培优辅差巩固卷学年上学期高二英语学科培优辅差巩固卷1附答案内容必修5 Unit 1.docx

1、培优辅差巩固卷学年上学期高二英语学科培优辅差巩固卷1附答案内容必修5 Unit 12019-2020学年上学期高二英语学科培优辅差巩固卷（1）内容：必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists单词、短语一、 【a】单词拼写1. _ n. 画家；油漆匠2. _ vt/n. 打败；战胜3. _ n. 专家；行家4. _ 照顾；出席；参加5. _ vt. 暴露/揭露；使曝光6. _ n./ vt. 治愈；痊愈7. _ vt/n. 怀疑/疑犯8. _ vt. 责备；谴责9. _ vt. 处理；操纵10. _ vt. & n. 连接；联系11. _ vt. 命令；指示；教导12. _ n. 移

2、动；运动；13. _ vt. 拒绝,不接受；抛弃14. _ a. 谨慎的二、 【b】词形变化 15. science(n.)科学_(a.)科学的_ n.科学家16. _(n.)污染 pollute(v.) _ a.（污染的）17. _ (n.)宣布announce(v.) 宣布_ n.播音员；18. _ (n.)命令；指导instruct (v.)_ (a.)具有指导性的19. _ (n.) 暴露；裸露expose(v.) 使暴露；裸露_ (a.)20. contribute v.捐献；贡献；捐助- _ n.贡献21. enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的- _ n.热情；热心22

3、. conclusion (n.) 结论_ (v.)推断出23. construction(n.)建设 _ (v.)建造24. reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃 _ n.拒绝；抑制；驳回25. challenge n.挑战 vt.向挑战 _ adj.挑战的；具有挑战性的26. absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心 _ adj.被吸收的；全神贯注的三、【c】短语填空27. _使专心于28. _应该受责备29. _因某事责备某人30. _导致，通向/往31. _导致，有助于32. _暴露于33. _治好某人病34. _决定做某事35. _如此以至于36. _调查37. _讲得通，有意义38

4、. _ 只有39. 对严格40. 除之外,此外41. 提出理论42. 得出结论四、【a、b】用适当的介词或副词填空。1The quarrel led _the fighting between the two villagers.2His father is very strict _him and _his studies too.3We should base our theory _facts.4The photo calls up the memory of his childhood _times.5. What conclusion do you draw _the researc

5、h?6.When I opened the door，I found my father sitting in his chair，completely absorbed _ the newspaper.7. Jenny has been attending _ her sick mother for many years.【c】根据所给词的适当形式填空。1. Our school, _ (found) in 1878 will celebrate her 140th anniversary this October.2As we joined the big crowd, I got_(lo

6、se)3. The water companies were also instructed not to expose people to_(pollute)water anymore.4The woman liked the water so much that she had had it_(deliver)to her house.5John told the_(astonish)people to remove the handle.6The chairman announced the _news in an _voice. (excite)7There is a red car_

7、 (park) outside the house.8We all felt_ (relax) as the work _(complete)9I have such a _ job that I really felt _(tire)10The girl looked up with a _ (please) expression.【a】用方框内短语的适当形式填空。look into，be absorbed into，be to blame，draw a conclusion，be exposed to，put forward 1The cream _the skin easily.2The

8、 idea you _at the meeting yesterday is more practical than his.3The public want to know who _for the accident.4The doctor examined the patient carefully and then_.5The police promised to _the accident.6It is very dangerous to _patients with Ebola viruses(埃博拉病毒)without any protection.五、精讲词汇 【a】1. put

9、 forward 提出(意见、建议、观点等)；提前, 把(时钟)往前拨；推荐，提名put down放下；镇压；写下put away收拾好；储存put.in force使生效put.into practice实施，实行put off延期put on穿上；上演；假装put out扑灭，使熄灭；生产put up举起；搭建；张贴；留住宿put up with容忍put aside把撇开不理，不考虑用put短语完成句子。John Snow _ a suggestion that people not be exposed to polluted water.Our sports meeting has

10、been _ till next month because of the bad weather.They _ a notice there，saying，“Keep off the grass.”The fire was _ finally with the help of the firefighters.How can you _ such a rude person for so long a time?Weve _ by one week.我们已把婚礼提前了一周。Remember to _ tonight.记住今晚把时钟指针往前拨。Can I _ as our club secre

11、tary?我能推荐/提名你担任我们俱乐部的秘书吗？【c】2. absorb vt. 吸收; 吸引; 使专心absorb sb. in/sb. be absorbed in某人全神贯注于absorb ones attention 吸引某人的注意【能力提升】一句多译汤姆专心于工作, 忘记了通知她这件事。Tom was _ that he forgot to inform her of it. _, Tom forgot to inform her of it. (分词短语作状语)_ that he forgot to inform her of it. (含so. . . that. . . 的倒

12、装句)【b】3. contribute vt. & vi. 捐献; 贡献; 捐助(1) contribute. . . to. . . 把贡献给; 投稿contribute to 有助于; 导致; 为撰稿(2) contribution n. 贡献; 捐助make a contribution to 对作贡献(2015全国卷)如果你想给我们报纸投稿, 请在最后期限前把文章发给我。_, please send me your article before the deadline. 把小事做好有助于增强我们的自信心, 并帮助我们迎接未来更大的挑战。Doing small things well

