仁爱英语九年级上册知识点归纳教学总结.docx

1、仁爱英语九年级上册知识点归纳教学总结九年级仁爱版Unit2Unit4知识点U2 Topic 2I.重点词组1.7.preve nt from 防止8.gree nhouse effect 温室效应9.refer to 提到10.deal with 处理11.take up 占据12.cut off 中断as a result 结果2.here and there 至U处3.in the begi nning 开始4.in dan ger处于危险中5.cut dow n 砍倒6.cha nge sth. i nto sth.把 变成II.重点句型1.As we know, none of us

2、likes pollutio n.众所周知，没有人喜欢污染。 none与no one的区另U:a)none “全无”，既可指人也可指物， 后常跟of的短语；作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数； no one只指人，后不能跟 of的短语；作主语时，谓语动词只用作单数。如：He has read none of these books.(指物)这些书他一本都没看过。None of my frie nds like/ likes draw in g.(指人)我的朋友们没有一个喜欢画画。No one is here.没有一个在这儿。b)none回答 how many/ much 的问题；no on

3、e回答 who的问题。 女口:A: How many stude nts come to school by taxi? B: None.有多少的学生搭出租车来上学？ 没有人。A: How much water is there in the bottle? B: None.瓶子里有多少水？ 一点儿也没有。A: Who is in the room? B: No one.谁在房中？没有人。2、Trees can also stop the wind blowing the earth away.树木也能防风固土。stop / prevent sb. /sth. (from ) doing st

4、h. 阻止/防止 某人或某物做某事keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止/防止 某人或某物做某事3、You may either take a bus or a taxi.你们可能搭公车去或者是搭出租车去。a)eitheror 要么 要么 ；或者 或者 ”并列连词，连接对等结构；连接主语时，根据就近原则。如：You may come either today or tomorrow. 你要么今天来，要么明天来。We can either sing or dance.我们可以唱歌或者跳舞。Either you or he is right.要么你对，要么他对。b)eit

5、her单独使用时，是代词，表“二者之一”既可指人也可指物；用作主语时，谓语动词用作单数。如：A : W ould you like coffee or tea? B: Either is OK你想要咖啡还是茶？随便都可以。Either of us is right.我们俩中有一人是对的。III.语法不定代词和不定副词:（一）不定代词：指人：some one/ somebody anyone/an ybody no one/ n obody every on e/everybody指物：someth ing anythingnothingeveryth ing（二）不定副词指地点：somewhe

6、re any whereno whereeverywhere（三）用法：1. some-复合代词/副词常用于肯疋句；如：I saw some one in the room. 我看见房间里有人。There is something in the woods. 树林里有什么东西。2、 any-复合代词/副词常用于否定句或疑问句；如：I didn see anyone in the room. 我没看见有人在房间里。There isn anything in the woods.树林里没有什么东西。3、 no-复合代词/副词表全否定；如：I saw nobody in the room. 我看见房

7、间里没有人。There is nothing in the woods.树林里没有什么东西。4、 every-复合代词/副词代替全部；如：Every one is here.大家都在这儿。It seems he knows everything . 似乎他知道一切。探some-复合代词/副词用于疑问句中时，表希望得到对方的肯定回答或表请求；如:Would you like something to drink? 你要点喝的东西吗？探any-复合代词/副词用于肯定句时，表“任何”；如：If people spit any where in public, they should be puni

8、shed. 如果人们在公众的任何地方吐痰，他们应该受罚。探 不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；如：No one knows this secret.没有一人知道这个秘密。Everything goes well. 一切进展顺利。探 如果有定语修饰，定语应放在不定代词或不定副词后；如：I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事告诉你。There is nobody strange here.这儿没有一个陌生人。no= not any nobody = not anybody; nothing = not anythingShe didn sa

9、y anything . = She said nothing .她什么也没说。There is nobody strange here.= There isn tanybody strange here.这儿没有一个陌生人。12、after all 毕竟above all 最重要的|是 II.重点句型1.We should use both sides of paper, and reuse plastic bagsrather than throw them away. 我们应该把纸的两面者E 使用，将塑料袋再次使用而不是轻易扔掉。a） both修饰复数名词；而 either修饰单数名词；

10、 女口：There are a lot of trees on both sides of the road.=There are a lot of trees on either side of the road. 在路的两边有许多树。b） rather than 表（是） 而不是”；连词，连接对等结构，相当于in stead ofc） 女口 ： I like coffee rather tha n tea. = I like coffee in stead of tea.我喜欢咖啡而不是茶.He likes liste ning to music rather tha n/ in stea

