人教新目标八年级英语下册教案Unit2.docx

1、人教新目标八年级英语下册教案Unit2Unit 2Ill help to clean up the city parks.Period 1(Section A 1a2d)教学目标要求学生学会动词不定式的各种用法重点词汇clean up, cheer (up), give out, come up with, volunteer, put off, sign, notice, hand out, call up, used to, lonely, care for重点句型The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer the

2、m up.The boy could give out food at the food bank.We cant put off making a plan.They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.A lot of old people are lonely.难点动词不定式的各种用法1cheer up【点拨】cheer up意为“变得更高兴；振奋起来”，是“动词副词”结构的短语动词，后面跟名词作宾语时，名词放在up前后均可；跟代词作宾语时，代词应当放在up之前。如：The boy cheered up at

3、once when his parents agreed to buy a computer for him.他父母同意给他买电脑时，他马上高兴了起来。He gave her a lot of gifts to cheer her up.为了让她高兴，他给了她很多礼物。【延伸】(1)cheer作不及物动词时，意为“欢呼；喝彩”。如：The girls cheered as the famous singer arrived.当这位著名歌手到达时，女孩子们大声欢呼。(2)cheer作及物动词时，意为“为而欢呼；高呼”。 如：The whole village turned out to chee

4、r the hero.全村人都出来为那位英雄欢呼。(3)cheer作可数名词时，意为“欢呼声；喝彩声”。如：We can hear the cheers of the students outside the gym.我们在体育馆外就能听到学生的欢呼声。(4)cheer on 意为“为加油”。如：We will have a basketball game this afternoon. Would you like to come and cheer us on?我们今天下午有一场篮球比赛。你愿意来为我们加油吗？2give out 【点拨】give out意为“分发；散发”，相当于hand

5、out，是“动词副词”结构的短语动词。如：Can you give/hand the drinks out, please?请你分发一下饮料好吗？【延伸】(1)give out还表示“发出(光、热、声音、气味等)”。如：The sun gives out light and heat to the earth.太阳向地球发出光和热。(2)give out也可表示“用完；耗尽”。如：Our food supplies began to give out.我们存的粮食要吃完了。3put off【点拨】put off意为“推迟”，是“动词副词”结构的短语动词，后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。如果跟代

6、词作宾语，代词须放在put和off中间。如：They put off the sports meeting because of the heavy rain.因为大雨他们推迟了运动会。Dont put off todays work for tomorrow.不要把今天的工作推到明天。【延伸】由put构成的常用短语：(1)put away将收起来。如：Put away the books after you read them.你看好书后把它们收起来放好。(2)put on 穿上；上演。如：put on a play 上演一部戏剧(3)put down 放下；记下。如：Hes putting

7、 a few thoughts down on paper.他正在把一些想法写在纸上。(4)put out 熄灭。如：put out a fire 灭火(5)put back放回原处。(6)put up张贴；搭建。如：put up the tent 搭帐篷4lonely【点拨】lonely是形容词，充当表语，意为“孤独的”，用于人时，指一种心理状态，突出内心感到孤独、寂寞。侧重于缺少同伴友谊或同情而感到孤独、寂寞，含忧郁之意。如：I felt very lonely without my parents at home.父母亲不在家里我感到非常孤独。【延伸】lonely 也可以作定语，修饰地点

8、名词，意为“荒凉的”，侧重于人迹罕至或远离人烟，很荒凉。如：He lives in a lonely village.他住在一个偏僻的村子里。【辨析】alone既可作形容词，也可作副词，意为“独自的(地)；单独的(地)”，侧重于某个人单独做某事，与心理和感情无关。alone作形容词时，只作表语。如：He wants to travel alone.他想独自旅行。She was alone in the dark room.她独自一人待在那黑暗的房间里。5care for【点拨】care for意为“非常喜欢；照顾”。如：She doesnt care for that color.她不喜欢那颜

9、色。The mother cared for the sick child day and night. 母亲日夜照料着生病的孩子。【辨析】care about(1)表示“在乎；介意”。如：The only thing he cares about is money.他只在乎钱。(2)表示“对感兴趣”。如：I dont care about your opinion.你的意见我不感兴趣。(3)表示“关心”。如：Each of us had to care about the other.我们人人都必须互相关心。(4)表示“为担心或担忧”。如：Dont you care about your s

