北师英语教师用书.docx

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北师英语教师用书.docx

北师英语教师用书

单词速记

1.mattervi.     要紧,有重大关系

2.supposevt.认为,猜想

3.switchvt.转换,转变

4.standvt.忍耐,忍受

5.otherwiseadv.否则,另外

6.urgentadj.急迫的,紧急的→urgencyn.紧急→urgevt.极力主张,催促

7.boredadj.厌烦的,不感兴趣的→boringadj.另人厌烦的

8.challengen.挑战→challengingadj.富有挑战性的

9.supportvt.&n.支持;支撑→supportern.支持者

10.volunteern.志愿者→voluntaryadj.志愿的

11.distancen.距离→distantadj.遥远的

12.personaladj.私人的,个人的→personallyadv.就个人而言→personalityn.个性,人格

13.organisevt.组织→organisationn.组织→organisern.组织者

14.advertisementn.广告→advertisevi.为……做广告→advertisern.登广告的人

15.complainvi.抱怨,投诉→complaintn.抱怨,投诉

16.socialadj.爱交际的,社交的→societyn.社会→socialismn.社会主义

17.reducevt.&vi.减少,降低→reductionn.减少

18.solvevt.解决;解答→solutionn.解决,解答

19.formaladj.正式的,合礼仪的→informaladj.非正式的

20.relaxingadj.轻松的,放松的→relaxvt.&vi.放松→relaxedadj.松懈的;放松的

21.stressfuladj.充满压力的,紧张的→stressn.压力

22.prefervt.更喜欢,宁愿→preferencen.较喜欢的东西,偏爱

23.graduatevi.毕业→graduationn.毕业

24.suffervt.&vi.遭受;忍受;经历→sufferingn.痛苦,苦难→sufferern.受难者

25.peacefuladj.平静的;和平的→peacen.和平→peacefullyadv.和平地;平静地

26.designn.&vt.设计→designern.设计者

◎语境应用[用所给词的适当形式填空]

1.Generallyspeaking,wefeel________whilelisteningtosome________music.(relax)

答案:

 relaxed;relaxing

2.The________peoplehopedthatthedisputewastobesolved________anda________agreementcouldbesignedassoonaspossible.(peace)

答案:

 peaceful;peacefully;peace

3.Idon’twanttoworkunder________andIameagerforajobthatisn’t________.(stress)

答案:

 stress;stressful

4.Nowadayswiththedevelopmentofsociety,many________________todo________workwithoutanypay.(volunteer)

答案:

 volunteers;volunteer;voluntary

5.________aresupposedtobehonestwiththe________.Ifyou________yourgoodsinadishonestway,youwillbefinedupto50,000yuan.(advertise)

答案:

 Advertisers;advertisements;advertise

6.Asa________who________fromakeyuniversity,hewasofferedasatisfactoryjobafter________.(graduate)

答案:

 graduate;graduated;graduation

短语回顾

1.switch_on  把开关打开,接通

2.switch_off把……关掉,关上

3.switch_over转换频道;转变

4.go_off(爆竹、铃等)响;离开;熄灭

5.take_up占据

6.suffer_from忍受,遭受

7.put_pressure_on给……施加压力

8.be_prepared_for为……做好准备

9.at_the_moment此刻,目前

10.get_changed换衣服,更衣

11.take_turns_to_do_sth.轮流做某事

12.play_a_role/part_in在……中起作用

13.come_up_with追上,赶上;想出,找到

14.look_forward_to盼望,期望

15.as_well_as除……之外还;既……

又……,和……一样好

◎语境应用[选用以上短语填空]

1.Thecaralarm____________asathiefwastryingtostealthecar.

答案:

 wentoff

2.Thenewsofaiscomfortabletositon.However,it__________________________toomuchroom.

答案:

 takesup

3.Thereisnogoodmovietonight.Wouldyoumindmy____________________________towatchthefootballgame?

答案:

 switchingover

4.Weshalljusthavetowaitandsee;there’snothingwecando______________________.

答案:

 atthemoment

5.ThanksforyourkindconsiderationandI________________________receivingyourearlyreply.

答案:

 lookforwardto

6.Theeconomistsaretryingto____________________asolutiontotheglobalfinancialcrisis.

答案:

 comeupwith

句型必备

1.Iamalwaysthefirstpersontogettotheoffice.