11、d of singing.他喜欢听音乐而不是唱歌He wants to go today rather tha n/ in stead of tomorrow.他想今天走而不明天.I did my homework rather than watched TV.=I did my homework in stead of watchi ng TV.昨晚我做作业了而不是看电视但rather than位于句首时，后跟动词原形，它不受句中谓语动词的时态影响。 女口：Rather than do it by myself, I didn task for help.宁可自己干，我没请人帮忙。2.Eve

12、ryone is supposed to do it.每个人都应该那样做。be supposed to do sth指（按规定、习惯、安排等）应当做某事；必须做某事；相当于 should;用于否定句时,表“允许”；女口：Teachers are supposed to/ should know a lot. 老师应该知道很多。You are not supposed to smoke here.这里不允许抽烟。3.First，you ought to turn off the lights when you leave a room.首先，当你离开房间的时候，应该随手关灯。ought to情态

13、动词，表 应该；应当”；语气比should强;指道义上应该做的事，有时含有责备或督促的语气。 should指主观上感到有责任或义务去做。如：You ought to help your mother do some housework.你应该帮你妈妈做些家务。We should study hard.我们应该努力学习。其否定式和疑问式：You oughtn tto get up so late in the morning.你早晨不应该起这么晚。Ought I to tell her the bad news?我该告诉她坏消息吗？Yes，you ought. No, you oughtn .I

14、II.语法并列句：由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成。结构为：简单句+并列连词+简单句常用的并列连词有： and，or，but，while，n oto nly but alsoe.g. 1. The river is dirty and the temperature of the earth is rising.2.t run for long.They work well, but they are slow and can2.重点句型1.Dis neyla nd is enjoyed by millio ns of people from all over the world.

15、 世界上数以百万的人们都喜欢迪斯尼乐园。2.1hope I can go there one day. 希望有一天我能去那儿。3.English is widely spoken around the world.英语在世界上被广泛使用。4.It is also spoken as a second Ianguage in many countries.在许多国家它也被用作第二语言。5.lt is possible that you will have some trouble. 你可能会遇到一些麻烦。6.It used as the first Ianguage by most people

16、 in America,Canada,Australia ,Great Britain andNewZeala nd.它被美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、英国和新西兰的大多数人用作第一语言。7.And two thirds of the world s scientists read English.并且世界上三分之二的科学家用英语阅读。3.语法学习一般现在时的被动语态英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主语是动作的执行者，叫主动语态。女口： We clean the classroom.我们打扫教室。主语是动作的承受者，叫被动语态。女口： The classroom is cleaned （by us

17、）. 教室被（我们）打扫。1.被动语态的 构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 + （by+宾语）其中by意为被；由”，表动作的执行者。女口： The glass is broken by that boy. 玻璃杯是那个男孩打破的。be有人称、数和时态的变化，其肯定式、否定式、疑问式的变化规则与 be作为连系动词时完全一样。女口： English is widely spoken around the world. （肯定式）English is not widely spoken around the world. （否定式）Is En glish widely spoke n aroun

18、d the world? （疑问式）Yes, it is./No, it isn t.Her2 . 被动语态的用法：（1 ）在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下可用被动语态。如: This coat is made of cotton.这件大衣是棉制的。 （2）要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时，用被动语态。如: bike is stolen.她的自行车被偷了。注意：（1）主动、被动互转时，时态不变。 （2）主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动态 by的宾语时,要用宾格形式。如:(1)People grow rice in the south. Rice is grown (by

19、 people) in the south.(2)She takes care of the baby. The baby is taken care of ( by her ).Topic 2二、语法学习用现在进行时表示将来现在进行时表示将来时，常有 意图”安排”（但不是固定不变的）或 打算”含义。它表示最近或较近的将来,所用的动词多是位移动词。如: come, go, arrive, leave, fly, start, begin, return, open, die例：I m going我要走了。 When are you starting? 你什么时候动身？Don t worry.

20、The train is arrivi ng here soon. 另 U着急，火车马上就至 U 了。表示将来的现在进行时除了用于位移动词外，亦可用于某些非位移动词。女口： My uncle is meeting us tomorrow. 我叔叔明天会见我们。She is buyi ng a new bike soo n. 她不久将买一辆新自行车。7.be weak in 在 方面很差/be good at在 方面很好8.be afraid of doi ng sth. 害怕做某事 9.make mistakes 犯错误lO.take a deep breath 深呼吸 11.the best

21、 time to do 做某事最好的时间12.do some liste ning practice 做些听力训练13.reply to=a nswer 回答14.advise sb. to do 建议某人做某事(名词 advice)二、重点句型1.Could you make yourself understood in the U.S.A?在美国，别人能懂得你的话吗？2.1don t knowhat to do .我不知道该怎么办？3.At times I feel like giving up .有时我想要放弃。5.1dare not answer questions in class,

