浙江省七彩阳光联盟《高中英语阅读理解》单元测试题.docx
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浙江省七彩阳光联盟《高中英语阅读理解》单元测试题
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Sharkattacksnotonlydisturbbeachactivities,butcanaffectassociatedtouristindustries.Sharknetsareacommonsolutiontopreventingsharkattacksonbeaches,buttheycausedangerstoseaecosystems.
Seekingacost-effectivewaytomonitorbeachsafetyoverlargeareas,wehavedevelopedasystemcalledSharkSpotter.Itcombinesartificialintelligence(AI),computingpower,anddrone(无人机)technologytoidentifyandwarnlifesaverstosharksnearswimmers.TheprojectisacooperationbetweentheUniversityofTechnologySydneyandTheRipperGroup,whichispioneeringtheuseofdrones—called"WestpacLittleRipperLifesavers"—inthesearchandrescuemovementinAustralia.
SharkSpottercandetectsharksandotherpotentialthreatsusingreal-timeaerialimagery.Thesystemanalysesvideofromacameraattachedtoadronetomonitorbeachesforsharks,sendwarnings,andconductrescues.Developedwithtechniquesknownas"deeplearning",theSharkSpottersystemreceivesimageryfromthedronecameraandattemptstoidentifyallobjectsinthescene.Oncecertainobjectsaredetected,theyareputintooneof16categories:
shark,whale,dolphin,rays,differenttypesofboats,surfers,andswimmers.
Ifasharkisdetected,SharkSpotterprovidesbothavisualsignonthecomputerscreenandanaudiblewarningtotheoperator.TheoperatorconfirmsthewarningandsendstextmessagesfromtheSharkSpottersystemtotheSurfLifeSaversforfurtheraction.Inanemergency,thedroneisequippedwithalifesavingflotationpod(漂浮仓)togetherwithanelectronicsharkrepellent(驱逐装置)thatcanbedroppedintothewaterincaseswhereswimmersareinseveretrouble,trappedinarip,oriftherearesharkscloseby.
InJanuary2018,theWestpacLittleRipperLifesaverswasusedtorescuetwoyoungswimmerscaughtinaripatLennoxHead,NSW.Thedroneflewdownthebeachsome800metersfromthelifeguardstation,andalifesavingflotationpodwasdroppedfromthedrone.Thecompleterescueoperationtook70seconds.
WebelieveSharkSpotterisawin-winforbothmarinelifeandbeachgoers.ThisuniquetechnologycombinesdynamicvideoimageprocessingAIandadvanceddronetechnologytocreativelydealwiththeglobalchallengeofensuringsafebeaches,protectingenvironments,andpromotingtourism.
(1)ASharkSpotteris________.
A. asolutiontomonitorsharks
B. anequipmenttoidentifylifesavers
C. atechnologytopreventsharkattacks
D. aprojecttopioneertheuseofdrones
(2)Whenasharkisspottednearaswimmer,thesystemwill________.
A. taketimelyaction
B. analyzethevisualdata
C. classifytheidentifiedobjects
D. turnon"deeplearning"mode
(3)Theexampleinthe5thparagraphshowsusthatthesystemis________.
A. efficientinsavinglives
B. effectiveindetectingsharks
C. smartindrivingsharksaway
D. practicaloverthewholeseaarea
(4)Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureofSharkSpotter?
A.Doubtful.
B.Optimistic.
C.Negative.
D.Objective.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)A
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了一种旨在防止鲨鱼袭击的技术SharkSpotter的工作原理以及重要意义。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的”Ifasharkisdetected,SharkSpotterprovidesbothavisualsignonthecomputerscreenandanaudiblewarningtotheoperator.TheoperatorconfirmsthewarningandsendstextmessagesfromtheSharkSpottersystemtotheSurfLifeSaversforfurtheraction.“如果鲨鱼被发现,SharkSpotter会在电脑屏幕上显示视觉讯号,并向操作员发出听觉警告。
操作员确认了警告,并从鲨鱼观测者系统向冲浪救生员发送短信,以便采取进一步行动。
可推断出SharkSpotter是一种防止鲨鱼袭击的技术,故选C。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的”Inanemergency,thedroneisequippedwithalifesavingflotationpod(漂浮仓)togetherwithanelectronicsharkrepellent(驱逐装置)thatcanbedroppedintothewaterincaseswhereswimmersareinseveretrouble,trappedinarip,oriftherearesharkscloseby.“在紧急情况下,无人机配备了一个救生浮选舱和一个电子防鲨器,当游泳者遇到严重麻烦、被困在裂口或附近有鲨鱼时,可以将防鲨器放入水中。
可知当在游泳者附近发现鲨鱼时,系统会及时采取行动,故选A。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第五段”InJanuary2018,theWestpacLittleRipperLifesaverswasusedtorescuetwoyoungswimmerscaughtinaripatLennoxHead,NSW.Thedroneflewdownthebeachsome800metersfromthelifeguardstation,andalifesavingflotationpodwasdroppedfromthedrone.Thecompleterescueoperationtook70seconds.“2018年1月,西太平洋小开创者救生员队(WestpacLittleRipperLifesavers)被用来营救两名在新南威尔士州伦诺克斯海德(LennoxHead)被困的年轻游泳者。
这架无人机从距离救生站800米的海滩上飞下来,一个救生浮筒从无人机上掉了下来。
整个营救行动耗时70秒。
可推知第五段的例子告诉我们这个系统在拯救生命方面是有效的,故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的”WebelieveSharkSpotterisawin-winforbothmarinelifeandbeachgoers.“我们相信SharkSpotter对海洋生物和海滩游客来说都是双赢的。
可知作者对SharkSpotter的未来持乐观的态度。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Ispendhalfofmylifewithmymotherandtheotherhalfwithmyfather.Myfatherliveswithatwenty-poundcatnamedTofu.Hecallsmehisfavoritedaughter.Iamanonlychild.
