职称英语理工A级答案09年08年07年真题.docx
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职称英语理工A级答案09年08年07年真题
2009年职称英语理工A级真题
第1部分：
词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）
1 Whycan'tyoustopyoureternalcomplaining?
A longB everlastingC temporaryD boring
2 Hundredsofbuildingswerewreckedbytheearthquake.
A damagedB shakenC fallenD jumped
3 Thesepaintingsareconsideredbymanytobeauthentic.
A faithfulB royalC sincereD genuine
4 Manyeconomistshavegivenintothefatallureofmathematics.
A simplicityB attractionC powerD rigor
5 Tenyearsaftertheevent,herdeathstillremainsapuzzle.
A mistB fogC secretD mystery
6 Johnwasirritatedbythenecessityforpoliteconversation,
A troubledB annoyedC threatenedD aroused
7 Academicrecordscannotbeduplicated.
A borrowedB purchasedC copiedD rewritten
8 Theemphasisontheimportanceofeducationhasspurredscientificresearch
A encouragedB fastenedC raisedD initiated
9 Wehaveamplemoneyforthejourney
A someB littleC enoughD extra
10Thedoctor'spillsworkedmarvelsforme.
A miraclesB patientsC illnessD recovery
11Mary'sperpetualmoaningnearlydrovememad.
A endlessB monotonousC seriousD bitter
12Itwashardtosaywhythemandeservedsuchshabbytreatment
A oldB unforgettableC unfairD funny
13Youdidn'tadheretotheseprinciples.
A orderB followC proveD handle
14Thefarmersalsowanttousethewatertoirrigatethebarrenland.
A emptyB hairlessC smoothD bare
15Anyonewhowantstoapplyforaloanneedreadthefollowingspecifications.
A expressionsB warningsC advertisementsD instructions
第2部分：
阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
Water-theIssueofThisCentury
Theworldisrunningshortoffreshwater.PopulationsaregrowingbiggerandThirstier（渴的）,withtheresultthatfreshwaterisbecomingincreasinglyscarce（缺乏）.Halftheworld'swetlandshavedisappearedduringthelastcentury,whileestimatessuggestthatwaterusewillriseby50%inthenext30years.
TheWorldBankreportestimatesthatasmuchashalfoftheworld'spopulation,concentratedinAfrica,theMiddleEastandsouthAsia,willface'severewatershortages'by2025.Localwaterconflictsandthelossoffreshwaterecosystemsappearlargeinsomeregions.
Asimilarpictureemergesfromtheglobe'ssaltwaterregions.Three-quartersoftheworld'speoplemaylivewithin100kmoftheseain2025,puttingevenmorepressureonstretchedcoastalecosystems.Twothirdsoffisheries（渔业）areexploitedatorbeyondtheirsustainablelimits,andhalftheworld'scoralreefs（珊瑚礁）mayperishin100years.Almost60%ofcoralreefsand34%offishspeciesareatriskfromhumanactivities,theBanksays.
Thereportconcludesthatthereisampleevidencetojustifyimmediateandcoordinatedactiontosafeguardsuppliesandusewatermoreefficiently.
Freshwaterconsumptionisrisingquickly,andtheavailabilityofwaterinsomeregionsislikelytobecomeoneofthemostpressingissuesofthe21stcentury.
Athirdoftheworld'spopulation-aroundtwobillionpeople-liveincountriesthatareexperiencingmoderatetohighwatershortages.Thatproportioncouldrisetohalformoreinthenext30yearsunlessinstitutions（制度）changetoensurebetterconservationandallocationofwater.
Chinaisonecountrywheretheportents（征兆）aregloomy.Themostwater-stressedcountryinEastAsia,Chinaisexploiting44%ofitsusablewater,afigureprojectedtoriseto60%by2020.Primarywithdrawalofwaterofmorethan60%iswidelyconsideredbywaterexpertstoexceedtheenvironmentalcarryingcapacityofariverbasinsystem.AlthoughChina'stotaluseappearsstilltobereasonable,ithasseveralbasinsthatareseverelystressedenvironmentally.
WithdrawalsexceedenvironmentallimitsinAfghanistanandPakistan,andwillexceedtheminIndiaby2020.IntheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica,onlyMoroccohasunexploitedwaterresources.Theresthaveexceededenvironmentallimitsandmanyareminingaquifers（蓄水层）-bodiesofwater-bearingrock-thereportsays.
16 Itisestimatedthatwaterusewillriseby50%inthenext30years.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
17 Mostdevelopedcountrieswillfacewatershortagesin20years.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
18 Mostoftheworld'spopulationmaylivewithin100kmoftheseain2025.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
19 Almostallcoralreefsmaydisappearin100years.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
20 SomespeciesoffishintheAtlanticareatdangerouslylowlevels.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
21 TheWorldBankreportimpliesthaturgentactionshouldbetakentoprotectwatersupplies.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
22 Indiaexceedsenvironmentallimitsforwateruse.
A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned
第3部分：
概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
Chimpanzees
1 Chimpanzees（黑猩猩）willsoonbeextinct（灭绝）.Ifthepresentrateofhuntingandhabitat（栖息地）destructioncontinues,thenwithin20years,therewillbenochimpanzeeslivinginthewild.Butthisismorethananenvironmentalormoraltragedy（悲剧）.Chimpanzeeextinctionmayalsohaveprofoundimplications（含意）forthesurvivaloftheirdistantrelatives-humanbeings.
