高考英语语法难点定语从句考点归纳分析+真题解析.docx

1、高考英语语法难点定语从句考点归纳分析+真题解析高考英语语法难点：定语从句+真题解析考点一 考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句1. A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails. (天津卷)A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever【解析】C。在所给的四个关系代词中，只有whose能用于名词用作定语，故选C。又如：A bookseller is a person whose job is selling books. 书商就是其职业是卖书的人。2. Many

2、children, _ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. (安徽卷)A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom【解析】B。their是物主代词，不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句，所以不能选;在其余三个选 项中，只有whose能用于名词用作定语，故选B。句意为：许多孩子的父母外出到大城市打工去了，他们在 家乡被照顾得很好。3. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city _ name wil

3、l create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. (湖南卷)A. which B. of which C. that D. whose【解析】D。在所给定的四个关系代词中，只有which和whose能用于名词用作定语，故可排除B和 C。而关系代词which和whose用于名词前作定语的区别是：which具有that或this的语义特征，而whose则 具有ones的语义特征。考点二 考查关系代词which引导的定语从句1. Theyve won their last three matches, _ I fin

4、d a bit surprising. (辽 宁卷)A. that B. when C. what D. which【解析】D。that不用于引导非限制性定语从句，故被排除;when可引导非限制性定语从句，但只 用于指时间，与句意不符，故也被排除;而what不是关系代词，不能用于引导定语从句，故也被排 除;which在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中充当动词find的宾语。句意为：他们赢了最后三场 比赛，我发现这有点令人吃惊。2. My friend showed me round the town, _ was very kind of him. (全国)A. which B. tha

5、t C. where D. it【解析】A。由于两个句子之间没有并列连词，所以不能选B或D;而where是关系副词，不能用作 主语;which在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中用作主语。又如：Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。3. Whenever I met her, _ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (山东卷)A. who B. which C. when D. that【解析】B。that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句，故可排除;wh

6、en是关系副词，不用作主语，故 也可排除;who用于指人，但这里的定语从句不是修饰her，而是修饰whenever I met her，故不能用who， 此处应用which。又如：He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true. 他说他从 没见到过她，这是不真实的。考点三 查关系副词where引导的定语从句1. Mozarts birthplace and the house _ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now. (上海卷)A. where B. w

7、hen C. there D. which【解析】A。由于定语从句he composed “The Magic Flute”的主语和宾语是完整的 ，所以不能选D;when指时间，不用于修饰表地点的先行词the house，故也不能选;而there不是关系词， 不能引导定语从句。2. Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently. (福建卷)A. that B. when C. which D. where【解析】D。由于定语从句they can see themselves di

8、fferently的主语和宾语是完整的，所以 不能选A和C; when指时间，不用于修饰表地点的先行词a situation，故也不能选。3. Life is like a long race _ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. (重庆卷)A. why B. what C. that D. where【解析】D。由于定语从句we compete with others to go beyond ourselves的句子结构是完整 的，不缺主语或宾语，所以不能选C; why引导定语从句，其先行词只能是the reason，而不用于其他

9、场合 ，故不能选;what不是关系词，不能用于引导定语从句，故也可排除;where在此引导定语从句，修饰名词 race，相当于in which。句意为：人生就像一场长途赛跑，在赛跑中我们为了超越自我而与别人竞争。4. I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. (浙江卷)A. which B. where C. how D. why【解析】B。定语从句修饰的先行词是a point，不是my life。point在此相当于一个抽象的地点 ，所以要用关系副词where来引导定语从句。又

10、如：We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一改的地步。She had got to the point where she felt that she could not take any more. 她到了她觉得自己再也不能忍受的地步。5. What do you think of teaching, Bob?I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting. (北京卷)A. whe

11、re B. which C. when D. that【解析】A。由于定语从句you are doing something serious but interesting是一个结构完整 的句子，不缺主语或宾语，所以不能选关系代词which或that，故可排除B和D;而关系副词when只用于修饰 表示时间的名词，故也可排除;where在此相当于in which，引导定语从句，并在定语从句中用作地点状语 。又如：I dont want a job where Im chained to a desk for eight hours a day. 我 不想要一份一天8小时都得守在办公桌前的工作。考

12、点四 查关系副词when引导的定语从句1. Shell never forget her stay there, _ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. (四川卷)A. that B. which C. where D. when【解析】D。that不用于引导非限制性定语从句，故被排除;which引导定语从句必须在定语从句 中充当主语或宾语，与本题的句子结构不符，故也被排除;where引导定语从句时，其前先行词只能是表示 地点的名词，而本题的先行词her stay there(她待在那儿期间)不是表地点，而是表时间，

