四级真题答案与解析.docx
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四级真题答案与解析
备注:
由于是从方正转成文本文件,有的格式符号等发生变化!
2010年12月大学英语四级真题答案与解析
PartⅠWriting
参考范文:
HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?
MosttraditionalChinesefamilieshaveonlyonechild.Thus,parentsdevotealltheirresourcesandeffortstomakesurethattheirchildrensucceedintheirfuturelife.Manyparentstendtohelptheirchildrenmakedecisionsontheirpathoflife,includingeducation,career,andsometimes,evenmarriage.Youngpeople,therefore,becomemoreandmoredependentontheirparentswhenevertheyneedtomakedecisions.Mostofthemlacktheabilitytothinkforthemselves,andtoworkandliveindependently,andtheystillcountontheirparentstogeteverythingarrangedforthem.
Theabilitytobeindependentisthekeytotheirfuturesuccess,soparentsshouldseetoitthattheirchildrengrowindependentofthem.Theyshouldfirstteachthemthesenseofindependenceinsteadofmakingeverythingreadyforthem.AsanoldChinesesayinggoes,toteachfishingisbetterthantogivethefish.Parentsshouldhelptheirchildrentosolveproblemsbythemselves.Thus,childrenwillgraduallydevelopanabilitytodealwithdifficultiesindependently.Furthermore,parentsshouldurgetheirchildrentogooutsidemoreandfindthemselvesmorechancestoexperiencetheworldbythemselves.Mostimportantly,parentsshouldleavetheirchildrenmakingdecisionsindependently,offeringinstructionsandadviceswhennecessary.
Asenseofindependenceisthebasicqualityofaresponsibleadult.Chineseparentsshouldlearnfromwesterncounterpartsandurgetheirchildrentohavetheirownwayintheirlife.
PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)
篇章层次分析:
这是一篇“问题——剖析(引述研究结果)——解决方案”的说明文,讨论了如何使用返璞归真回归自然的“草根救治方式”解决儿童多动症、恃强凌弱等反常行为及人类与大自然失衡等问题。
全文共19段。
短文在第一段开宗明义提出主题“Mostofusspendourlivesseekingthenaturalworld...notonlydoweallneednature,butweallseeknature,...”,而后即在第二段通过转折词but引出问题—通过作者自身的童年回忆提出儿童教育成长中与自然脱节的问题(第二段),第三~六段引述各家研究结果概述问题及其解决方案。
第七段再以but转入问题的现状(第七~八段),第九~十段由点到面将问题推而广之,谈到了老年人的生活质量和犯罪及进攻性行为问题;然后再通过引述专家研究报告(第十一段)揭示解决问题的关键是环绕人和自然的关系的理念(idea)问题(第十二段),十三和十四段是对这个理念问题的展开和深入,以作为最后五个建议(第十五~十九段)的铺垫。
1.[解析]A)Peopleinstinctivelyseeknatureindifferentways题干之author’sprofoundbelief与短文第1段的It’smyprofoundbelief对应,其后的“notonlydoweallneednature,butweallseeknature,whetherweknowwearedoingornot(=“instinctively”)与选项A内容相吻。
2.[解析]D)Thingsthatarepurchased题干之nowadays与第二段第三句的“thesedays”对应;what...peoplepreferfortheirchildren指的是家长关于孩子成长的观念,答案隐含在childrenarerobbedoftheseancientfreedomdueto...oddnewperceptionsaboutwhatisbest(=preferred)forchildren,thatistosay,thingsthatcanbebought,ratherthanthingsthatcanbefound”.选项A显然和本句原意相悖,B和C明显和短文主题不一致。
3.[解析]B)Moreaccesstonaturemakeschildrenlesslikelytofallill由题干之astudyinSweden定位于短文第四段。
其中,kindergartenchildrenwhocouldplayinanaturalenvironmenthadlessillnessandgreaterphysicalabilitythanchildrenusedonlytoanormalplayground即为本题的答案依据。
4.[解析]D)arelesslikelytobeinvolvedinbullying根据题干之explorenaturalareas确定答案在第6段,该段讨论bullying和explorenature与tarmacplayground的关系。
第一句的第二分句即是答案依据:
theleastbullyingisinanaturalareathatthechildrenareencouragedtoexplore.
