态,语态。 助动词是语法功能词，自身没有词义，不可单独使用，它没有对应的汉译，例如： He doesnt like English. 他不喜欢英语。 （doesnt是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义)最常用的助动词有：be：帮助构成进行时、被动语态或将来时have/has

10、/had：帮助构成完成时态do/does/did：帮助构成单个实义动词的否定式、疑问式或强调式shall, will, should, would：帮助构成一般将来时或过去将来时 I was doing the cooking when the telephone rang.I have never seen you so happy.I dont like eating pork.I will tell you the news as soon as I get it. 4、情态动词：情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关

11、行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。情态动词后面加动词原形。 助动词和情态动词与语法填空： 句子意思完整，但动词时态语态不正确时，一般填助动词或情态动词。 He _ manage to get over the difficulty at that time. 这里at that time是过去时间，应该用一般过去时，但manage却没有用过去时态，故前面填助动词did。练习：一、用下列句子中括号词类的正确形式填空： 1. Tom _ (prepare) for the exam, so he seems quite confident with it. 2. The food

12、served last weekend _ (taste) delicious. 3. The League members seem _ (act) in doing such an activity, for theyfeel very happy.4. Hans _ (go) to your home yesterday.5. Although we doubted about the effect of the experiment, it _ (prove) to be the best we could find.6. Do you want to become _ (assist

13、) in the future?7. If it _ (rain) tomorrow, we would have to cancel the game.8. At this very moment, the air _ (smell) very bad.9. Because we _ (hide) in the forest, we could hardly be found out by others.10. She _ (dress) in red and she seemed quite energetic.二、语法填空：AA 61-year-old woman _1_ (save)

14、on Saturday evening by Russian rescuers after _2_ (bury) for up to 127 hours in rubble in the quake-ravaged southwest Chinas Sichuan Province. Local residents told Russian rescuers that someone who was still _3_ (live) was under two collapsed residential buildings in Dujiangyan, a city southeast of

15、the epicenter of Mondays earthquake. The rescuers explored the buildings with dogs and machines. Then, they cut out a section of the floor, and _4_ successfully pull out the woman. The woman was in good condition and was still _5_ (ability) to think clearly. She _6_ still move her hands and feet and

16、 could still speak. The survivor had lived on the first floor of the six-story building. And she was buried in the debris of the concrete ceiling after the quake. The unidentified woman was the first _7_ (survive) who _8_ (find) by foreign rescue teams. A total of 237 rescuers from Japan, Russia, So

17、uth Korea and Singapore are currently in Sichuan, aiding the disaster relief efforts. The Russian rescuers are still trying to save a second possible survivor _9_ (trap) in the debris of the building. Into the sixth day since the devastating earthquake, which _10_ (prove) Chinas worst in more than 3

18、0 years, rescuers, including more than 130,000 troops, were still struggling to pull possible survivors from debris of collapsed houses, schools and factories. BAccording to the dictionary definition of “create, ordinary people are _1_ (create) creative every day”. To create means “to bring into bei

19、ng, to cause to exist something each of us does daily”.We are creative whenever we look at or think about something in a new way. First, this includes _2_ (aware) of our surroundings. It means using all of our senses to become _3_ (aware) of our world. This may be as _4_ (simply) as being aware of c

20、olor and texture(质地), as well as taste, when we plan a meal. Above all, the ability to notice things is very important, but others might miss _5_.A second part of creativity is an ability to see _6_ (relate) among things. If we have _7_ (believe) in the expression, “There is nothing new under the su

21、n, the creativity is remaking or recombining(重组) the old in new ways.” For example, we _8_ do this by finding a more effective way to study or a better way to arrange our furniture, or we might make new _ (combine) of camera lenses and filters to create an unusual photograph.A third part of creativi

22、ty is the courage and drive to make use of our new ideas, to ask for them to achieve some new results. To think up a new idea is one thing; to put the idea to work is another.These three parts of creativity _10_ (include) in all the great works of geniuses, but they are also included in many of our

