清华大学中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试英语试题.docx

1、清华大学中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试英语试题清华大学中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试2021年1月英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读选择Four of the Oldest Buildings in the WorldKnap of HowarOne of the oldest buildings in the world is the Knap of Howar, which dates back to 3700-3500 BCE.The farmhouse is one of the oldest, still-standing stone houses in Europe. I

2、t includes two stone homes linked through a hidden passage and joint walls. Archaeologists say Irish or Scottish monks could be the first builders and residents of the Knap of Howar. Although the house is still standing, these abandoned places around the world are better candidates for restoration.g

3、antija TemplesThe Megalithic Temples of Malta, or the gantija Temples, date back to 3600 to 3200 BCE. The two temples on the island of Malta are UNESCO World Heritage sites. Its one of the oldest free-standing monuments in the world. Archaeologists think the temple was used for ritual animal sacrifi

4、ces.Shunet el-ZebibShunet el-Zebib is partially standing, but mostly in ruins. Its still, however, one of the oldest buildings in the world. The Egyptian temple built in 2750 BCE is of mud and brick. It has an underground tomb as well as an above-ground complex. Architecturally, its a nod to the Egy

5、ptian pyramids soon to come.Tomb of CyrusBuilt in 530 BCE, the Tomb of Cyrus is one of Irans World Heritage Sites and one of the oldest buildings on the planet. Its also believed to be one of the first earthquake-protected structures in the world, according to Atlas Obscura. The base isolating used

6、on the tomb protects the main structure from moving apart from the foundation.1What do the four buildings have in common?AAll of them are located in Europe.BAll of them are made of stone and mud.CAll of them are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.DAll of them were built before the birth of Christ.2Which of

7、 the four buildings may be the strongest?AKnap of Howar. Bgantija Temples.CShunet el-Zebib. DTomb of Cyrus.3Which of the following is True according to the passage?AShunet el-Zebib is earthquake protected.BTomb of Cyrus has an underground tomb.Cgantija Temples are built by Irish monks.DKnap of Howar

8、 may be the oldest building among the four. In the summer of 2010, Deborah Barrett and her son, Anthony, walked out of a restaurant near theEdmonton high school from which hed graduated two years earlier. They had volunteered to wash dishes there to give Anthony something to do, but when they went o

9、ut, the sun sliced through the clouds and Deborah had a realization: my kid is not spending his life in a dish pit.Cleaning plates isnt the only option for high-school graduates. But Anthony has autism（自闭症）and is mostly non-verbal, aside from short words in answer to yes-or-no questions and the Eeee

10、e sounds he makes when hes excited, happy or frustrated. Once a person with intellectual disabilities ages out of school, “Theres no life for them,” Deborah says. Programs end, and jobs are usually humble.As her son entered his 20s, Deborah thought about what he could do and what he enjoyed. Among h

11、is likes: being driven around and carrying things, as well as seeing new places but not staying long. Maybe he could be a courier? The catch: Anthony doesnt move fast, and courier jobs would require his support staff to be his driver and co-worker.That wasnt an issue for Mike Hamm. In 2012, he becam

12、e Anthonys new assistant and embraced the plan of spending part of their days delivering packages as a team. The pair called their venture Anthony at Your Service, signed a few customers and set out in Hamms lorry.Seven years later, boxes awaiting distribution are piled on the porch of the home. Ant

13、hony, 30, shares with Deborah and her husband, David, a lawyer. The company now has two-dozen delivery teams each comprising a contractor with an intellectual disability and their support-worker contractor in Edmonton and Calgary.Launching a company that employs 24 contractors with intellectual disa

14、bilities, and all the logistics that come along with that, wasnt the original plan, Deborah says. But the realities of delivery work the peaks and valleys in demand, the long hours meant that Anthony and Hamm couldnt shoulder the load alone.And the feedback she received from Albertas autistic and in

15、tellectually disabled communities suggested they wanted to work for a company that understood them.Running Anthony at Your Service has become Deborahs full-time, and she gave up her psychotherapy practice and the presidency of Autism Society Alberta a couple years ago. “What Im doing for Anthony now

16、 has made more difference in his life than any of that other work,” she says. “We want to create jobs for people with all kinds of abilities and disabilities.”4Whats the future of the persons with intellectual disabilities according to Deborah?AThey will lose their lives.BThey will get well-paid job

