版高考英语北师大版新探究大一轮复习练习Unit 12 知能演练 轻松闯关 含答案解析.docx

1、版高考英语北师大版新探究大一轮复习练习Unit 12 知能演练 轻松闯关 含答案解析课时练1阅读理解提速练学生用书P288(单独成册)阅读理解A(2019 广州普通高中毕业班综合测试一)Its no secret that your personal characteristics directly affect how you interact with the worldbut you might be surprised at just how deep it goes. Experts think that your personality can even affect how yo

2、u exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you.Highly Sensitive“Highly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sports where they feel their every move is being observed. Additionally, they may feel more upset about an ineffective or a poor workout，”

3、says researcher Elaine Aron.For such people, individual or noncompetitive activities like biking, running and hiking are ideal.Type A PersonalityType A individuals often have an “all or nothing approach” to exercise. This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan, not to mention b

4、eing super competitive. However，this can cause them to stick too closely to a fitness routine, which means they might try to push past an injury.To get better exercise results, Type A people need to be aware that following an exercise plan too strictly may limit their progress. They should be more f

5、lexible and listen to their body, especially when they are in pain.Type B PersonalityThis laidback group may get too lazy about their exercise plan, which prevents them from seeing results. They are often less willing to devote enough time and energy to their fitness goals especially if exercise is

6、something that makes them anxious.Type B individuals succeed in creative and cooperative environments, so team sports and group gym classes may be perfect.Remember, there are plenty of ways you can adapt a fitness plan to suit your needs, regardless of your characteristics. Just keep in mind what yo

7、u like.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了人的性格影响体育锻炼项目的选择。1Why might highly sensitive people be unwilling to take part in group sports?AThey will feel like they are being evaluated.BThey dont like socializing with other people.CThey dont consider themselves to be athletic.DThey fear theyll be let down by their tea

8、mmates.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，高度敏感的人可能不喜欢参加团体运动课程或团队体育运动的原因是他们觉得他们的每一个动作都会被观察到。据此可知，A项正确。2Type A people can be best described as _Acommitted BflexibleCindependent DsensitiveA解析：推理判断题。由题干关键词 “Type A people” 定位至“Type A Personality” 部分；根据该部分中的“This personality type is known for sticking closely to their

9、plan，not to mention being super competitive.”可知，这种性格的人会坚守他们的计划；A项意为“坚定的”，故A项正确。3What is the purpose of the text?ATo help people understand what personality type they are.BTo explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habits.CTo identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exercise.DTo d

10、escribe different types of workouts that are available today.B解析：写作意图题。通读全文尤其是文章第一段的第二句可知，本文主要论述了人的性格影响体育锻炼项目的选择，并介绍了不同性格的人的体育锻炼习惯。据此可知，本文旨在解释性格是如何影响人的体育锻炼习惯的，故B项正确。B(2019福建质检)On a college camping trip, curiosity about waves and sand caused Rob Thieler to study shorelines around the world. Thirty ye

11、ars later and now a US. Geological Survey research geologist, Thieler, is combining science and smartphone technology to help study an endangered bird, the Atlantic coast piping plover(笛鸻)The piping plover is a shorebird that breeds(繁殖) along the Atlantic coast, the Great Lakes and the Great Plains.

12、 Rising sea level associated with climate change, as well as increased development in their beach habitats(栖息地), threatens the species(物种)To help track changes in piping plover habitats, Thieler developed a free app called iPlover in 2012.This is a marked change from the typical way scientists colle

13、ct data, which involves gathering information by using specialized equipment or writing in notebooks and then putting it into spreadsheets.Since releasing iPlover, scientists have gathered data across 1，500 km of breeding range. That equals about a third of the distance across the US., which is a la

14、rge area to cover for only two thousand breeding pairs of piping plovers on the east coast. Instead of having to travel and spend days at each site, a number of cooperators in the field use the app to collect and send data, allowing scientists to gather data more efficiently. It also allows them to

15、collect data at the same time during each breeding season, providing a better picture of changes that happen over longer periods of time. And fast, centralized access means scientists can look at data quickly to get a realtime idea of where and how piping plovers are using their habitats.While iPlov

16、er is used by trained field staff, other apps like the US. Geological Surveys webbased “iCoastDid the Coast Change？” invite citizen scientists to identify coastal changes by comparing birds eyeview photographs taken before and after storms. All the information scientists and citizen scientists alike

17、 collect helps federal and state agencies create policy plans for addressing climate change impacts(影响) worldwide.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国的地质学家将科学和智能手机技术结合起来，研制出了一款app监测笛鸻栖息地的变化，从而帮助保护这种濒危动物。4What can we know about the piping plover?AIts behaviour is changing.BIts habitat is growing bigger.CIts living