22、 because I m afraid of making mista我不敢在课堂上回答问题，困为我害怕犯错误。8.Iin sist that you practice En glish every day.我坚持认为你们每天都应该练习英语。三、语法学习wh- +to do wh-是指when, where, which, who（m） 及how等连接词，它们和动词不定式连用， 即为wh- +todo结构。这种结构在句中常作主语、 表语和宾语，作宾语时可以转换为宾语从句。 （对于谓语动词来说，wh- +to do这个不定式动词的动作是个尚未发生的动作， 所以在转换成宾语从句时，通常须加情态动词

23、或用将来时表示未来。 ）女口： I don t knowwhat to do .=I don t knowvhat I should do .She can t decidewhich to buy .=she can t decidevhich she will buy .反之，如果主句中的主语与宾语从句中的主语一致时， 宾语从句（由疑问词引导） 通常可以与 疑问词+不定式”互相转换。女口： I don t know what I should do.=I don t knowvhat to do .如果不一致就不能转换。 I want to know what Mary will do.（

24、 不能说:I want to know what to do.）Un it 4 Topic 1重点词汇:1.Because Im not allowed to play computer games. 因为我不可以玩电脑游戏。allow 允许、准许”的意思。常用于以下几种形式：(1)allow +n ./prep 女口： We can tallow such a thi ng.我们不容许这种事情发生。 allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事 女口： She allowed me to go fishi ng.她允许我去钓鱼。(3)allow +do ing sth 允许做某事

25、女口： We don tallow smok ing in the readin g-room.我们不允许在阅览室吸烟。be allowed to do sth 女口：被允许做某事The stude nts are allowed to play games on the play ground after school.放学后学生们被准许在操场上做游戏。2.It made from wood. 它用木材做的。（1） be made in 在 地方制造，后接表示地点的名词。be made of 用 制造的，表示原材料未经化学变化，仍可看得出原材料。be made from 用 制造的，表示原材

26、料经过化学变化，已看不出其原样。be made by 由（被） （人）制作，后接表示人的名词或代词。be made into （某物）被制成 be made up of 由 组成 如:The TV set is made in Japa n. 这台电视机是日本生产的。These houses are made of ston es. 这些房子是由石头建造的。Paper is made from wood. 纸是木头造的。Was this cake made by your mother? 这蛋糕是你妈妈做的吗？Metal can be made into all kin ds of thi n

27、gs. 金属可以制成各种各样的物品。The medical team is made up of ten doctors. 这支医疗队由 10 位大夫组成。4.It used for helpi ng us to improve our En glish. 它用来帮助我们提高英语水平。（1） be used for+ving be used to do （被）用来做 强调用途或作用（2） be used as （被）作为 而用，强调被当作工具或手段来用。（3） be used by 被 使用，by后跟人/物，强调使用者。如：Pens are used for writi ng. 钢笔被用来写字

28、。Wood is used to make paper. 木材被用来造纸。En glish is used as a foreig n Ian guage in China. 英语在中国被当作外语使用。Recorders are ofte n used by En glish teachers. 英语老师经常使用录音机。5.People are surprised at the rapid development of robots.人们为机器人的飞速发展感至U惊讶。 句子中 be surprised at 是一个系表结构，表示 对 感到惊讶”。而be surprised by是一个被动语态形

29、式，表示 被 所惊讶”。女口：I am surprised at you. 我对你的举动感到诧异。The ma nager was surprised by what he saw on the computer.那位经理被眼前出现在电脑屏幕上的东西所惊讶。6.They will no Ion ger want to be our serva nts, but our masters.它们将不再愿意做我们的人，而要做我们的主人。no longer （通常在动词前）， notany longer; notany more （用于非正式文体中）都可表示 （过去曾 ）现在不再”女口：She no I

30、on ger lives here.She doesntlive here any Ionger（或any more）.她不在这儿住了。（过去她曾住这儿）7.This method worked well at ni ght as long as the weather was good and the stars could be see n.在夜间只要天气晴朗，能看见星星，这种方法就能很好地发挥作用。work well 有效 as long as 只要四、重点语法：1、一般过去时的被动语态谓语部分的基本形式是 be的过去式was/were+及物动词的过去分词。如：When was it m

31、ade?它是什么时候制造的？It was made in 1980.它是 1980 年制造的。When was the digital camera inven ted? 数码像机是什么时候发明的？It was invented in 1975. 它是 1975 年发明的。2、时间前所用介词的速记歌年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。 遇到几号要用on,上午下午又是in。要说某日上下午，用 on换in才能行。 午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。 at也用在时分前，说 差”可要用上to。说 过”只可使用past，多说多练牢牢记，莫让岁月成蹉跎。Topic 2一、重点词汇：1.travel by spaceship乘宇宙飞船旅行7.prefer to喜欢胜过2.in the future在将来8.Wha