高考英语阅读理解真题汇编含答案及解析.docx

1、高考英语阅读理解真题汇编含答案及解析高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Kyle Cassidy and three other members of the Annenberg Running Group were stretching on the grounds of the University of Pennsylvania, waiting for a few latecomers. The Penn colleagues and other community members meet three days a week for a rough

2、ly 30-minute jog and an occasional lecture. Thats right during some runs, one of them delivers a talk. Topics range from the brain to Bitcoin. But on this day last January, it would not be their normal run. The first clue that something was off was the man who sprinted past them. Running at an amazi

3、ng pace, Cassidy told Runners World admiringly. Cassidy discovered why the sprinter was so fleet of foot when another man ran by, yelling, Help! He took my phone and laptop! At that, the group did what running clubs do: They ran, trailing the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia until he ducked

4、into a construction site. The runners split up. Cassidy ran around to the far side of the site to cut the thief off while the others wandered the neighborhood hoping he had dumped the loot (赃物)in a backyard. No luck. So they decided to ask residents whether theyd seen the guy. When they knocked on t

5、he door of one row house, they were in for a surprise. Unknown to them, he had already emerged from the construction siteand was hiding behind a bush by that very house. As the owner opened the door, the suspect darted out from behind the bush . and right into the arms of campus police, whod joined

6、the chase shortly behind the runners. The members of this running group are not hard-core athletes. But they do understand the benefit of a little exercise. Running is typically a useless sport where you turn fat cells into heat, Cassidy told The Philadelphia Inquirer. But occasionally it can be use

7、ful, and here was one of those opportunities.（1）Why do the group members gather together? A.To do some stretching.B.To have a regular run.C.To deliver a lecture.D.To cover some topics.（2）What does the underlined word sprinted in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Dashed.B.Pushed.C.Jumped.D.Escaped.（3）We c

8、an infer that the success of the chase is mainly due to_ . A.the assistance of the runnersB.the owner of the row houseC.the campus police on patrolD.the joint efforts of the people（4）Which of the following best describes Cassidy? A.Athletic and generous.B.Courageous and ambitious.C.Helpful and humor

9、ous.D.Thoughtful and demanding.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了跑步俱乐部成员和校园警察等众人合力将抢了别人电话和笔记本电脑的嫌犯抓获的故事。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The Penn colleagues and other community members meet three days a week for a roughly 30-minute jog and an occasional lecture.”宾州大学的同事和其他社区成员每周集结三天，进行大约30分钟的慢跑，可知，小组成员聚在一

10、起是为了进行常规的跑步，故选B。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Running at an amazing pace,”可知，这个人跑的速度非常快，应该是从他们的身边疾驰而过，由此可知画线词词义为“猛冲”，故选A。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“At that, the group did what running clubs do: They ran, trailing the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia until he ducked into a construction site.”及第四段中的“As the owner

11、 opened the door, the suspect darted out from behind the bush . and right into the arms of campus police, whod joined the chase shortly behind the runners.”等细节描写可知，众人（跑步俱乐部成员和校园警察等）合力将抢了别人电话和笔记本电脑的嫌犯抓获，故选D。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Cassidy ran around to the far side of the site to cut the thief off”可知，劫案发生

12、后，卡西迪马上投入到对嫌犯的追捕之中，这说明他乐于助人；再根据最后一段中的“Running is typically a useless sport where you turn fat cells into heat,Cassidy told The Philadelphia Inquirer. But occasionally it can be useful, and here was one of those opportunities.”卡西迪对记者说“跑步通常是一项无用的运动，你可以将脂肪细胞转化为热量，但偶尔也会有用，这就是其中一个机会”，这是一种诙谐的说法，说明他很幽默，可知，

13、卡西迪既乐于助人又有幽默感，故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 About aspirin: Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve discomfort caused by numerous medical problems including headaches, toothache, inflammation and infections. It is

14、also suitable to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature. Who can take aspirin? Adults and children over 16 years of age. Who should not take aspirin? Women who are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant. Aspirin may harm your unborn baby. Women who are breast-feeding. Aspi

15、rin can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby. People who have any problems with the way the liver works or with the way the kidneys work.How to take aspirin: Take aspirin after meals, with a full glass of water or milk. The recommended dose (剂量) ranges from two to three tablets at a tim

16、e. Never take more than 4g 12 tablets) in any 24 -hour period. You must not take these tablets with any other medicine which contains any aspirin or painkiller. How to store aspirin: Keep all medicines out of the reach and sight of children. Store aspirin in a cool, dry place, away from direct heat

17、and light. Do not put aspirin in the bathroom because the dampness there can cause it to lose its effectiveness. Throw away aspirin that smells strongly of vinegar. Possible side effects: Feeling sick, increased risk of bleeding, stomach pain, indigestion and heartburn are common. If these effects c

18、ontinue, contact your doctor. Ringing in the ears, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and mental confusion are rare. If these occur, stop taking the drug and contact your doctor for further advice.（1）In which case will you take aspirin according to the text? A.Stomachache.B.Fever.C.Breathlessness.D.No

19、sebleed.（2）How many times can you take aspirin at most in a day? A.6.B.5.C.4.D.3.（3）What type of writing is this text? A.A hospital announcement.B.A medical report.C.A doctors suggestions list.D.Medical instructions.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍阿司匹林的作用和注意事项。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“It is also suitab

20、le to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature.”可知，阿司匹林可以退烧，故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The recommended dose (剂量) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g 12 tablets in any 24 -hour period.”可知，每次2-3片，一天不能超过12片，最多六次，故选A。（3）考查主旨大意。本文属于说明文，介绍阿司匹林的作用和注意事项，

21、因而是一篇药物使用说明书，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇药物使用说明书，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to accomplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos

22、, pathos and logos. Ethos is a speakers way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education he has in the field. After all, youre more likely to listen to advice about how to take car

23、e of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman. Pathos is a speakers way of connecting with an audiences emotions. For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the aud

24、ience with fear, thus making them want to vote for him. Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make thee viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money. Logos is the use of facts, statistics or other evidence to support your argument.

25、 An audience will believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”. Although ethos, pathos and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together. So, the next time you liste

26、n to a speech, watch a commercial or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.（1）What is the purpose of persuasion? A.To advise somebody to support you.B.To help someone have special skills.C.To convince somebody to

27、realize his aim.D.To talk someone into being honest.（2）What is a speakers way of convincing the audience to trust him? A.Pathos.B.Ethos.C.Logos.D.Education.（3）What do a politician and an animal charity have in common? A.Both prevent themselves from being hurt.B.Both save people from terrible wars.C.

28、Both make the audience support them.D.Both persuade people to donate money.（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.Convince the AudienceB.Three Basic Tools of PersuasionC.Believe MeD.Strength of Persuasion【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，说服是一种说服某人同意你的艺术，有三种基本的说服方法：精神气质，悲

29、情和理性。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to accomplish.”可知说服的目的是劝告一些人赞成你，故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Ethos is a speakers way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One common way a spe

30、aker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education he has in the field.”可知说话者可以通过介绍自己的经验以及自己在这个领域所受的教育，也就是Ethos，来让听众相信他，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Pathos is a speakers way of connecting with an audiences emotions.”可知一位政治家和一个动物慈善团体的共同之处就是让听众支持他们，故选C。（4）考查主旨大意。根据主题句“Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to accomplish. According to the ancient Greeks, t