名师指津:

不定式短语作后置定语。

句式仿写:

众所周知,屠呦呦是获得诺贝尔医学奖的第一位中国女科学家。

Asisknowntous,TuYouyouisthefirstwomanscientistto_win_the_Nobel_Prize_inChina.

2.IalwaystakemyportableTVandIsitonthestonewallwhilethedogwalksroundinacircle.

名师指津:

while引导并列句,表转折对比。

句式仿写:

一些人浪费粮食,而一些人却吃不饱。

Somepeoplewastefoodwhile_others_haven’t_enough_foodtoeat.

3.Ifindpaintingordrawingveryrelaxing.

名师指津:

find+宾语+宾语补足语。

句式仿写:

有时,你会发现生活单调、枯燥并且你渴望有点改变。

Sometimesyoumayfind_life_boring_and_dullandyouareeagertohaveachange.

4.Usually,it’ssocrowdedthatIcan’tfindanywheretosit.

名师指津:

so...that...引导结果状语从句。

句式仿写:

结果,孩子们变得如此依赖他们的父母,他们没有独立的想法或创意。

Asaconsequence,childrenbecomeso_reliant_on_their_parents_thattheyhavenoindependentthoughtorcreativeideas.

5.Wedon’thavethesameworkhoursthatofficeworkersinthecityhave.

名师指津:

thesame...that...“和……一样”,定语从句中that所指代的人或物与先行词是同一个。

句式仿写:

这就是我昨天丢失的那部手机。

Thisis_the_samecellphonethat_Ilostyesterday.

[词汇细解]

mattervi.要紧,重要,有重大关系;n.物质;问题;毛病

(1)amatterof...    (是)一个……的事情/问题

tomakemattersworse更糟糕的是

asamatteroffact实际上,不瞒你说,事实上

nomatterhow/who/what...不管……

(2)Itdoesn’tmatter.没关系。

Itmatters/doesn’tmatter(tosb.)+主语从句(对某人来说)有关系/无关系,(对某人来说)重要/不重要

Itdoesn’tmattertomeifImissmytrain,becausethere’sanotheronelater.

我这次如果误了火车也没有关系,因为稍后还有一趟车。

◎巧学巧练

(完成句子)

①Hewillcometounderstandyoureffortssoonerorlater.It’s______________________(只是时间问题).

答案:

 justamatteroftime

②____________________(更糟糕的是),somepeopledonotfollowtrafficrules.

答案:

 Tomakemattersworse

(单句改错)

③Itdoesn’tmatterformewhattodoaslongasIworkwithyou.

答案:

 for→to

④Aslongasstaffmembersaredressedneatly,whatdoesn’tmatterhowlongtheirhairis.

答案:

 what→it

⑤Itdoesn’tmatterifyouagreetotheplanornot.

答案:

 if→whether

supposevt.认为,猜想

(1)supposesb./sth.(tobe)...

      认为某人/某事……

suppose+that...猜想……,认为……

Isupposeso我想是这样

Isupposenot=Idon’tsupposeso

我想不会的

(2)besupposedtodo应该做

besupposedtohavedone

本该做(而未做)

(3)suppose/supposing(that)...

假使……;假定……

—Willshecomewithus?

—No,Isupposenot./Idon’tsupposeso.

——她会跟我们来吗?

——我想不会吧。

◎巧学巧练

(单句语法填空)

①She’ssupposed____________(do)anhour’shomeworkeveryevening.

答案:

 todo

②Hewassupposed____________(graduate)fromcollegetwoyearsago.

答案:

 tohavegraduated

③________(suppose)youlostyourjobtomorrow,whatwouldyoudo?

答案:

 Suppose/Supposing

(一句多译)

他所有的朋友都会以为她是他的太太。

④____________________________________________________________(简单句)

答案:

 Allofhisfriendswillsupposehertobehiswife.

⑤___________________________________________________________(复合句)

答案:

 Alllofhisfriendswillsupposethatsheishiswife.

sufferv.遭受;忍受;经历

(1)sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage

   遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏

sufferfrom...受……折磨,受……之苦;患病

(2)sufferern.患病者,受苦者,受难者

(3)sufferingn.(指肉体或精神上遭受的)痛苦,疼痛,困难

Thereisnodenyingthatourearthissufferingseveredamage.

不可否认,我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏。

◎巧学巧练

(单句语法填空)

①Alargequantityofmoneyhasbeencollectedtohelpthose________(suffer)fromthefloods.

答案:

 suffering

②Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughvarietiesof________(suffer)duringthewar.

答案:

 sufferings

③He________(suffer)fromthelungcancerformanyyears.