23、day-to-day activities.答案：一、用下列句子中括号词类的正确形式填空：1. is prepared2. tasted3. active4. did5. proved6. assistants7. should8. smells9. were hidden10. was dressed二、语法填空：A1. was saved。save是及物动词，后面没有跟宾语，所以要用被动语态，这里是讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时。2. being buried。bury是及物动词，后面没有跟宾语，所以要用被动语态，after是介词，后面用动名词的被动式。3. alive。was是联系动词，后

24、面是变形容词，这里live的形容词有三种：live, alive, living，但live是“现场的”之意，living是“健在的”之意，都不符合题意，故填alive（活着的）。4. did。这里successfully pull out the woman句意完整，但时态不正确，应该是一般过去时，所以填助动词did。5. able。前面是联系动词was，后面一般变形容词。6. could。still move her hands and feet时态不正确，所以要填助动词或情态动词，根据后面是could，那么这里也是手脚“能”动，所以填could。7. survivor。was是联系动词，

25、后面是表示“第一个被发现的幸存者”，所以变名词，故填survivor。8. had been found。动词find是及物动词，后面没有跟宾语，所以用被动语态，这里表示过去之前的动作，用过去完成时的被动。9. trapped。这里是非谓语动词作定语修饰前面的名词survivor，trap是及物动词，没有跟宾语，用被动，已经完成的被动用过去分词。10. proved。这里是“后来被证明是”的意思，不用被动，直接用主动的过去时态。B1. creative。are是系动词，后面一般变形容词。2. awareness。include是及物动词，及物动词后要跟名词。3. aware。become是系动

26、词，后面跟形容词。4. simple。be是系动词，后面跟形容词。5. it。miss是及物动词，后面一般填代词，这里是指代前面的ability，故填it。6. relationships。see是及物动词，后面变名词。7. belief。have是及物动词，后面要求变名词。8. might。do this by finding a more effective way to study句意完整，但根据后面一个并列句or we might make可知这里是表示可能性，故填情态动词might。9. combinations。make是及物动词，后面变名词。10. are included。in

27、clude是及物动词，后面没有跟宾语，所以要变为被动语态。动词（二）二、动词的时态：主动语态一般现在时am/are/is; do/does一般过去时was/were; did一般将来时will do;am/are/is going to do现在进行时am/are/is doing过去进行时was/were doing将来进行时will be doing现在完成时have/has done过去完成时had done将来完成时will have done现在完成进行时have/has been doing（一）一般现在时与一般将来时一般现在时一、用法：1、表示现在经常发生的动作，习惯，比较常用的

28、时间状语：often, always, usually, once a week He always helps (help) me with my homework.比较：He always helped (help) me with my homework last year.2、表示真理性的东西 The earth turns (turn) around the sun. Light runs (run) faster than sound.3、在条件状语从句，时间状语从句中，表示将来的动作。 条件状语从句：if; unless; If you stay (stay) late toni

29、ght, please remember to turn off the lights. 时间状语从句：when; while; as; before; after; since; until/till; as soon as When he gets (get) to the station, he will call me.4、表示按照时间表发生的动作：作息时间表；列车时刻表；飞机航班 The train will leave/ leaves (leave) at 8 tomorrow.5、在make sure、take care、mind、I dont care、It doesnt ma

30、tter后面的that从句一般用一般现在时表示将来动作。 Do make sure he comes on time.二：动词第三人称单数形式的变化规律：1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为s，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 z。 stopstops s ; makemakes s readreads z ; playplays z2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”读iz 如： flyflies z； carrycarries z studystudies z; worryworries3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为iz 如： teachteaches iz; watchwatches iz4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读z 如： gogoes z dodoes z一般将来时1、表示将来会发生的动作或状态，一般有将来的时间状语。 He _will come_ (come) to see me tomorrow.will do sth：表示纯粹的将来（用于任何人称）shall do sth：表示纯粹的将来（用在第一人称）am/are/is going to do sth：表示“有迹象表明将要发生的动作”或“