裕兴新概念英语第三册笔记2852.docx
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裕兴新概念英语第三册笔记2852
Lesson28
Fivepoundstoodear
一、单词讲解
1、waresn.制品,器皿
tablewares餐桌用品
ironwares铁制品
silverwares银制品
glasswares玻璃制品
hardwaresshop五金商品
warehouse仓库
goods:
thingstobesoldinashop
consumergoods消费品
electricalgoods电器制品
merchandise商品(goodsboughtorsold,tradegoods)
commodityn.用于交换而获利的商品
commoditysociety商品社会
agriculturalcommodities农产品
householdcommodities家庭用品(锅,碗,瓢,盆等)
product工厂生产的或自然的产物
(thingsusefulmadeinafactoryortakenfromnature)
steelproduct
necessities必需品
lifenecessities生活必需品
2、anchorn.∕v.usedtoholdashipstill锚
beatanchor停泊
castanchor抛锚
weighanchor起锚
anchorman:
apersonwhoreadsnewsonTVandgivesreports
主持人,新闻播放员
TVpresenter电视节目主持人
MC:
(US)MemberofCongress国会议员
MasterofCeremony大会司仪
DJ:
DiskJockey唱片骑师
Backgroundnotes:
Jockeyisaprofessionalhorseriderandasaverb,toJockeymeanstoleadahorseintoagoodposition.Inthe1920s,radiobegantoenterAmericanhomes,thousandsofstationsbegantoplayrecordedsongs.
Intime,anamewasinventedfortheseradiomenwhotalked
andplayedmusic.TheyJockeyed(influenced)thepublictaste
inmusic.
3、deckn.1)甲板,舱面
clearthedecks准备妥当(todoalotofworkthatneedstobedonebeforeyoucandootherthings)
eg.I’mgoingtoclearthedecksbeforeChristmas.
我准备为了过圣诞节把一切都安排妥当。
2)层adoubledecker双层汽车
Manythingsaredifferentatsea.Eventhelanguage
Isdifferent.Simplewordslikerightandleftare
Notthesame.Inaship,‘right’isstarboardand
‘left’is‘port’.
4、temptv.toattractsbtohaveordosomething吸引,引诱
temptsbintodoingsth
temptsbtodosth
eg.Advertisersdevisehundredsofcompetitionsto
temptconsumersintobuyingtheirproductsand
freesamplestotemptnevergowrong!
seducev.勾引,吸引
seducesbintodoingsth
eg.Hewasseducedintoleavingthecompanybythe
offerofhigherpay.
induce(通过劝说)引诱做某事
(toleadsomebodytodosomethingbypersuading)
eg.Whatonearthpossessedyoutobeinduced
intoembezzlingsuchalargesumofmoney?
你是怎么了?
竟被引诱去挪用了那么一大笔数
额的钱。
lurev.(topersuadesomeonetodosthesp.somethingwrongbypromisingsomethingtheywant)
eg.Lifeinthecityluredhimfromhome.
allurev.toattractbyofferingsomethingpleasant
n.allure2000魅力2000
tantalizev.吊人胃口,逗你玩
(Tantalus,inGreekMythology,issaidtobethesonofzeus,whenhefeltthirsty,thewaterwhichwasuptohismouthwoulddisappear;whenhefelthungry,the
fruitontreesneartohismouthwoulddisappeartoo.)
eg.Hewastantalizedbyhebeauty,but
lackedthecouragetospeaktoher.
eggsbon怂恿,促使
(toencouragesomeonetodosth,esp.thattheyshouldnotdo)
eg.Eggedonbyhismistress,thecold-heartedmanabandonedhisfamily.
5、bargainv.讨价还价
bargainwithsboverprice
bargainforbetterpay
讨个好价钱
bargainhunter、
到处买便宜货的人
arealbargain真划算
awonderfulbargain
abadbargain真不划算
口语补充:
eg.Canyoucomedownalittlebit?
eg.Wellthen,howaboutsplittingthedifference?
eg.That’smyfinaloffer.
eg.That’smorelikeit!
eg..Takeitorleaveit!
6、embarkvi.togetontoaship
embarkon:
tostartsomethingnewanddifficult
开始做某事或某种事业
eg.Inthe1950s,Chinaembarkedonamajorprogramof
Industrialization.在20世纪50年代,中国开始了实现工业化的主要任务。
board(togetonabus,plane,traininordertotravelsomewhere)
eg.FlightN654forNewYorkisnowboardingatGate.
