75fd869e2090f3f2f1cadd93c573c644.docx

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75fd869e2090f3f2f1cadd93c573c644.docx

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75fd869e2090f3f2f1cadd93c573c644.docx

第二章

1.

(1)

t=0:

0.01:

5;

y=2*cos(3*t+pi/4);

plot(t,y)

gridon

xlabel('t'),ylabel('y')

title('y=2*cos(3*t+pi/4)')

axis([05-2.52.5]);

(2)

t=-1:

0.01:

5;

y=(2-exp(-t)).*(t>=0);

plot(t,y)

gridon

xlabel('t'),ylabel('y')

title('y=(2-exp(-t))*(t>=0)')

axis([-15-0.52.5]);

(3)

t=-1:

0.01:

5;

y=t.*((t>=0)-((t-1)>=0));

plot(t,y)

gridon

xlabel('t'),ylabel('y')

title('y=t.*((t>=0)-((t-1)>=0))')

axis([-15-0.51.5]);

(4)

t=-1:

0.01:

5;

y=(1+cos(pi*t)).*((t>=0)-((t-2)>=0));

plot(t,y)

gridon

xlabel('t'),ylabel('y')

title('y=(1+cos(pi*t)).*((t>=0)-((t-2)>=0))')

axis([-15-0.52.5]);

2.

(1)

t=-4:

0.01:

10;

a=pi/4;

b=pi/2;

y=2+exp((a*i)*t)+exp((b*i)*t);

subplot(2,2,1);plot(t,real(y));title('实部');axis([-41004.5]);gridon;

subplot(2,2,2);plot(t,imag(y));title('虚部');axis([-410-34]);gridon;

subplot(2,2,3);plot(t,abs(y));title('模');axis([-41004.5]);gridon;

subplot(2,2,4);plot(t,angle(y));title('相角');axis([-410-1.51]);gridon;

(2)

t=-4:

0.01:

10;

k=2;

b=pi/4;

y=k*exp((t+b*i)*i);

subplot(2,2,1);plot(t,real(y));title('实部');axis([-410-22]);gridon;

subplot(2,2,2);plot(t,imag(y));title('虚部');axis([-410-34]);gridon;

subplot(2,2,3);plot(t,abs(y));title('模');axis([-41002]);gridon;

subplot(2,2,4);plot(t,angle(y));title('相角');axis([-410-44]);gridon;

3.

P=2*pi;

t=0:

0.01:

5;

y=square(P*t,50);

plot(t,y)

gridon;

axis([06-21.5]);

title('幅度为1、周期为1,、占空比为0.5的周期矩形脉冲信号')

第三章

1.

(1)

t=0:

0.01:

5;

y=exp(-t).*sin(10*pi*t)+exp(-1/2*t).*sin(9*pi*t);

plot(t,y)

gridon;

title('y=exp(-t).*sin(10*pi*t)+exp(-1/2*t).*sin(9*pi*t)')

axis([05-22])

(2)

t=0:

0.01:

5;

y=sinc(t).*cos(10*pi*t);

plot(t,y)

gridon;

title('y=sinc(t).*cos(10*pi*t)')

axis([05-1.51.5])

2.

定义一个函数

function[f]=fun(t)

f=(t+1).*(heaviside(t+2)-heaviside(t+1))+heaviside(t+1)+heaviside(t)-heaviside(t-1)-heaviside(t-2)+(1-t).*(heaviside(t-1)-heaviside(t-2));

end

调用这个函数

t=-2:

0.01:

6;

f1=fun(t-1);

f2=fun(2-t);

f3=fun(2*t+1);

f4=fun(4-t/2);

f5=(fun(t)+fun(-t)).*(t>=0);

subplot(231);plot(t,f1);title('f(t-1)');axis([-26-24]);gridon

subplot(232);plot(t,f2);title('f(2-t)');axis([-26-24]);gridon;

subplot(233);plot(t,f3);title('f(2t+1)');axis([-34-24]);gridon;

subplot(234);plot(t,f4);title('f(4-t/2)');axis([-18-24]);gridon;

subplot(235);plot(t,f5);title('(f(t)+f(-t))u(t)');axis([-35-24]);gridon;

