英语版软件工程复习题.docx

英语版软件工程复习题.docx

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英语版软件工程复习题

natureofsoftwareapplicationscanbecharacterizedbytheirinformation（）

a.complexity

b.content

c.determinacy

d.choices"b"and"c"

2.Modernsoftwareapplicationsaresocomplexthatitishardtodevelopmutuallyexclusivecategorynames.（）

a.True

b.False

3.Softwaredeveloperssucceedmoreoftenthantheyfail,butsoftwarefailuresreceivemorepresscoverage.（）

a.True

b.False

4.Addingmorepeopletoaprojectthatisalreadybehindscheduleisagoodwaytocatchup.（）

a.True

b.False

5.ModernCASEtoolsaremoreimportantthanthenewesthardwareforachievinggoodsoftwarequalityandproductivity.（）

a.True

b.False

6.Changecannotbeeasilyaccommodatedinmostsoftwaresystems,unlessasystemwasdesignedwithchangeinmind.（）

a.True

b.False

7.Ageneralstatementofobjectivesisallthatisneededtobegindevelopingapieceofsoftware.（）

a.True

b.False

8.Theformaltechnicalreviewisaninadequatesubstitutefortestingregardlessofnatureofthesoftwaredefect.（）

a.True

b.False

9.Whatdopeoplemeanbytheexpression"softwarecrisis"

Answer:

Thisexpressionisintendedtodescribethechronicproblemsassociatedwithsoftwarefailures,howsoftwareisdeveloped,howthegrowingvolumeofsoftwareissupported,andthedifficultiesinmeetingthegrowingdemandformoresoftware.

10.Explainwhatiswrongwiththenotionthatsoftwareengineeringistootimeconsumingandinterfereswithaprogrammer'sproductivity.

Answer:

Producingalotofcodequicklyisnottheobjectofsoftwaredevelopment.Thesoftwareneedstoperformcorrectlyoritwillneedtoberewritten.Mostsoftwareproductsmustbemaintainedformanyyearsaftertheyaredeveloped,thetimespentdocumentingaprogramandplanningforchangesiseasilyjustifiedovertheproduct'slifetime.Studieshaveshownthelaterachangeisintroducedinthedevelopmentprocess,themorecostlyitistoimplement.

11.Whichoftheitemslistedbelowisnotoneofthesoftwareengineeringlayers（）

a.Process

b.Manufacturing

c.Methods

d.Tools

12.Whatarethethreegenericphasesofsoftwareengineering（）

a.definition,development,support

b.what,how,where

c.programming,debugging,maintenance

d.analysis,design,testing

13.WhichofthesetermsisalevelnameintheCapabilityMaturityModel（）

a.Adhoc

b.Repeatable

c.Reusable

d.Organized

CMM。

它是对于软件组织在定义、实施、度量、控制和改善其软件过程的实践中各个发展阶段的描述。

CMM的核心是把软件开发视为一个过程，并根据这一原则对软件开发和维护进行过程监控和研究，以使其更加科学化、标准化、使企业能够更好地实现商业目标。

CMM分为五个等级：

一级为初始级，二级为可重复级，三级为已定义级，四级为已管理级，五级为优化级。

14.Whichoftheseitemsshouldbeusedtoselectasoftwareprocessframework（）

a.People

b.Product

c.Project

d.Alloftheabove

15.Inwhichsoftwaredevelopmentproblemsolvingstagearetheresultsdelivered（）

a.Statusquo

b.Problemdefinition

c.Technicaldevelopment

d.Solutionintegration

16.Thelinearsequentialmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentis（）

a.Areasonableapproachwhenrequirementsarewelldefined.

b.Agoodapproachwhenaworkingprogramisrequiredquickly.

c.Thebestapproachtouseforprojectswithlargedevelopmentteams.

d.Anoldfashionedmodelthatisrarelyusedanymore.

17.Thelinearsequentialmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentisalsoknownasthe（）

a.Classicallifecyclemodel

b.Fountainmodel

c.Spiralmodel

d.Chaosmodel

18.Theprototypingmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentis（）

a.Areasonableapproachwhenrequirementsarewelldefined.

b.Ausefulapproachwhenacustomercannotdefinerequirementsclearly.

c.Thebestapproachtouseforprojectswithlargedevelopmentteams.

d.Ariskymodelthatrarelyproducesameaningfulproduct.

19.Therapidapplicationdevelopmentmodelis（）

a.Anothernameforcomponent-baseddevelopment.

b.Ausefulapproachwhenacustomercannotdefinerequirementsclearly.

c.Ahighspeedadaptationofthelinearsequentialmodel.

d.Alloftheabove.

20.Evolutionarysoftwareprocessmodels（）

a.Areiterativeinnature

b.Caneasilyaccommodateproductrequirementschanges

c.Donotgenerallyproducethrowawaysystems

d.Alloftheabove

21.Theincrementalmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentis（）

a.Areasonableapproachwhenrequirementsarewelldefined.

b.Agoodapproachwhenaworkingcoreproductisrequiredquickly.

c.Thebestapproachtouseforprojectswithlargedevelopmentteams.

d.Arevolutionarymodelthatisnotusedforcommercialproducts.