10、ons future?难道你不为你儿子的前途担忧吗？1The girl could volunteer in an afterschool study program to teach kids.这个女孩可以志愿参加课外学习项目来教孩子们。【点拨】volunteer作动词时，意为“志愿做；义务做”，后可跟名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。volunteer to do sth.意为“志愿做某事”。如：Jenny volunteered to clean up the room after party.派对结束后，珍妮自愿清理房间。【延伸】volunteer作名词时，意为“志愿者；义务工作者；义工”

11、。如：She helps in a local school as a volunteer three days a week.她一星期三天在当地一所学校做义工。2We need to come up with some ideas.我们需要提出一些建议。【点拨】(1)come up with是个短语动词，由“动词副词介词”构成，相当于及物动词，意为“提出；提供”。如：I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.我希望你们能提出比这个更好的计划。(2)come up with也可意为“赶上”。如：We have to work har

12、d to come up with them.我们必须努力工作，赶上他们。3They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是什么样子的。【点拨】used to意为“过去；曾经”，后跟动词原形，表示“过去常常做某事”，只表示过去和现在的对比，暗指现在已经不存在的动作和状态。如：I used to live in Beijing，but I live in Hangzhou now.我以前住在北京，但现在住在杭州。She used to live with her grandparents

13、, but now she doesnt.她过去常常和她的祖父母住在一起，但现在不是了。He didnt use to walk after dinner.他过去晚饭后不散步。【延伸】(1)be used to do sth. 意为“被用于做某事”，不定式表示目的。(2)be used for sth./doing sth. 意为“被用于”。(3)be used to doing sth. 意为“习惯于做某事”，其中to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词。如：The book is used to teach us how to write.这本书教我们如何写作。Stamps are used f

14、or sending letters.邮票用来寄信。He is used to eating out all the time.他一直习惯于在外面吃饭。Period 2(Section A 3a3c)教学目标要求学生学会动词不定式的各种用法重点词汇several, strong, feeling, satisfaction, joy, owner, try out, journey, raise, midnight重点句型I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the l

15、ook of joy on their owners faces.Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.难点动词不定式的各种用法1several【点拨】several作形容词时，意为“几个；数个”，修饰可数名词复数。如：I have got several books about sports.我有几本关于体育运动方面的书。Several days later, she came to the library to bor

16、row some books.几天以后，她来到图书馆借了几本书。【延伸】several 作代词时，意为“几个；数个”。如：Several of us went there.我们中的几个去了那里。2feeling【点拨】feeling为可数名词，意为“感觉；感触”。如：He doesnt care about the feelings of others. 他不顾别人的感受。It is a great feeling when a wild animal shows you affection.野生动物向你示好时，这种感觉真棒。【延伸】feel作连系动词，意为“觉得；感受到”。如：I felt

17、very tired after running.跑步后我感觉很累。The fans felt excited when they saw their favorite movie stars.当影迷们看到他们最喜欢的电影明星时感到很激动。3satisfaction【点拨】satisfaction为不可数名词，意为“满意；满足”，其反义词为 dissatisfaction。如：She smiled in satisfaction.她满意地笑了。【延伸】(1)satisfy是动词，意为“使满意”；satisfied是形容词，意为“满意的”。(2)be satisfied to do sth. 意

18、为“对做某事感到满意”。如：He was satisfied to win the match.他对赢得比赛感到满意。(3)be satisfied with sth. 意为“对感到满意”。如：She was not satisfied with the result of the exam.她对那个考试结果感到不满意。4owner【点拨】owner为可数名词，意为“主人；物主”。the owner of.意为“的主人”。如：He is the owner of the car.他是这辆车的主人。【延伸】(1)own作形容词时，意为“自己的”，一般用于形容词性物主代词和名词所有格之后以加强语气

19、。如：I saw it with my own eyes.我亲眼看见它的。(2)own作及物动词时，意为“有；拥有”，相当于have。如：He owns a big house.他拥有一所大房子。(3)of ones own意为“属于某人自己的”。如：At last, I have got a big house of my own.我终于有了一座属于自己的大房子。1Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.在这里当志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。【点拨】此句中volunteering为动名词作主语，谓语动词应该用单数。如：Climbing moun

20、tains is really fun.爬山真的很有趣。【延伸】此句型也可转化为用it作形式主语，动名词放在后面。如：Its a waste of time waiting here.等在这里是浪费时间。2I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.我可以做我喜欢做的事，同时也能帮助别人。 【点拨】what I love to do是宾语从句，作do的宾语，宾语从句部分没有疑问语序，一定要用陈述语序。如：Can you tell me where I can park my car?你能告诉我把汽车停哪里吗？Perio