3.

t=0:

0.01:

3;

f=(heaviside(t)-heaviside(t-2)).*(1-t);

f1=fliplr(f);

fe=(f+f1)/2;

fo=(f-f1)/2;

subplot(1,2,1);plot(t,fe);title('fe');gridon;

subplot(1,2,2);plot(t,fo);title('fo');gridon;

第四章

1.

dt=0.001;t=-1:

dt:

3.5;

xt1=heaviside(t)-heaviside(t-2);

xt2=heaviside(t)+heaviside(t-1)-heaviside(t-2)-heaviside(t-3);

f=conv(xt1,xt2)*dt;

n=length(f);

tt=(0:

n-1)*dt-2;

plot(tt,f);gridon

第五章.

1.

(1)

dt=0.01;t=0:

dt:

4;

f=heaviside(t);

sys=tf([1],[1,4,3]);

y=lsim(sys,f,t);

plot(t,y),gridon

xlabel('t'),ylabel('y(t)')

title('零状态响应')

(2).

dt=0.01;t=0:

dt:

4;

f=exp(-t).*heaviside(t);

sys=tf([1,3],[1,4,4]);

y=lsim(sys,f,t);

plot(t,y),gridon

xlabel('t'),ylabel('y(t)')

title('零状态响应')

2.

(1)

t=0:

0.001:

4;

sys=tf([1],[1,3,2]);

h=impulse(sys,t);

g=step(sys,t);

subplot(1,2,1);plot(t,h);xlabel('t'),ylabel('h(t)');title('冲激响应');gridon

subplot(1,2,2);plot(t,g);xlabel('t'),ylabel('g(t)');title('阶跃响应');gridon

(2)

t=0:

0.001:

4;

sys=tf([1,0],[1,2,2]);

h=impulse(sys,t);

g=step(sys,t);

subplot(1,2,1);plot(t,h);xlabel('t'),ylabel('h(t)');title('冲激响应');gridon

subplot(1,2,2);plot(t,g);xlabel('t'),ylabel('g(t)');title('阶跃响应');gridon

第六章

1

T=2

所以函数傅里叶级数为

fx=12+4π2(cosπt+132cos3πt+152cos5πt+….)

注意:

以下代码需在MATLAB中运行才有多个图,在Word里运行只有一个图

t=-5:

0.001:

5;

omega=pi;

y=1/2+1/2*sawtooth(2*pi*1/2*(t+1),0.5);

plot(t,y);axis([-5,5,-0.3,1.1]);gridon;xlabel('t'),ylabel('y');title('周期三角波的信号')

n_max=[135913];

N=length(n_max);

fork=1:

N

n=1:

2:

n_max(k);

b=4./(pi*pi*n.*n);

x=1/2+b*cos(omega*n'*t);

figure;

plot(t,y);

holdon;

plot(t,x);

holdoff;

xlabel('t'),ylabel('部分和的波形')

axis([-5,5,-0.3,1.1]),gridon

title(['最大谐波数=',num2str(n_max(k))])

end

2

r代表宽度,T代表周期

三角信号的傅里叶系数为A*Sa(2*pi/T)

n=-30:

30;T=2;w1=2*pi/T;

f=sinc(n*pi);

subplot(311);stem(n*w1,f);axis([-2020-12]);gridon;title('r=T=2')

n=-30:

30;T=8;w1=2*pi/T;

f=sinc(n*pi);

subplot(312);stem(n*w1,f);axis([-2020-12]);gridon;title('r=T=8')

n=-30:

30;T=16;w1=2*pi/T;

f=sinc(n*pi);

subplot(313);stem(n*w1,f);axis([-2020-12]);gridon;title('r=T=16')

第七章

1.