17、s.CThey will clean plates in restaurants.DThey will find it hard to find a decent job.5What does the underlined word “courier” mean in the 3 rd paragraph?AAccountant. BBarber.CDeliveryman. DEngineer.6What can be inferred from the passage?ADavid launched the company for his son.BAnthonys contractors

18、are mainly disabled.CDeborah gave up her original job unwillingly.DMike Hamm is an intellectually disabled person.7Which of the following words can best describe Deborah Barrett?AAccessible. BCaring.CHumorous. DModest. Jellyfish are unusual creatures. Theyre neither fish nor jelly. Some are among th

19、e most colourful creatures in the world, but its best to look but not touch these invertebrates（无脊椎动物）. Not only are they very fragile creatures, but many give a painful sting, and some are even deadly. Whether you admire them in an aquarium or try to avoid them in the wild, you wont be able to get

20、these fascinating jellyfish facts out of your head.Heres a jellyfish fact that might come in handy: There are several names for a group of jellyfish. They include smack, bloom, and swarm. Choose the word you prefer depending on whether you think the jellyfish pack looks like a garden of blooming flo

21、wers or more like a frightening pack of stingers, and whether youre admiring them at an aquarium or if you and your fellow snorkelers are surrounded.Jellyfish have two main forms in their life cycle that look quite different from each other. Scientific American explains that an adult jellyfish, call

22、ed a medusa, has a bell-shaped body with tentacles（触须）flowing down below it. Young jellyfish, called polyps, look more like sea anemones, with shorter tentacles that flow up above the main body. Medusas reproduce by releasing eggs.Melanie Roberts, Senior Aquarist at SeaWorld Orlando, says that the l

23、argest jellyfish in the world is a lions mane jellyfish. The body of this beautiful orange jelly can grow up to three feet in diameter. With its 12,000 tentacles that can grow 120 feet long, Oceana.org adds that the lions mane jelly compares in size to the planets largest animal: the blue whale.Rega

24、rdless of their size, jellyfish are mostly made of water. In fact, theyre about 95 per cent water.These creatures dont have brains, blood, or bones. And most jellyfish dont have eyes. Jellyfish also use their mouths both for eating and for waste removal.8Why cant we touch jellyfish?ABecause they may

25、 be stung.BBecause they may die easily.CBecause they may feel painful.DBecause they may hurt people.9What are jellyfish named after?AIts size. BIts color.CIts appearance. DIts lifestyle.10What can we learn from the passage?AMouth is an important organ for jellyfish.BPolyps can clone themselves by la

26、ying eggs.CThe largest jellyfish in the world is 120 feet long.DMedusas have tentacles flowing up above the body.11What can be the best title of the passage?ASeveral facts about jellyfish.BThe two main forms of jellyfish.CJellyfish are neither fish nor jelly.DJellyfish have many different names. Any

27、 time we burn fossil fuels, were pumping fine particulate matter（细颗粒物）from oil, gas andother toxins（毒素）into the air. “Some of these carbon particles can persist in the lungs for decades,” says Dr. Don Sin, a respirologist and director of the Centre for Heart Lung Innovation in Vancouver.Over 7,000 C

28、anadians died from complications due to poor air quality in 2015. A study in the European Heart Journal earlier this year found that air pollution now kills 8.8 million people worldwide per year more than tobacco smoking.Sin adds that womens lungs seem particularly easy to get cancer from pollution.

29、 Currently, 10,000Canadian women die of lung cancer every year, and 15 per cent of new cases are people who have never smoked. “In Canada, lung-cancer deaths in female non-smokers will very soon probably outnumber the deaths from breast cancer, because lung cancer is so deadly,” he says.Contributing

30、 to air pollution are the 8,000 wildfires we experience every year in Canada, like those that destroyed large areas of Alberta this past spring. These are increasing in frequency and intensity with our hotter, drier spells. A study in the Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine found that prescriptio

31、ns for an asthma and COPD drug rose by 22 per cent in the Yellowknife region in the summer of 2014, when it was surrounded by wildfire smoke. The number of ER visits for breathing problems was 42 per cent higher; for children, it more than doubled.Another threat to breathing is mould, which is a con

32、cern in areas with repeated flooding, such as around New Brunswicks Saint John River, where floodwaters have been in homes for two years in a row and displaced more than 200 families. Moulds produce toxins and spores that can trigger allergic reactions or infections if taken in. Rising sea levels and increased urban development, combined with intense rainfalls, mean we will see a lot more of it.