2 In1975thebiologistMarie-ClaireKingandAllanWilsondiscoveredthatthehumanandchimpanzeegenomes（基因组）matchbyover98%.Comparethistothemouse,usedasmodelforhumandiseaseinlabtests,whichsharesonly60%ofitsDNAwithus.Infact,chimpanzeesarefarmoresimilartohumansthantheyaretoanyotherspeciesofmonkey.Aswellasresemblingusgenetically,chimpsarehighlyintelligentandabletousetools.Thesefactsaloneshouldbeenoughtomakeprotectionofchimpsanurgentpriority（优先）.Butthereisanother,moreselfishreasontopreservethechimp.
3 Thechimpanzees'trumpcard（王牌）comesinthefieldofmedicalresearch.Chimpanzeesaresosimilartohumansthatveterinarians（兽医）oftenrefertohumanmedicaltextbookswhentreatingthem.Yetchimpanzeesdoshowdifferencesinseveralkeyareas.Inparticular,chimpsaremuchmoreresistanttoanumberofmajordiseases.Itisthisabilitythatissointeresting.
4 Forexample,chimpsseemtoshowamuchhigherresistancethanhumanstoHIV,thevirusthatcausesAIDS.Indeed,theiruseasexperimentalanimalsinAIDSresearchhasdeclinedbecausetheyaresoresistant.
5 Bysequencingthechimpgenomeandpinpointing（找到）theplacewherethechimpanzeeDNAsequencediffersfromthatofhumans,scientistshopetobeabletodiscoverwhichpartofthegeneticcodegiveschimpstheirincreasedresistancetosomediseases.This,theyhope,willallowthemtodevelopnewandmoreeffectivetreatmentsforthehumanformsofthesediseases.Suchtreatmentscouldincludetheproductionofnewdrugsoreventhealteration（改变）ofthehumangeneticsequence.Therecentlycompletedhumangenomesequencingprojecthasshownthatsuchaneffortisnowwellwithinourreach.
23 Paragraph1 .
24 Paragraph2 .
25 Paragraph3 .
26 Paragraph4 .
A Geneticdifferencesbetweenchimpsand"humans
B ReasonsforHIVresistance
C Implicationsofchimpanzeeextinctionforhumans
D EffectiveAIDStreatment
E Geneticsimilaritiesbetweenchimpsandhumans
F Chimps'resistancetoHIV
27 Chimpanzeeextinctionmayaffect
28 Thereisadifferenceoflessthan2%betweenthechimpand
29 Scientistssuspectthatgenesplayasignificantroleinprotectingchimpsfromgetting
30 Thediscoveryofthegeneticcodeofchimpswillbehelpfulto
A healthierlifestyle
B somehumandiseasetreatments
C somediseases
D humansurvival
E humangenomes
F keyareas
第4部分：
阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
YouthEmancipationinSpain
TheSpanishGovernmentissoworriedaboutthenumberofyoungadultsstilllivingwiththeirparentsthatithasdecidedtohelpthemleavethenest.
Around55percentofpeopleaged18-34inSpainstillsleepintheirparents'homes,saysthelatestreportfromthecountry'sstate-runInstituteofYouth.
Tocoax（劝诱）youngpeoplefromtheirhomes,theInstitutestarteda"YouthEmancipation（解放）"programthismonth.Theprogramoffersguidanceinfindingroomsandjobs.
Economistsblameyoungpeople'sfamilydependenceontheprecarious（不稳定的）labormarketandincreasinghousingprices.Housingpriceshaverisen17percentayearsince2000.
Culturalreasonsalsocontributetotheproblem,saysociologists（社会学家）.FamilytiesinsouthEurope-Italy,PortugalandGreece-arestrongerthanthoseinmiddleandnorthEurope,saidSpanishsociologistAlmudenaMorenoMinguezinherreport"TheLateEmancipationofSpanishYouth:
KeyforUnderstanding".
"Ingeneral,youngpeopleinSpainfirmlybelieveinthefamilyasthemainbodyaroundwhichtheirprivatelifeisorganized,"saidMinguez.
InSpain-especiallyinthecountryside,itisnotuncommontofindentiregroupsofaunts,uncles,cousins,niecesandnephews（外侄/侄子）alllivingonthesamestreet.TheyregularlygettogetherforSundaydinner.
Parents'toleranceisanotherfactor.Spanishparentsacceptlate-nightpartyingandarewaryofsettingbedtimerules.
"Achildcanarrivehomeatwhatevertimehewants.Ifparentscomplainhe'llputupafightandcallthefatherafascist,"saidJoseAntonioGomezYanez,asociologistatCarlosIIIUniversityinMadrid.
Mothers'willingnesstodochildren'shouseholdchores（家务）worsenstheproblem.DionisioMasso,a60-year-oldinMadrid,hasthreechildrenintheir20s.Theeldest,28,hasagirlfriendandajob.Butlifewithmumisgood.
"Hismumdoesthewashandcooksforhim:
intheend.heliveswell."Massosaid.
31 The"YouthEmancipation"programaimsathelpingyoungpeople
A liveinanindependentway.
B fightforfreedom.
C fightagainstsocialinj
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