乘坐N654号航班飞往纽约的乘客请登机。
boardthetrain上火车
mount:
togetonahorseorabicycle
mountahorse
mountabicycle
ride骑,坐(在任何可以双脚悬空的东西上)
rideabicycle
rideamotorbike
rideahorse
rideonfathersback(儿童)骑大马
-ride受…支配的,(饱)受…之苦
mosquito-riddenswamps蚊子遍野的沼泽地
crisis-ridden危机四伏
eg.ItisreportedJapaneseeconomyiscrisis-ridden.
drivev.(坐在有轮子的车辆里面操纵它)
driveacar
driveatrain
driveacart
eg.WedrovetoCambridge.
disembarkvi.togetoffashiporaplane
7、assailv.纠缠
1)toworryorupsetsomebody
eg.Onmywayhome,Iwasassailedbyamanwhowantedtosellmeadiamondring.
2)toattacksomeoneviolently猛烈攻击(抨击)
assailsbwithsth
eg.Theangrycrowdassailedthepolicewithstonesandbottles.
pesterv.(toannoysomeonerepeatedly,esp.byaskingthemtodosomething)(提要求而)使某人烦恼,纠缠
pestersbforsth缠着向某人要
eg.thebeggarskeptpesteringusformoney.
pestersbtodo
egThekidshavebeenpesteringtheirfathertobuythem
newjigsawpuzzle.
harass骚扰,打断
sexualharassment性骚扰
badgerv.toaskagainandagain吵着要,烦扰
badgersbtodosth
eg.Kidsbadgeredtheirfathertogetahomecomputer.
n.獾(badgen.徽章,标记)
Asearlyasthe18thcentury,agamewasplayedinEngland
inwhichabadgerwasputinbucketandadogwasseduced
tobiteit.
8、inscribev.刻写,刻字(于石头或硬币上)
(tocarefullycut,printorwritewordsonsth,esp.onthesurfaceofastoneorcoin)
eg.Thetombwasinscribedwithashortepitaph.
墓碑上刻有简短的墓志铭。
eg.Thesewarheroeshaveinscribedtheirnamesonthepages
ofhistory.
Impressv.留下刻痕
eg.Mother’swordsareimpressedonmymind.
9、favor/favour
1)help
askafavorofsb请别人帮个忙
dosbafavor给别人帮个忙
Allowme!
请让我来吧!
Owesbafavor欠了份人情
2)supportorapproval支持或赞同
findfavorwith
gainfavorwith
winfavorwith
eg.G.W.Bushfoundgreatfavorinpresidencyelection.
小布什在总统竞选中受到民众的普遍支持。
infavorof赞成,支持,偏袒
showfavortosb
eg.Parentsalwaysshowfavortotheirsmallestkids.
父母亲总是护着家里最小的孩子。
most-favor-treatment最惠国待遇
favorablea.有利的
favorablewinds顺风
二、课文讲解
1、speedto全速驶向(开向)
eg.Carsarespeedingontheexpressway
汽车在高速上全速行驶。
roardown呼啸驶入
flashdown像闪电一样地行驶
eg.Alargecar,withitsheadlightsonanditshornblaring,roareddownthearcade
一辆大车亮着前灯,响着喇叭,呼啸着驶入了拱廊街。
eg.Apolicecarflashedpast,sirenswailing.
一辆警车响着警笛,飞驰电掣。
spinaround:
toturnaroundveryquickly车辆疾驰飞奔
eg.Amotorcarspunaroundthecorner.
一辆摩托车飞一样转过街角。
eg.Theyoungmanwithconfidenceembarkedonhiscareerashejustfinishedhiscollegeeducation.
这个充满信心的年轻人当完成了大学学业时,开始了他的职业生涯。
2、before(连)不等…就;还没…就
eg.BeforeIcouldspeak,hehadtakenthewordsoutofmymouth.