(1)

f=sym('sin(2*pi*(t-1))/(pi*(t-1))');

Fw=simplify(fourier(f));

subplot(2,1,1);ezplot(abs(Fw));gridon;axis([-44-12]);title('幅度谱')

phase=atan(imag(Fw)/real(Fw));

subplot(2,1,2);ezplot(phase);gridon;title('相位谱')

警告:

Supportofcharactervectorsthatarenotvalidvariablenamesordefineanumberwillberemovedinafuturerelease.Tocreatesymbolicexpressions,firstcreatesymbolicvariablesandthenuseoperationsonthem.

>Insym>convertExpression(line1559)

Insym>convertChar(line1464)

Insym>tomupad(line1216)

Insym(line179)

Fw

Fw=

-exp(-w*1i)*(heaviside(w-2*pi)-heaviside(w+2*pi))

(2)

fs=sinc(pi*t);

f=sym('fs^2');

Fw=simplify(fourier(f))

subplot(2,1,1);ezplot(abs(Fw));gridon;axis([-44-12]);title('幅度谱')

phase=atan(imag(Fw)/real(Fw));

subplot(2,1,2);ezplot(phase);gridon;title('相位谱')

警告:

Supportofcharactervectorsthatarenotvalidvariablenamesordefineanumberwillberemovedinafuturerelease.Tocreatesymbolicexpressions,firstcreatesymbolicvariablesandthenuseoperationsonthem.

>Insym>convertExpression(line1559)

Insym>convertChar(line1464)

Insym>tomupad(line1216)

Insym(line179)

Fw=

-2*pi*dirac(2,w)

2.

(1)

symst;

Fw=sym('10/(3+j*w)-4/(5+j*w)');

ft=simplify(ifourier(Fw,t))

ezplot(ft),gridon

警告:

Supportofcharactervectorsthatarenotvalidvariablenamesordefineanumberwillberemovedinafuturerelease.Tocreatesymbolicexpressions,firstcreatesymbolicvariablesandthenuseoperationsonthem.

>Insym>convertExpression(line1559)

Insym>convertChar(line1464)

Insym>tomupad(line1216)

Insym(line179)

ft=

-(exp(-(t*5i)/j)*(sign(imag(1/j))-sign(t))*(5*exp((t*2i)/j)-2)*1i)/j

(2)

symst

Fw=sym('exp(-4*w^2)');

ft=simplify(ifourier(Fw,t))

ezplot(ft),gridon

警告:

Supportofcharactervectorsthatarenotvalidvariablenamesordefineanumberwillberemovedinafuturerelease.Tocreatesymbolicexpressions,firstcreatesymbolicvariablesandthenuseoperationsonthem.

>Insym>convertExpression(line1559)

Insym>convertChar(line1464)

Insym>tomupad(line1216)

Insym(line179)

ft=

exp(-t^2/16)/(4*pi^(1/2))

3.

dt=0.01;t=-2:

dt:

2.5;

f=(heaviside(t+2)-heaviside(t+1)).*(t+2)+heaviside(t+1)-heaviside(t-1)+(heaviside(t-1)-heaviside(t-2)).*(2-t);

N=100;

k=-N:

N;

W=pi*k/(N*dt);

Fw=f*exp(-i*t'*W)*dt;

plot(W,abs(Fw));gridon;axis([-5*pi5*pi-0.14]);title('频谱图')

4.

由题可知,两个门函数完全相同,才能得到三角形脉冲

首先将门函数进行时域卷积运算,再将卷积后的结果做傅里叶变换,源程序如下:

dt=0.01;t=-2:

dt:

2.5;

f1=heaviside(t+0.5)-heaviside(t-0.5);%定义一个门函数

f=conv(f1,f1)*dt;%卷积运算

ft=sym('f');

Fw=fourier(ft)%对卷积运算所得结果进行傅里叶变换

Fw=

pi*dirac(1,w)*2i

再求出一个门函数进行傅里叶变换,再与自身相乘,如果下面所得结果与上述Fw相同,说明验证了傅里叶变换的时域卷积定理,源程序如下:

dt=0.01;t=-2:

dt:

2.5;

f1=heaviside(t+0.5)-heaviside(t-0.5);

ft=sym('f1');

Fw1=fourier(ft);

Fw=Fw1'*Fw1

Fw=

4*pi^2*dirac(1,w)^2

第八章

1.