18、 environment is becoming worse.DIts breeding is limited to the Atlantic coast.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Rising sea level associated with climate change，as well as increased development in their beach habitats(栖息地)，threatens the species(物种)”可知，与气候变化有关的海平面的上升和对它们的海滩栖息地越来越多的开发威胁到了这个物种，故推断出笛鸻的生存环境日益糟糕，本题选C。5Wh

19、y did Thieler develop iPlover?ATo study shorelines across America.BTo advance information technology.CTo find out global climate change.DTo monitor changes of piping plover habitats.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“To help track changes in piping plover habitats，Thieler developed a free app called iPlover in 2012

20、.”可知，Thieler研制iPlover的目的是监测笛鸻栖息地的变化，本题选D。6Which of the following benefits the piping plover?AThe camping equipment.BResearch on smartphones.CThe changeable coast.DProgress in technology.D解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容可知，免费的应用程序发行之后，科学家们的监测范围更广，并能更有效地收集数据，这些对于采取措施保护笛鸻很有好处，故技术的进步给笛鸻带来很多好处，本题选D。7What would be the

21、best title of the text?AProtecting Endangered ShorebirdsBRob Thieler，a Creative ScientistCiPlover，a Tool for Training Field StaffDDifferences Between iPlover and iCoastA解析：标题归纳题。根据文章大意可知，美国的地质学家将科学和智能手机技术结合起来，研制出一款app来监测笛鸻栖息地的变化，从而帮助保护这种濒危动物；再根据文章第二段第一句“The piping plover is a shorebird”可知，本题选A。C(201

22、9湖南部分重点中学考前演练)Im sometimes told, “You have to make your own luck. If you dont try something, how can you succeed？” This is very true for competitions.There are people who regularly take part in all sorts of competitions with great enthusiasm. These people are nicknamed compers. The motivation for be

23、ing a comper is obvious：its about being a winner and being rewarded with a prize. These prizes can be small or large：from a box of chocolates to a new car, a trip of a lifetime around the world, or even a new house. Isnt that worth competing for？Of course competitions that offer money prizes attract

24、 entry from millions of people, making the odds of winning very unlikely. But one man who has been lucky is a retired lecturer from the UK. called Martin Dove. He is a serial comper and has managed to bag prizes such as a yacht and a racehorse.Martin says：“Ive been a comper for 40 years. Its like ad

25、mitting some addiction, isnt it？” He gets respect from other compers and also admits，“Some people have called me the Master of Comping, the King of Comping, the Guru of Comping. But its just a word, just a phrase. Its just because I frequently appeared in the media.”For many, winning remains a dream

26、, but they continue to try their luck as theres always a small chance that they might succeed. But what if you do win? Then you have to ask：how am I going to spend all that money? Some people say that “money cant buy you happiness”. What do you think?【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了一种社会现象：有些人总是热衷于参加各种形式的比赛活动，目的就是

27、获奖。你是否有过类似的经历呢？8What does the author mean by “This is very true for competitions.”？ACompetitions bring people luck.BOne must be in a competition to win it.CTrying gets people to succeed.DPeople naturally compete with each other.B解析：推理判断题。This指的应是前面的“If you dont try something, how can you succeed？”，再

28、结合第二段提到的人们参加比赛赢奖可知，此处指的是对于比赛来说，一个人必须先参与进去然后才有可能赢得比赛，故选B。9Who are compers?AThose always standing out in competitions.BThose addicted to entering competitions.CThose often entering competitions for prizes.DThose competing for others recognition.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“There are people who regularly take par

29、t in all sorts of competitions.its about being a winner and being rewarded with a prize.”可知，compers指的是那些频繁地参加比赛以获取奖品的人。故选C。10What does the underlined word “odds” probably mean?APossibility. BInvestment.CImportance. DAdvantage.A解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Of course competitions that offer money prizes attract

30、entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely.”并结合常识可知，比赛的奖金是有限的，而参赛的人越多，获奖的概率就越小。由此可知，odds的意思是“概率，可能性”。故选A。11What do Martins words suggest?AAny job can offer opportunities.BHe has attracted considerable attention.CPersistence is the key to his success.DHe has set a good exa

31、mple to others.B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的最后两句及第四段的内容可知，Martin经常参加比赛，而且得到了一些大奖并赢得了其他参赛者的尊重，甚至一些人称其为“参赛大师”、“参赛大王”、“参赛专家”。由此可知，Martin得到了广泛的关注。故选B。D(2019湖北部分重点中学新高三起点考试)“Its a big hammer to crack a nut.”This is how one angry parent described the recent crackdown(严厉的打击) by London police on parents who drop their k

32、ids off at school by car. Yes，you read that correctlythe very mode of transportation that many American schools insist is the only safe way to deliver kids to school is now considered illegal in the UK.The decision to fine any vehicles seen dropping off or picking up kids within a particular zone of east London comes from city councilors(议员) longterm efforts to