我还没来得及说话,他就说出了我的想说的话。
3、rug:
ofasmallsize(小)地毯
carpet:
ofabigsize(打)地毯
tapestry:
n.挂毯
mat:
n.席子,草垫,脚踩垫
mattress:
n.床垫
4、IranusedtobeknowasPersia
伊朗旧称为波斯
Iraqn.伊拉克
(Anoil-producingcountryinsouthwestAsia.UnderitsleaderSaddamHussein,IraqwasatwarwithIranfrom1980to1988anditsinvasionofKuwaitin1900ledtotheGulfwar)
5、eg.TheChineseareanindustrious,friendly,diligent,generousandhospitablepeople
中国人时勤劳,友好,慷慨和好客的民族。
(逗号用于隔开一句话中的同类词,同类短语)
6、copper铜
(material)
bronze(铜锡合金)青铜
(alloyofcopperandtin)
bronzemedal铜牌
BronzeAge青铜器时代
IceAge
StoneAge
BronzeAge
IronAge
brass(铜锌合金)黄铜
(alloyofcopperandzinc)
brassband铜管乐队
7、hadnosooner…than…
刚一…就…,一…就…
nosooner置于句首需要倒装
eg.Nosoonerhadheheardthenewsthanheflewintorage.
他已得知这个消息,就勃然大怒。
hadscarcely…when
hadhardly…when
eg.Scarcelyhadsheheardthefailurewhenshegaveabigmouthtoit.
她刚一听说失败了,就立刻惊讶的张大了嘴。
8、gotogreatlengthstodo
gotoanylengthstodo
…极力做某事
eg.Theyoungmandeterminedtogotoanylengthstoprovehimself
inthenewjob.
这个年轻人下定决心在新的工作中证明自己。
gotogreatpainstodo
takegreatpainstodo努力下工夫
eg.IttakeshimgreatpainstolearnEnglish.
goto/takealotoftroubletodosth费神,花心思
eg.Ittookmellotoftroubletoputmycomputerright.
我花了好大的劲才把我的电脑修好。
putalotofeffortintosth
makealotofefforttodosth做了许多努力
eg.UNmakesalotofefforttokeeptheworldpeace.
9、togetridofhim摆脱
getridoftheunwelcomevisitor
摆脱这位不速之客
getridofdebts
摆脱债务
getridofex-boyfriend
摆脱前男友的纠缠
togetridofcough祛除咳嗽的病根
eg.Heopenedthewindowtogetridofthesmelloftobacco.
他打开窗户,去去烟味。
10、atthebaseof在…底部
onthebasisof以…为基础
eg.Promotiontohighranksisonthebasisofworkperformance.
晋升高职是以工作表现为基础的。
11、shakeyourhead摇头
(tomeanno)
shrugyourshoulders耸肩(表示不知道或对什么不感兴趣,无所谓)
(toraiseandthenloweryourshouldersinordertoshow
thatyoudon’tnknowsomethingordonotcareaboutsth)
throwupone’sarms(indespair)
12、holdup5fingers伸出五个手指
1)举起,抬起
holdupone’snose(showpride)
holdupyourhead扬起头(在逆境中)
(toshowprideorconfidenceinadifficultsituation)
holdupabanner高举旗帜
2)停顿,耽搁
eg.Ourcarwasheldupintheheavysnow.
我们的车被困雪中。
3)支持重量,支撑
eg.Twogreattowersholdupfourhugecables.
两座巨塔支撑着四根粗大的钢缆。
4)抢劫
eg.Apackofgangstersheldupabank.
13、indicatev.
2)用手势,目光等说明,表明
eg.Indicatewhenthepainiswithyourfinger.
3)表明,说明
eg.InAmerica,acarandahousemayindicateitsowner’s
socialrank.
14、gesticulatev.打手势
eg.Petergesticulatedwildlyandshouted:
‘Stop!
’
gesturen.手势
(esp.withyourhands)
thelanguageofgestures肢体语言
bodylanguage
signlanguage手势语,哑语
15、actasif
asif/asthough
引导方式状语从句,经常用到下列动词之后。
feelasif
lookasif
smellasif
tasteasif
eg.IfeelasthoughIwerefloatingontheair.
eg.Itsoundsasifawarwouldbreakout.
16、reducethepriceto£10
eg.Hardworkreducedhimskinandbone.
辛苦的工作使他变得骨瘦如柴。
eg.Thefirereducedtheforesttoashes.
一场大火将整个森林化为灰烬。
reducetoorder恢复秩序
reducetosilence安静下来
reducetotears哭了起来
eg.Povertyreducedhimtobeggingonthestreets.
18、thrustthepenintomyhands
thrustoneselfinto设身于…中
eg.Asoldierthrusthimselfintodanger.
这个战士置身于危险中。
thrusttheprisonerintothecell
eg.Auntthrustsaboxofchocolatesintomyhand.
19、nomatterh