21、d 3(Section A 4aSection B 1e)教学目标要求学生学会动词不定式的各种用法重点词汇repair, fix, fix up, give away, take after, broken, wheel, alone重点句型Ive run out of it.I take after my mother.Im similar to her.I gave away my bike to a childrens home.Jimmy fixes up broken bicycle parts, like wheels. I want to travel alone.难点动词不定式

22、的各种用法1repair【点拨】repair作及物动词，意为“修理；修补；修缮(房屋等)”。如：He repairs old furniture.他修理旧家具。【辨析】repair, mend 与fix(1)repair比fix或mend正式，常用来表示修补破损或有洞的东西。如：Mary repaired the radio just for the fun of it.玛丽修理收音机只是为了消遣。(2)mend着重指修补衣服上的洞、道路、屋顶或围栏等。如：My mother mended clothes for me yesterday.昨天我妈妈为我缝补衣服。(3)fix侧重于安装，有时也

23、用作修理，常用来指修理机器、车辆等。如：The workers are fixing the machine.工人们正在安装机器。2be similar to【点拨】be similar to意为“与相似”，相当于be like, take after。如：Your plans are similar to his.你的计划与他的相似。1Ive run out of it.我已经把它用完了。【点拨】run out of是“动词副词介词”结构的短语，of后面接宾语，主语通常是表示人的名词，也可用于某种能消耗物品的机器等，意为“用完了”。如：I have run out of the paper.

24、 我的纸用完了。【延伸】(1)run out of也可表示“从跑出来”。如：The dog ran out of the room.这条狗从房间里跑了出来。(2)run out 是“动词副词”结构的不及物动词短语，意为“用完；用尽”，主语通常是表示时间、金钱等无生命的东西。如：All my money ran out. 我所有的钱花光了。Our food will run out soon.我们的食物很快将消耗完。2I take after my mother. 我长得像我的母亲。【点拨】(1)take after意为“像；与相像”，指由于血缘关系而(在外貌、性格等方面)相似，相当于 be s

25、imilar to，其中after是介词，其后常接名词或代词。如：Your daughter doesnt take after you at all.你女儿长得一点也不像你。(2)类似短语还有：1)look like意为“看上去像”，多指外貌像。如：You look like my brother.你与我弟弟长得像。2)be like 意为“像”，可指外貌像，也可指个性像。 如：What is your sister like?你妹妹的性格怎么样？Period 4(Section B 2a2e)教学目标要求学生学会动词不定式的各种用法重点词汇letter, Miss, set up, dis

26、abled, make a difference, blind, deaf, imagine, difficulty, open, door, carry, train, excited, training, kindness, clever, understand, change重点句型Im sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me.You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.Or imagine you cant walk or

27、 use your hands easily.Im only able to have a “dog helper” because of your kindness！难点动词不定式的各种用法1write a letter to.【点拨】(1)write a letter to sb.意为“写信给某人”，letter为可数名词，意为“信；函”。如：Tom, here is a letter for you.汤姆，这儿有你的一封信。(2)write the/a letter to sb. 相当于write to sb.。如：Do you often write to your friends?你

28、经常给朋友们写信吗？【延伸】(1)receive a letter from sb.hear from sb.，意为“收到某人的来信”。如：I often receive a letter/hear from my parents.我经常收到我父母的来信。(2)letter作可数名词时，还意为“字母”。如：Write down these letters, please.请写下这些字母。2disabled【点拨】disabled作形容词，意为“丧失能力的；残疾的”。它是由动词disable(使失去能力)加后缀d构成的。disable是由形容词able加前缀dis构成的。如：We should

29、help disabled people.我们应该帮助残疾人。Its impolite to make fun of a disabled man.取笑残疾人是不礼貌的。【延伸】the disabled 意为“残疾人”。“the形容词”表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：The young are more interested in playing computer games than the old.年轻人比老年人对玩电脑游戏更感兴趣。3make a difference to【点拨】make a difference to名词/代词，意为“对产生影响”。如：As teachers

30、, you must believe that you can make a difference to the lives of your students.身为教师，你们必须坚信你们能够影响学生的一生。A false step will make a great difference to my future.错走一步对我的前程都会产生很大影响。Does his absence make a difference to your work?没有他，会影响你的工作吗？4difficulty【点拨】difficulty为可数名词，意为“困难；难题”，其形容词为difficult，意为“困难的”。如：He met with many difficulties when traveling.他在旅行中遇到过很多困难。【延伸】(1)difficulty表示抽象意义上的困难时，是不可数名词。如：Bad planning will lead to difficulty later.计划不周会给以后带来困难。(2)have difficulty (in) doing sth. 意为“在做某事方面有困难”。