Myfather'sapartmentisquitedifferentfromanyotherperson'slivingspace.Exceptformyroom,thereisnofurniture.Hedoesn'tlikesofasoranycomfortablechairs,sohehasonlyadrawingtable,adeskandhisbed.Hespendsalotoftimelyingonthestudiofloor.That'showhethinks,hesays.Thenhedoesyoga
Hehasabigkitchen,andontopoftherefrigeratorisanoldclockhewindseveryweekforgoodluck.Thelasttimetheclockstopped,myfather'scarwastowed(被警察拖走)andsomeotherterriblethingshappened,sohehasbecomeverysuperstitious(迷信的).Whenhegoesoutoftown,hehiressomeonetofeedTofuandwindtheclocksoitwon'tstop.
Theonethinghehasplentyofishouserules.Youhavetotakeoffyourshoeswhenyoucomein.Hewon'tallowanyonewhowearsabaseballcapintohishouse.Hesaysonlybaseballplayersshouldwearbaseballcapsandonlythecatchersshouldwearthembackward.EverytimeIgotostayinhishouse,hemakesupanewrule."Houserulenumber579,notelevisionprogramswithlaughtracks!
"hewillsay.Butthenbecanneverrememberthenumbers,sotheychangeconstantly.
Therulethathealwaysenforcesistheonethatrequiresmetowriteatwo-pageessayanytimeIwantsomething.Hedidn'tspeakEnglishuntilhewassixteen,andhehadahardtimelearningtowriteit,sohewantsmetobecomeagoodwriteratanearlyage.Thisritual(仪式)startedwhenIaskedhimifIcouldhavemyearspiercedwhenIwasnine.HesaiditwasverycruelandtoldmeIcouldn'tdoituntilIwasthirty-five.Butlkeptaskinghim,andhefinallysaidthatifIwroteanessayandIcouldpersuadehiminwritingwhyIwantedholesinmyears,maybehewouldsayokay.Iwrotemyfirstessayformyfather,andafteronemonthofwritingandrewriting,hefinallygavemehispermission.
(1)Whatisunusualaboutthefather'sapartment?
A.Ithasalargekitchen.
B.Thefatherdoesyogaathome.
C.Itisscarcelyfurnished.
D.Thefatherspendsalotoftimeonthefloor.
(2)Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthehouserules?
A.SomeoneishiredtofeedTofu.
B.Youcan'twearshoesinthehouse.
C.Baseballplayersarenotallowedintotheapartment.
D.Thewritercan'twatchtelevisionprogramsintheapartment.
(3)WhichofthesestatementsabouttheclockisTRUE?
A.Itisnotanautomaticone.
B.Herfatherdoesn'tliketheclock.
C.Itcanbringgoodlucktothem.
D.Someoneishiredtowinditeveryweek.
(4)Wecaninferthatthewriter'sfather____.
A.wasafamouswriter
B.wasbornintheUnitedStates
C.wasacaringandstrictfather
D.speaksmorethanonelanguage
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)A
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了自己父亲的生活以及处事原则。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Myfather'sapartmentisquitedifferentfromanyotherperson'slivingspace.Exceptformyroom,thereisnofurniture.”我父亲的公寓和其他人的生活空间大不相同。
除了我的房间,没有家具。
可知,我父亲公寓的不同寻常之处在于房间里几乎没有家具,故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的'Youhavetotakeoffyourshoeswhenyoucomein."你进来时必须把鞋脱掉。
可知“不能在家里穿鞋”是房屋规则之一,故选B。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“Whenhegoesoutoftown,hehiressomeonetofeedTofuandwindtheclocksoitwon'tstop.”当他出城的时候,他雇人喂Tofu,给钟上弦,这样钟就不会停了。
可知选A。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Hedidn'tspeakEnglishuntilhewassixteen,andhehadahardtimelearningtowriteit,sohewantsmetobecomeagoodwriteratanearlyage.”他直到16岁才会说英语,而且他很难学会写英语,所以他希望我在很小的时候就成为一名优秀的作家。
可推断出,作者的父亲会说不止一种语言,故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Formanyparents,raisingateenagerislikefightingalongwar,butyearsgobywithoutanyclearwinner.Likeaborderconflictbetweenneighboringcountries,theparent-teenwarisaboutboundaries:
WhereisthelinebetweenwhatIcontrolandwhatyoudo?
Bothsideswantpeace,butneitherfeelsithasanypowertostoptheconflict.Inpart,thisisbecauseneitheriswillingtoadmitanyresponsibilityforstartingit.Fromtheparents'pointofview,theonlycauseoftheirfightistheiradolescents'completeunreasonableness.Andofcourse,theteensseeitinexactlythesameway,exceptoppositely.Bothfeeltrapped.
Inthisarticle,I'lldescribethreeno-winsituationsthatcommonlyarisebetweenteensandparentsandthensuggestsomewaysoutofthetrap.Thefirstno-winsituationisquarrelonunimportantthings.Examplesincludethecoloroftheteen'shair,thecleannessofthebedroom,thepreferredstyleofclothing,thechild'sfailuretoeatagoodbreakfastbeforeschool,orhistendencytosleepuntilnoonontheweekends.Second,blaming.Thegoalofablamingbattleistomaketheotheradmitthathisbadattitudeisthereasonwhyeverythinggoeswrong.Third,needingtoberight.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatthetopicis—politics,thelawsofphysics,ortheproperwaytobreakanegg—the