5.[解析]B)providemoregreenspacesforthem短文在第三段和第八段两次提到ADHD(儿童多动症),第三段是在引述对美国家庭搬迁新居其住房是否有自然景观的研究结果时提到ADHD的,第八段则具体谈到ADHD的治疗问题,故答案在第八段,作者的观点隐含在转折词Yet后的第二、第三句:
YetonestudyafteranotherindicatesthatcontactwithnaturegiveshugebenefitstoADHDchildren.However,wespendmoneyondrugsratherthanongreenplaces。
6.[解析]B)Theyenjoyalifeofbetterquality由题干之elderlypeople确定本题问及第九段要点,唯有该段提及老年人的生活质量和数量(qualityandquantity)与accesstonature及garden的关系。
本段第一句:
Thelifeofoldpeopleismeasurablybetterwhentheyhaveaccesstonature.即是本题答案依据。
7.[解析]C)accesstonaturecontributestothereductionofviolence题干之DrWilliamBird指向短文第十一段,本题问及其研究的内容,答案在该段的引语中“Anaturalenvironmentcanreduceviolentbehaviorbecauseitsrestorativeprocesshelpsreduceangerandimpulsivebehavior”。
8.[解析]separable题干之extremelyharmful对应于第十二段的“theerror...fartoodeep”和“profoundlydamaging”,答案见最后一句中的“...theveryideathathumanityandthenaturalworldareseparablethingsisprofoundlydamaging”。
9.[解析]thewildworld由题干之civilized确定本题答案在第十四段,题干之essential相当于该段排比句中的双重否定结构without...less...。
10.[解析]harmony题干中提到的fivesuggestions及短文最后五段的内容,答案就在该五段前的小标题中:
Fivewaystofindharmonywiththenaturalworld。
PartIIIListeningComprehension
SectionA
11.M:
Ohmygod!
Theheatissimplyunbearablehere!
Iwishwe’dgonetothebeachinstead.
W:
Well,withthemuseumsandrestaurantsinWashington,I’dbehappyherenomatterwhat
thetemperature.
Q:
Whatdoesthewomanmean?
12.M:
Howisthenewjobgoing?
W:
Well,I’mlearningalotofnewthings,butIwishthedirectorwouldgivemesomefeedback.
Q:
Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknow?
13.W:
Canyouhelpmeworkoutaphysicaltrainingprogram,John?
M:
Sure,butwhateveryoudo,becarefulnottooverdoit.LasttimeIhadtwoweekswiththeweightliftinginthreedaysandIhurtmyself.
Q:
Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?
14.M:
IhaveanelderlymotherandI’mworriedabouthergoingonaplane.Isthereanyrisk?
W:
Notifherheartisallright.Ifshehasaheartcondition,I’drecommendagainstit.
Q:
Whatdoesthemanwanttoknowabouthismother?
15.M:
Whydidn’tyoustopwhenwefirstsignaledyouatthecrossroads?
W:
Sorry,Iwasjustabitabsent-minded.Anyway,dowehavetopayafine?
Q:
Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?
16.M:
I’mnoexpert,butthatnoiseinyourrefrigeratordoesn’tsoundright.Maybeyoushouldhaveitfixed.
W:
You’reright.AndIsupposeI’veputitofflongenough.
Q:
Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?
17.M:
Ididextremelywellonthesaleofmydowntownapartment.NowIhaveenoughmoneytobuythatpieceoflandI’vehadmyeyeon,andbuildahouseonit.
W:
Congratulations!
Doesthatmeanyouwillbemovingsoon?
Q:
Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?
18.W:
Myhandstillhurtsfromthefallontheiceyesterday.IwonderifIbrokesomething.
M:
I’mnodoctor.Butit’snotblackandblueoranything.Maybeyoujustneedtorestitforafewdays.
Q:
Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?
11.[预测]应该参观博物馆还是去海滨或待在华盛顿?
天热难忍?
→旅游。
要点理解。
D)SheenjoysstayinginWashington.
12.[预测]新的责任、工作前景、顾客反馈、经理评价→女子与营销相关的新工作?
要点理解(虚拟语气)。
D)Thedirector’sopinionofherwork.
13.[预测]行为判断:
体能训练与饮食结合、三天练一次、避免训练过度、包括举重?
→体育训练?
要点归纳。
C)Avoidexcessivephysicaltraining.
14.[预测]她:
何时回家、何时痊愈?
是否能一个人走、是否能坐飞机?
→她生病?
他有疑问。
要点推论。
C)Whethershecantravelbyair.
15.[预测]女子:
知道如何对付警察、曾多次受罚、违反交通规则、善于找借口→女子违章驾驶、找借口对付交警。
关键词推论。
C)Thewomanhadviolatedtrafficregulations.