13、_ and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future. 六、 重点句型【a】【b】【c】句型1、A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. have/get sth done是“have/get宾语宾语补足语”结构，意为“让某事被做，遭遇某事”，做事的主体是“别人”，而非主语“自己”。(1)have sb do sth使某

14、人做某事(do sth作宾补，sb与do为主动关系，相当于make/let sb do sth，get sb to do sth)The teacher had him mend the broken door. 老师让他修理坏了的门。(2)have sb doing sth常用在否定句中，特别是用在will not，can not等之后，表示“不能容忍某事发生”(doing sth作宾补，sb与do之间为主动关系)The teacher cant have students whispering in class.这位老师不能容忍学生课堂上窃窃私语。(3)have.to do有时间(精力/能

15、力/机会等)做某事(have在该结构中并非使役动词，而是“有”的意思)Do you have time to come here tonight?今晚你有时间来这里吗？My father has a farm and has two men _(work)for him.Claire had her luggage _(check) an hour before her plane left.I wont have you _(cheat)the customers.I have some personal affairs _(deal)with these days.She _ all he

16、r jewellery _她所有的首饰都被偷了。【b】【c】句型2.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.归纳拓展every time用作连词，引导时间状语从句。意为“每次就”，与each time相同。在every/each time等引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句用将来时态，从句则用一般现在时表示将来。 the瞬间名词(minute，moment，instant)可充当连词的名词词组： the序数词time不定代词(each，every，any)timetheday(week，

17、month，year)Do not give a dog bread _ he wags his tail.不要有求必应。I found myself in an entirely new world _ I arrived here.我一到这里就感到耳目一新。He came out of the classroom _一下课他就离开了教室。_，please close the door.下次进来的时候，请把门关上。I thought her nice and honest _我第一次见到她就认为她是一个诚实的好人。【a】句型3. The second suggested that peopl

18、e absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.suggest表示“表明，暗示，显示”，其后的从句用的是陈述语气； suggest表示“建议”，其后的从句用的是虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“shoulddo”，should可以省略。e.gJanes pale face suggested that she was ill, and her parents suggested that she (should) have a medical examination.My friend suggested that I _(bui

19、ld)up my confidence.All the evidence suggested that Tom _(be)to blame.He suggested to Tom that he _(struggle)to overcome his shyness in public，and his expression suggested that he _(agree)The teacher suggested the boy _老师建议这个男孩应该勇敢地接受挑战。【b】【c】句型4 Only if you put the sun there did the movements of th

20、e other planets in the sky make sense (only if位于句首的倒装句)“only 副词/介词短语/状语从句”位于句首，句子需要部分倒装。如：Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 只是到了那时我才意识到是我错了。Only by working hard can you succeed. 只有努力工作你才能成功。Only when one loses freedom does one know its value. 一个人只有在失去自由后才知道自由的可贵。注意：若位于句首的不是only+状语，而是only+主语等

21、，则通常无需倒装。练习：1. Only when you realize the importance of foreign languages_ them well.A. you can learn B.can you learn C.you learned D.did you learn2. Only after liberation _ to be treated as human beings.A. did they begin B.they had begun C.they did begin D.had they begun3. Only when _ in the afterno

22、on _ able to leave.A. the match was over; they were B. was the match over; were theyC. was the match over; they were D. the match was over; were they4.Only by practicing a few hours every day be able to master the language.A.you can B. can you C.you will D. will you5. Only in this way_expect to get

23、over so many difficulties.A.we are sure to B. can we C. that we can D. that can we6.Only when the rain stopped _ again. A.the match started B.does the match startC.did the match start D.the match had started【a】句型5 Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.(1)neither. . . nor. . . “既不也不”, 连接句中两个相

24、同的句子成分。连接主语时, 谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。(2)遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词: either. . . or. . . 不是就是not only. . . but also. . . 不仅而且not. . . but. . . 不是而是1)_ knew anything about it. 学生们和老师都不知道这件事。2) This phenomenon is_; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past. 这种现象既不好也不坏, 在现在和过去这都是大学生活的一个事实。七、语篇【a】 短文填空根据课文内容，在空白处填入

25、适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的适当形式。John Snow was a famous doctor in London, who was so expert that he 1. _ (attend)Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he was famous for 2. _ (defeat)“King Cholera”. Cholera was a 3. _ (dead)disease and neither its cause 4. _ its cure was understood. John Snow wanted to

26、 face the challenge and solve the problem. He suspected that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. So when another severe outbreak hit London, he began his enquiry. He found that many victims 5. _ (link)to the outbreak were near the water pump, so he had the handle 6. _ (r

27、emove). Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He drew 7. _ conclusion that the polluted water was 8. _ (blame). The water 9. _ (company)were instructed not to expose people 10. _ polluted water any more. Finally “King Cholera”was defeated. 【b】短文改错根据课文内容, 对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 There was time