英语四级真题和答案第二套.docx

英语四级真题和答案第二套.docx

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英语四级真题和答案第二套

2017年12月英语四级【第二套】真题和答案完整版

PartI?

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Writing?

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（30minutes）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonhowtobesthandletherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildren.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

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低级拿分版

Nowadays,therehasbeenaheateddiscussionastotherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildren.Viewsonthetopicvarygreatlyamongpeoplefromdifferentwalksoflife.Somebelievethatparentsshouldspendmoretimewiththeirchildren,butothersconsideritbettertoaskchildrentoshowmoreunderstandingtowardstheirparents.

Ononehand,Iagreewiththeideathataschildren,weshouldshowmoreunderstandingandappreciatetheloveandlifeourparentshaveprovideduswith.Therefore,wecouldhelpourparentsathome,say,sharesomeofthehousework.Furthermore,wecouldalsotellthem“Iloveyou”everydaytothankthem.Ontheotherhand,workingparentsarebusyandhavegreatpressure,soitislikelythattheyneglecttheirkids.Hence,toimprovetheirrelationship,parentscouldsitdownandtalkwiththeirchildren,listentotheirproblems,helpthemandrespectthem.?

However,frommyperspective,thisisnotoneman’sjob.Bothparentsandchildrenshouldworktounderstandeachother.Thus,itiscrucialtohaveeffectivecommunication.Onlyinthiswaycantherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenbeimproved!

阅读部分

PartIII?

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ReadingComprehension?

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（40minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

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Weallknowthereexistsagreatvoid（空白）inthepubliceducationalsystemwhenitcomesto?

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toSTEM（Science,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics）courses.OneeducatornamedDoriRobertsdecidedtodosomethingtochangethissystem.Doritaughthighschoolengineeringfor11years.ShenoticedtherewasarealvoidinqualitySTEMeducationatall?

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ofthepubliceducationalsystem.Shesaid,“IstartedEngineeringForKids（EFK）afternoticingareallackofmath,scienceandengineeringprogramsto?

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myownkidsin.”

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Shedecidedtostartanafterschoolprogramwherechildren?

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inSTEM-basedcompetitions.Theclubgrewquicklyandwhenitreached180membersandthekidsintheprogramwonseveralstate?

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shedecidedtodevoteallhertimetocultivatingand?

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it.TheglobalbusinessEFKwasborn.

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DoribeganoperatingEFKoutofherVirginiahome,whichshethenexpandedto?

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recreationcenters.Today,theEFKprogram?

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over144branchesin32stateswithintheUnitedStatesandin21countries.Saleshavedoubledfrom$5millionin2014to$10millionin2015,with25newbranchesplannedfor2016.TheEFKwebsitestates,“Ournationisnot?

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enoughengineers.Ourphilosophyistoinspirekidsatayoungagetounderstandthatengineeringisagreat?

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答案：

26.G）exposure

27.L）levels

28.F）enroll

29.O）participated

30.C）championships

31.E）developing

32.M）local

33.N）operates

34.J）graduating

35.B）career?

SectionB

Direction:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2.

Whyaren’tyoucuriousaboutwhathappened

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“YoususpendedRayRiceafterourvideo,”areporterfromTMZchallengedNationalFootballLeagueCommissionerRogerGoodelltheotherday.”Whydidn’tyouhavethecuriositytogotothecasino（赌场）yourself”Theimplicationofthequestionisthatamorecuriouscommissionerwouldhavefoundawaytogetthetape.

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Theaccusationofincuriosityisonethatwehearoften,carryingthesuggestionthatthereissomethingwrongwithnotwantingtosearchoutthetruth.“Ihavebeenbotheredforalongtimeaboutthecuriouslackofcuriosity,”saidaDemocraticmemberoftheNewJerseylegislaturebackinJuly,referringtoaninsufficientlyinquiringattitudeonthepartofanassistanttoNewJerseyGovernorChrisChristiewhochosenottoaskhardquestionsabouttheGeorgeWashingtonBridgetrafficscandal.“Isn’tthemainstreammediatheleastbitcuriousaboutwhathappened”wroteconservativewriterJenniferRubinearlierthisyear,referringtotheattackonAmericansinBenghazi,Libya.

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Theimplication,ineachcase,isthatcuriosityisagoodthing,andalackofcuriosityisaproblem.Aresuchaccusationssimplyeffortstoscorepoliticalpointsforone’spartyOristheresomethingofparticularvalueaboutcuriosityinandofitself

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ThejournalistIanLeslie,inhisnewandenjoyablebookCurious:

TheDesiretoKnowandWhyYourFutureDependsonIt,insiststhattheanswertothatlastquestionis“Yes”.Lesliearguesthatcuriosityisamuch-overlookedhumanvirtue,crucialtooursuccess,andthatwearelosingit.