13、故C也可排除; 关系副词when在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词her stay。句意为：她永远不会忘记她待在那儿的 那段时间，在此其间她找到了她两年前失踪的孩子。2. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. (江苏卷)A. if B. when C. which D. since【解析】B。when在此用于引导定语从句，修饰名词days。此题的难点是先行词days与关系副词 when之间被are gone，容易误解句子结构。

14、句意为：由于金融危机，当地五星级宾馆每晚收费6,000元的 日子已经过去了。考点五 考查“介词+关系代词”结构1. Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time. (陕西 卷)A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which【解析】C。当一个定语从句由“介词+which”引导时，其中介词的确定方法就是要 找到与之构成搭配的动词、名词、形容词等。在本题中，根据句意，句子所涉及的搭配是argue about a subject(争论某个话题)，所以答案只能

15、选C。又如：I called him by the wrong name for which mistake I apologize. 我叫错了他的名字，为了这个错误我愿道歉。2. She brought with her three friends, none of _ I had ever met before. (全国 I)A. them B. who C. whom D. these【解析】C。由于两个句子之间没有并列连词，所以不能选A或D;又因为是用于介词of之后作宾语 ，所以要用宾格whom，不用who。句意为：她带来了三个朋友，我以前一个也没有见过。考点六 定语从句考查新角度Th

16、e house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. (江西卷)A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which【解析】B。这道题的本质是考查定语从句的用法，但其命题的角度比较特别，它既不考查先行词，也不考查关系代词或关系副词，而是结合介词的搭配考查关系代词的省略。句中定语从句I grew up 用于修饰名词the house，由于其前没有“引导词”，所以可认为被省略了。而根据英语语法 ，可以省略的定语从句“引导词”只可能是用作宾语的关系代词that或which，这样一来

17、，就 必须要求空格处填一个能带宾语的词，显然只有介词in。定语从句语法填空专项50题1. A bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.2. The old town has narrow streets and small houses _ are built close to each other.3. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, _ we enjo

18、yed a splendid view of the lake.4. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _, of course, made all the others upset.5. The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.6. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate

19、freely with each other.7. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks.8. The school shop, _ customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays. 9. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream.10. Youll

20、find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family.11. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it somewhat differently.12. Julia was good at German, French and Russian, all of _ she spoke fluently.13. She showed the visitors around the mus

21、eum, the construction _ had taken more than three years.14. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of _ left their village homes for a better life in the city.15. After graduating from college,I took some time off to go travelling,_turned out to be a wise decision16. The newly built caf

22、, the walls of _are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.17. Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen.18. The old temple _ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. 19. Theyve won their last three matches, _ I find a bit surprising.2

23、0. Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year.21. Children who are not active or _ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.22. In china, the number of cities is increasing _ development is recognized across the world23. Wind

24、 power is an ancient source of energy _ we may return in the near future.24. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually.25. The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour.26. We

25、 were grateful to Mr. Marks, in _ car we had travelled home on the rainy night. 27. According to the author, those _ enjoy reading will never feel lonely.28. We really appreciate our learning environment, _ we can have open and friendly communication. 29. I got the kids to clean the house this morni

26、ng, _ made a great break for me. 30. Mobike is a popular service _ brings convenience to our life.31. He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.32. The number of various educational programs, _ important roles have been realized by more and more people, has a rapid growth th

27、ese years.33. People living in homes _ TV is always left on often spend less time reading.34. We are living in an age _ QR codes（二维码）are becoming more and more popular in our daily life.35. I gave some money to John, _ house was destroyed in the flood.36. The total number of shared bikes, _ are easy

28、 to rent through smartphone apps, is increasing rapidly. 37. The store _ I bought my textbooks is having a sale this week. 38. The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. 39. We have a learning center _ kids do independent and self-directed learning activities. 40. The

29、 road conditions there turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect.41. As a child, Jack studied in a village school, _ is named after his grandfather.42. I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.43. Theprizewillgotothewriter _ storyshowsthemostimagination.

30、 44. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.45. When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _ I would be staying.46. Finding a time _ suits everyone is going to be difficult. 47. At the foot of the mountain is a well-preserved village _ you can experience the traditional lifestyle.48. Scott was amazed by the Great Wall, _ he described as the greatest attraction in Beijing.49. They will run an after-class club _ kids can have fun and learn how to protect themselves.50. Some irresponsible websites allowed restaurants to p