由图可知,该电路频率响应为H(w)=jw/(0.2(jw)^3+0.2(jw)^2+jw)

w=-6*pi:

0.01:

6*pi;

b=[100];

a=[22100];

H=freqs(b,a,w);

subplot(2,1,1);plot(w,abs(H));gridon;xlabel('\omega(rad/s)'),ylabel('|H(\omega)|');title('电路系统的幅频特性')

subplot(2,1,2);plot(w,angle(H));xlabel('\omega(rad/s)'),ylabel('\phi(\omega)');gridon;title('电路系统的相频特性')

2.

(1)

频率响应为H(w)=jw/(jw+3/2)

t=0:

0.01:

20;

H=(w*j)/(w*j+3/2);

f=cos(2*t);

y=abs(H)*cos(2*t+angle(H));

subplot(211);plot(t,f);gridon;title('激励信号的波形')

subplot(212);plot(t,y);gridon;title('稳态响应的波形')

(2)

t=0:

0.01:

20;

w1=2;w2=5;

H1=(-1i*w1+2)./((1i*w1)^2+2*1i*w1+3);

H2=(-1i*w2+2)./((1i*w2)^2+2*1i*w2+3);

f=3+cos(2*t)+cos(5*t);

y=3+abs(H1)*cos(w1*t+angle(H1))+abs(H2)*cos(w2*t+angle(H2));

plot(t,y);gridon;title('稳态响应的波形')

第九章

1.

Ts=0.00025;

dt=0.0001;

t1=-0.1:

dt:

0.1;

ft=sin(200*pi*t1);

subplot(221);plot(t1,ft);gridon;axis([-0.010.01-1.11.1]);title('f1的信号')

N=100;

k=-N:

N;

W=pi*k/(N*dt);

Fw=ft*exp(-i*t1'*W)*dt;

subplot(222);plot(W,abs(Fw));gridon;axis([-50005000-0.10.2]);title('f1信号的频谱')

t2=-0.1:

Ts:

0.1;

fst=sin(200*pi*t2);

subplot(223);plot(t1,ft,':

');holdon;stem(t2,fst);gridon;axis([-0.010.01-1.11.1]);title('抽样后的信号');holdoff

Fsw=fst*exp(-i*t2'*W)*Ts;

subplot(224);plot(W,abs(Fsw));gridon;axis([-50005000-0.10.2]);title('抽样信号的频谱')

2.

symst;

Sa(t)=sin(t)./t;

subplot(211);ezplot(Sa(t));gridon;title('Sa(t)函数的波形')

Fw=simplify(fourier(Sa(t)));

subplot(212);ezplot(abs(Sa(t)));gridon;xlabel('\omega'),ylabel('H(jw)');title('Sa(t)的频谱')

由图可知,Sa(t)的频谱大部分集中在[0,6]之间,所以可设其截至频率Wm=6,因而Ts=pi/6;

采用截至频率Wc=1.2Wm的低通滤波器对抽样信号滤波后重建信号法f(t),并计算重建信号与原Sa(t)信号的绝对误差

Wm=6;

Wc=1.2*Wm;

Ts=0.4;

n=-100:

100;

nTs=n*Ts;

fs=sinc(nTs/pi);

t=-6:

0.1:

6;

ft=Ts*Wc/pi*fs*sinc((Wc/pi)*(ones(length(nTs),1)*t)-nTs'*ones(1,length(t)));

t1=-6:

0.1:

6;

f1=sinc(t1/pi);

subplot(311);plot(t1,f1,':

'),holdon;stem(nTs,fs);axis([-66-11]);xlabel('nTs'

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