16.[预测]行为判断:
关掉冰箱、请男子或别人修冰箱、重新买冰箱→冰箱坏了:
修还是买?
行为推论。
Maybe,....是一种建议;Isuppose是一种判断。
B)Havesomeonerepairtherefrigerator.
17.[预测]他:
市内拥有土地、有钱买房、做梦寐以求之事、搬入大公寓房→梦寐以求之事应该与购房建房有关。
干扰项排除。
C)Hecanfinallydowhathehasdreamedof.
18.[预测]她:
浑身青一块紫一块、得看医生、几天不能工作、事故中受伤→她出事了。
要点理解判断。
D)Shegothurtinanaccidentyesterday.
ConversationOne
[预测]19.她的身份:
银行经理、辩护律师、抢劫案受害者或目击者→案情?
20.高个子黑发黑胡子、脸上有特别的标记、30岁穿淡色毛衣、带枪中等身材→罪犯特征?
21.行为判断:
根据照片确认嫌犯、上楼签文件、拍照、确认自己的录音→要她做什么?
→关于一起抢劫案和案情调查。
M:
Mrs.Darlson.Thanksverymuchforcomingdowntothestation.I’djustliketogooversomeofthethingsthatyoutoldthepoliceofficerPallaratthebank.
W:
Allright.
M:
Well,couldyoudescribethemanwhorobbedthebankforthisreportthatwe’refillingouthere?
Now,anythingatallyoucanrememberwouldbeextremelyhelpfultous.
W:
Well,just...IcanonlyrememberbasicallywhatIsaidbefore.
M:
That’sallright.
W:
Themanwastall,eh,sixfoot...andhehaddarkhairandhehadamoustache.
M:
Verygood.Allright,didhehaveanyotherdistinguishingmarks?
W:
Ehm,no,nonethatIcanremember.
M:
Doyourememberhowoldhewas,byanychance?
W:
Oh,well,Iguessaroundthirty,maybeyounger,giveortakeafewyears.
M:
Em....hm,allright.Doyourememberanythingaboutwhathewaswearing?
W:
Yes.Yes,hehadonadarksweater,a,asolidcolor.
M:
Ok.Um,anythingelsethatstruckyouatthemoment?
W:
Irememberhewaswearingalightshirtunderthesweater...yes,yes.
M:
Allright,Mrs.Darlson.Ireallyappreciatewhatyouhavebeenthroughtoday.I’mjustgoingtoaskyoutolookatsomephotographsbeforeyouleave,ifyoudon’tmind.Itwon’ttakeverylong.Canyoudothatforme?
W:
Oh,ofcourse.
W:
Wouldyouliketostepthiswaywithme,please?
W:
OK,sure.
M:
Thankyou!
Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
19.Whatdowelearnaboutthewoman?
要点归纳判断。
D)Shewasawitnesstothecrime.
20.Whatdidthesuspectlooklike?
要点定位理解。
A)Atallmanwithdarkhairandamoustache.
21.Whatdidthemanfinallyaskthewomantodo?
要点定位理解。
A)Identifythesuspectfrompictures.
Conversationtwo
[预测]22.行为方式:
通过阅读报纸或电视广告、通过听新闻电台、咨询就业服务中心?
→应聘广告→应聘?
23.她可以:
提高外语、在离家近的地方工作、经常出国、发挥经验特长→应聘理由?
24.行为判断:
上管理课程、大学教外语、当秘书、修法语学位→过去经历或工作性质?
25.行为:
在几天内准备面试,再次看广告了解详情,尽快呈送书面申请,在最后面试候选人名单上→讨论女子该如何做。
W:
Goodmorning,Iamcallingaboutthejobthatwasinthepaperlastnight.
M:
Well,couldyoutellmeyourname?
W:
CandidForsit.
M:
Oh,yes.Whatexactlyisitthatinterestsyouaboutthejob?
W:
Well,Ithoughtitwasjustrightforme.
M:
Really?
Em,couldyoutellmealittleaboutyourself?
W:
Yes.Iamtwenty-three.I’vebeenworkingabroad.
M:
Whereexactlyhaveyoubeenworking?
W:
InGeneva.
M:
Oh,Geneva.Andwhatwereyoudoingthere?
W:
Secretarialwork.Previoustothat,Iwasatuniversity.
M:
Whichuniversitywasthat?
W:
TheUniversityofManchester.IgotadegreeinEnglish.
M:
Yousaidyou’vebeenworkinginGeneva.Doyouhaveanyspecialreasonfor