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Wearesuffering,hewrites,froma“serendipitydeficit.”Theword“serendipity”wascoinedbyHoraceWalpoleinan1854letter,fromataleofthreeprinceswho“werealwaysmakingdiscoveries,byaccident,ofthingstheywerenotinsearchof.”LeslieworriesthattheriseoftheInternet,amongothersocialandtechnologicalchanges,hasreducedourappetiteforaimlessadventures.Nolongerhavewetheinclinationtoletourselveswanderthroughfieldsofknowledge,readytobesurprised.Instead,weseekonlytheinformationwewant.?

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WhyisthisaproblemBecausewithoutcuriositywewilllosethespiritofinnovationandentrepreneurship.Wewillseeunimaginativegovernmentsanddyingcorporationsmakedisastrousdecisions.Wewillloseavitalpartofwhathasmadehumanityasawholesosuccessfulasaspecies.

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Lesliepresentsconsiderableevidenceforthepropositionthatthesocietyasawholeisgrowinglesscurious.IntheU.S.andEurope,forexample,theriseoftheInternethasledtoadecliningconsumptionofnewsfromoutsidethereader’sborders.Butnoteverythingistobeblamedontechnology.ThedeclineininterestinliteraryfictionisalsooneofthecausesidentifiedbyLeslie.Readingliteraryfiction,hesays,makeusmorecurious.

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Moreover,inordertobecurious,”youhavetoawareofagapinyourknowledgeinthefirstplace.”AlthoughLeslieperhapspaintsabitbroadlyincontendingthatmostofusareunawareofhowmuchwedon’tknow,he’ssurelyrighttopointoutthattheproblemisgrowing:

”Googlecangiveusthepowerfulillusionthatallquestionshavedefiniteanswers.”

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Indeed,Google,forwhichLeslieexpressesadmiration,isalsohisfrequentwhippingboy（替罪羊）.HequotesGoogleco-founderLarryPagetotheeffectthatthe“perfectsearchengine”will“understandexactlywhatImeanandgivemebackexactlywhatIwant.”Elsewhereinthebook.?

Lesliewrites：

“Googleaimstosaveyoufromthethirstofcuriosityaltogether.”

J）?

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Somewhatnostalgically（怀旧地），hequoteJohnMaynardKeynes’sjustlyfamouswordsofpraisetothebookstore:

”Oneshouldenteritvaguely,almostinadream,andallowwhatistherefreelytoattractandinfluencetheeye.Towalktheroundsofthebookshops,dippinginascuriositydictates,shouldbeanafternoon’sentertainment.”Ifonly!

K）?

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Citingtheworkofpsychologistsandcognitive（认知的）scientists,Lesliecriticizesthereceivedwisdomthatacademicsuccessistheresultofacombinationofintellectualtalentandhardwork.Curiosity,heargues,isthethirdkeyfactor—andadifficultonetopreserve.Ifnotcultivated,itwillnotsurvive：

“Childhoodcuriosityisacollaborationbetweenchildandadult.Thesurestwaytokillitistoleaveitalone.”

L）?

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Schooleducation,hewarns,isoftenconductedinawaythatmakeschildrenincurious.Childrenofeducatedandupper-middle-classparentsturnouttobefarmorecurious,evenatearlyages,thanchildrenofworkingclassandlowerclassfamilies.Thatlackofcuriosityproducesarelativelackofknowledge,andthelackofknowledgeisdifficultifnotimpossibletocompensateforlateron.

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AlthoughLeslie’sbookisn’taboutpolitics,hedoesn’tentirelyshyawayfromtheproblem.Politicalleaders,likeleadersofotherorganizations,shouldbecurious.Theyshouldaskquestionsatcrucialmoments.Thereareseriousconsequences,hewarns,innotwantingtoknow.

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HepresentsasanexamplethefailureoftheGeogreW.Bushadministrationtoprepareproperlyfortheafter-effectsoftheinvasionofIraq.AccordingtoLeslie,thosewhoridiculedformerDefenseSecretaryDonaldRumsfeldforhis2002remarkthatwehavetobewaryofthe“unknownunknowns”weremistaken.Rumsfeld’sidea,Lesliewrites,“wasn'tabsurd—itwassmart.”Headds,“Thetragedyisthathedidn'tfollowhisownadvice.”

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AllofwhichbringsusbacktoGoodellandtheChristiecaseandBenghazi.Eachcriticinthoseexamplesischarging,inadifferentway,thatsomeoneinauthorityisintentionallybeingincurious.Ileaveittothereader'spoliticalpreferencetodecidewhich,ifany,chargesshouldstick.Butlet’sbecarefulaboutdemandingcuriosityabouttheotherside’sweaknessesandremainingdeterminedlyincuriousabo