22.Thespiralmodelofsoftwaredevelopment（）

a.Endswiththedeliveryofthesoftwareproduct

b.Ismorechaoticthantheincrementalmodel

c.Includesprojectrisksevaluationduringeachiteration

d.Alloftheabove

23.Theconcurrentdevelopmentmodelis（）

a.Anothernamefortherapidapplicationdevelopmentmodel.

b.Oftenusedforthedevelopmentofclient/serverapplications.

c.Onlyusedfordevelopmentofparallelordistributedsystems.

d.Usedwheneveralargenumberofchangerequestsareanticipated.

24.Thecomponent-baseddevelopmentmodelis（）

a.Onlyappropriateforcomputerhardwaredesign.

b.Notabletosupportthedevelopmentofreusablecomponents.

c.Dependentonobjecttechnologiesforsupport.

d.Notcosteffectivebyknownquantifiablesoftwaremetrics.

25.Describethephasesoftheprototypingmodelforsoftwaredevelopment

Answer:

Requirementsaregatheredbyhavingthecustomeranddevelopermeetandidentifywhateverobjectivesandrequirementstheycan.Quickdesignfollows,focusingonrepresentationofthesoftwarethatwillbevisibletothecustomer.Aprototypeisconstructedbythedeveloperandevaluatedbythecustomerandusedtorefinetherequirements.Iterationoccursandtheprototypeistunedtosatisfythecustomer'sneeds.

26.Describetheroleofriskanalysisinevolutionaryprocessmodelslikethespiralmodel.

Answer:

Aseachprototypeisenhancedbyiterationthroughtheprocesssteps,boththetechnicalandmanagementrisksareassessedtoseeifitisstillpossibletocompetetheprojectwhichitsrequiredfunctionalitywithacceptabletimeandcostconstraints.

27.Effectivesoftwareprojectmanagementfocuseson（）

a.people,performance,payoff,product

b.people,product,performance,process

c.people,product,process,project

d.people,process,payoff,product

28.Thefirststepinprojectplanningisto（）

a.determinethebudget.

b.selectateamorganizationalmodel.

c.determinetheprojectconstraints.

d.establishtheobjectivesandscope.

29.Processframeworkactivitiesarepopulatedwith（

a.milestones

b.workproducts

c.QApoints

d.Alloftheabove

30.Whichfactoristheleastimportantwhenchoosingtheorganizationalstructureforasoftwareteam（）

a.degreeofcommunicationdesired

b.predictedsizeoftheresultingprogram

c.rigidityofthedeliverydate

d.sizeoftheprojectbudget

31.Oneofthebestwaystoavoidfrustrationduringthesoftwaredevelopmentprocessisto（）

a.giveteammembersmorecontroloverprocessandtechnicaldecisions.

b.giveteammemberslesscontroloverprocessandtechnicaldecisions.

c.hidebadnewsfromtheprojectteammembersuntilthingsimprove.

d.rewardprogrammersbasedontheirproductivity.

32.Whichofthesesoftwarecharacteristicsisnotafactorcontributingtoprojectcoordinationdifficulties

a.interoperability

b.performance

c.scale

d.uncertainty

33.Whichofthesesoftwarecharacteristicsareusedtodeterminethescopeofasoftwareproject（

a.context,linesofcode,function

b.context,function,communicationrequirements

c.informationobjectives,function,performance

d.communicationsrequirements,performance,informationobjectives

34.Whatactivitydoesasoftwareprojectmanagerneedtoperformtominimizetheriskofsoftwarefailure

a.doubletheprojectteamsize

b.requestalargebudget

c.allowabsolutelynoscheduleslippage

d.definemilestonesandtrackprogress

35.Whichoftheseisnotavalidreasonformeasuringsoftwareprocesses,products,andresources

a.tocharacterizethem

b.toevaluatethem

c.topricethem

d.toimprovethem

36.Processindicatorsenableasoftwareprojectmanagerto

a.assessthestatusofanon-goingproject

b.trackpotentialrisks

c.adjustworkflowortasks

d.alloftheabove

37.Whichofthefollowingitemsarenotmeasuredbysoftwareprojectmetrics

a.inputs

b.markets

c.outputs

d.results

38.Whichofthefollowingsoftwarequalityfactorsismostlikelytoaffectedbyradicalchangestocomputingarchitectures

a.operation

b.transition

c.revision

d.noneoftheabove

39.Whichofthefollowingprovideusefulmeasuresofsoftwarequality

a.correctness,performance,integrity,usability

b.reliability,maintainability,integrity,sales

c.correctness,maintainability,size,satisfaction

d.correctness,maintainability,integrity,usability

40.Tobeaneffectiveaidinprocessimprovementthebaselinedatausedmustbe:

a.basedonreasonableguesstimatesfrompastprojects

b.measuredconsistentlyacrosssimilarprojects

c.collectedoverthepast6months

d.basedonallpreviouslycompletedprojects

41.Thesoftwareengineeringenvironment（SEE）consistsofwhichofthefollowing

a.customersandusers

b.developersandmanagers

c.hardwareplatformsandsoftwaretools

d.noneoftheabove

42.LOC-basedestimationtechniquesrequireproblemdecompositionbasedon

a.informationdomainvalues

b.projectschedule

c.softwarefunctions

d.processactivities

43.FP-basedestimationtechniquesrequireproblem