答案:

 suffered

④The________(suffer)hasdecidedtogiveupsmoking.

答案:

 sufferer

(用现在分词短语作状语连接③、④句)

⑤________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

答案:

 Havingsufferedfromthelungcancerformanyyears,thesuffererhasdecidedtogiveupsmoking.

standvt.忍耐,忍受;经受得起

(1)can’tstanddoingsth.不能忍受做某事

(2)standagainst反对;经受住;倚着

……站着

standby旁观,支持

standfor象征,代表

standout突出,显眼,引人注目

(2014·安徽高考单选改编)Shakespeare’swritingisstillpopulartoday.Ithasreallystandthetestoftime.莎士比亚的作品今天依旧很受欢迎,它的确经受住了时间的考验。

◎巧学巧练——单句语法填空

①Ican’tstand____________________(wake)upbythenoiseoutsideatnight.

答案:

 beingwoken

②(2013·新课标卷Ⅱ书面表达)InChina,theseknotsstand________friendship,loveandgoodluck.

答案:

 for

③Howcanyoustand________andseehimaccusedofsomethinghedidn’tdo?

答案:

 by

④SunLi,afamousactress,stands________amongthefilmstars.

答案:

 out

巧学助记

supportn.&vt.支持;拥护

(1)supportsb./afamily 支持某人/赡养家庭

supportoneself自力更生

(2)insupportofsb.支持或支援某人

(3)supportern.支持者

We’llsupportyouheartandsoulinyournewexperiment.我们将会全心全意地支持您进行新的实验。

◎巧学巧练

(单句语法填空)

①Hehadtodoanextrajobafterwork,forhehadabigfamily____________(support).

答案:

 tosupport

②Whatevergreatdifficultiesyoumeet,I’myourloyal________(support).

答案:

 supporter

(写作佳句)

③只有少数人支持他的计划,这使他很伤心。

Onlyafewpeoplespoke________________________,______________________________.

答案:

 insupportofhisplan;whichmadehimverydisappointed

designn.&vt.设计;图案;构思;计划

(1)

(2)bydesign      有意地,故意地

Doyouthinkthebuildingwasburntdownbyaccidentorbydesign?

你认为大楼被烧是意外事故,还是有意为之?

名师指津:

表示“故意与偶然”的词语小结

(1)故意地

①bydesign ②onpurpose ③deliberately

(2)偶然地

①bychance ②byaccident ③accidentally

◎巧学巧练

(单句语法填空)

①ItissaidthattheearlyEuropeanplayingcardsweredesigned________entertainmentandeducation.

答案:

 for

②Theydesignthiscourse__________(help)thosewhoarewishingtogoabroad.

答案:

 tohelp

(句式升级)

③Thisbookwhich__________________(打算帮助孩子)readturnsouttobeasuccess.

答案:

 isdesignedtohelpchildren

→Thisbook______________________________readturnsouttobeasuccess.(分词作定语)

答案:

 designedtohelpchildren

prefervt.更喜欢;选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)

(1)prefersth.tosth.

   喜欢……而不喜欢……

preferdoingsth.todoingsth.

宁愿……而不愿……

prefer(sb.)todosth.

更喜欢(某人)做……

(2)prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.

woulddosth.ratherthandosth.

wouldratherdosth.thandosth.

宁愿做……而不愿做……

(3)preferencen.偏爱;优先权;偏爱的事物

(2014·浙江卷)Wemostprefertosayyestotherequestsofsomeoneweknowandlike.我们大都更愿意答应我们所了解和喜欢的人的请求。

◎巧学巧练

(单句语法填空)

①Nowadaysmanychildrenprefer________(surf)theInternetathometo________(take)exerciseoutdoors.

答案:

 surfing;taking

②Tompreferstomeethisfriendatthestationratherthan__________(wait)here.

答案:

 wait

(一句多译)

孩子们宁愿骑自行车到乡下去,也不愿整天待在家里。

①Thechildren________________________________________athomealltheday.

答案:

 preferredcyclingtothecountrysidetostaying

②Thechildren______________________________________athomealltheday.

答案:

 wouldrathercycletothecountrysidethanstay

③Thechildren_____________________________athomealltheday.

答案:

 preferredtocycletothecountrysideratherthanstay

④Thechildren________________________________________athomealltheday.

答案:

 wouldcycletothecountrysideratherthanstay

complainvi.抱怨;投诉

(1)

(2)

(上海高考)

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