新世纪大学英语第二版综合教程4Lecture NotesU1.docx
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新世纪大学英语第二版综合教程4LectureNotesU1
ElectronicTeachingPortfolio
BookFour
UnitOne:
ManandNature
PartIGetStarted
SectionADiscussion
▇Sitingroupsofthreesorfoursanddiscussthefollowingquestions.
1.Doyouthinkmanlivesinharmonywithnaturenow?
2.Doyouthinkthatmanhasbeendestroyingnature?
Couldyougivesomeexamples?
3.Whatdoyouthinkweshoulddotopreservenature?
▇Answersforreference:
1.Apossibleanswer:
No.Thepresentrelationshipbetweenmanandnatureisnotasharmoniousasbefore.Withthepopulationexplosionandthedevelopmentoftheeconomy,seriousdamagehasbeendonetonature.Allthishasresultedinsuchproblemsasglobalwarming,soilerosion,shortageoffreshwater,droughtsandsandstorms.Humanbeingsnolongerliveinharmonywithnature.
2.Apossibleanswer:
Yes.Forexample,manhascutdownhalfofthetreesthatexisted10,000yearsago.Thelossoftreeshasupsettheecosystemandresultedintheextinctionofmanyspecies.Consequently,naturehaslostitsbalance.Anotherexampleisthatmanhasbeenburningtoomuchfossilfuelfordailyuseandindustrialproduction,whichhascausedheavypollutiontoourenvironment.
3.Apossibleanswer:
Firstly,weshouldn’tdevelopoureconomyattheexpenseofnature.Secondly,weshouldtakeaslittleaspossiblefromnatureandputbackintoitasmuchaswecan.Thirdly,weshouldformthehabitofsavingnaturalresources.Weshouldbeawarethatnaturalresourcesarenotinexhaustible.Whenwereachthepointofnoreturn,therewillbenothingleftforfuturegenerations.
SectionBQuotes
▇Studythefollowingquotesaboutmanandnatureanddiscussinpairswhatyoucanlearnfromthem.
▇
FrankLloydWright
⊙Studynature,lovenature,stayclosetonature.Itwillneverfailyou.
—FrankLloydWright
Interpretation:
Asanarchitect,Wrightemphasizestheimportanceoflovingandstudyingnature.Weshouldobservenature,takecareofitandliveinharmonywithit.Andthenwewillneverfeeldisappointedwithit.
AboutFrankLloydWright(1867-1959):
anAmericanarchitectandwriter.HewasthemostcreativegeniusofAmericanarchitecture.
AlbertEinstein
⊙Lookdeepintonature,andthenyouwillunderstandeverythingbetter.
—AlbertEinstein
Interpretation:
Asascientist,Einsteinbelievesthataclosestudyofnaturewillhelpusbetterunderstandthings.
AboutAlbertEinstein(1879-1955):
USphysicistandmathematician,borninGermany,whodevelopedtheTheoryofRelativity,whichcompletelychangedthewaythatscientistsunderstandspaceandtime.
WilliamHazlitt
⊙Lookdeepintonature,andthenyouwillunderstandeverythingbetter.
—WilliamHazlitt
Interpretation:
Asawriter,Hazlitturgesustoloveandappreciatenatureheartandsoul.
AboutWilliamHazlitt(1778-1830):
aBritishwriterandcritic,knownforhisessaysonmanysubjects,especiallyliterature.Hisbest-knowncollectionofessaysisentitledTableTalk(席间闲谈).
JohnCage
⊙Thehighestpurposeistohavenopurposeatall.Thisputsoneinaccordwithnature,inhermannerofoperation.
—JohnCage
Interpretation:
Man’sideallifeistobeintegratedintonature,soweshouldrespectnatureandfollowitslaws.
AboutJohnCage(1912-1992):
aUScomposerandpianist.In1951,heorganizedagroupofmusiciansandengineerstomakethefirstmusiconmagnetictape.
SectionCWatchingandDiscussion
Watchthefollowingvideoclip“Iftheworldwarmsby6degrees”anddothetasksthatfollow:
插入视频片段:
“Iftheworldwarmsby6degrees.wmv”
1.Fillinthemissingwordsaccordingtowhatyouhearfromthevideoclip.
Iftheworldwarmsby6degrees,fromadistancetheoceansmayappearbrightblue,buttheyaremarinewastelands.Desertsmarchacrosscontinentslikeconqueringarmies.Naturaldisastersbecomecommonevents.Someoftheworld’sgreatcitiesarefloodedandabandoned.Iftemperaturessoarby6degreeswithinlessthanacentury,we’regoingtofacenothinglessthanaglobalwipeout.
2.Whatdoyouthinkareotherpossibleconsequencesofawarmerclimate?
(Open.)
Script:
Iftheworldwarmsby6degrees,fromadistancetheoceansmayappearbrightblue,buttheyaremarinewastelands.Desertsmarchacrosscontinentslikeconqueringarmies.Naturaldisastersbecomecommonevents.Someoftheworld’sgreatcitiesarefloodedandabandoned.
Thiscouldbeourworldplus6degrees.
“Warmingsof6degreesoverlongertimeperiodshavebeenassociatedwithsomeofthemostdevastatingmassextinctionswhichhaveevertakenplace,soit’scertainlyfairtoassumethatiftemperaturessoarby6degreeswithinlessthanacentury,thenwe’regoingtofacenothinglessthanaglobalwipeout.”
6degreesofwarminghasbeencalledtheDoomsdayscenario.
Ourliveswouldneverbethesameagain.
PartIIListenandRespond
SectionAWordBank
marinea.of,near,livingin,orobtainedfromthesea(近)海的;海生(产)的
fisheryn.apartoftheseausedforthebusinessofcatchingseafish近海渔场
exhaustvt.useupcompletely用完,用尽
endangervt.causedangerto使遭危害,危及
excessivea.toomuch;toogreat;goingbeyondwhatisreasonableorright过多的,过分的,过度的
starvationn.[U]sufferingordeathfromlackoffood挨饿,饥饿;饿死
SectionBTaskOne:
FocusingontheMainIdeas
▇Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingsentencesaccordingtotheinformationcontainedinthelisteningpassage.
1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A)Theimportanceofseafoodsupplies.
B)ThefishharvestintheNorthAtlantic.
C)Thedeclineinfishsuppliesinthesea.
D)Theimportanceofprotectingsearesources.
2.WhatdidpeopleinEuropeandAmericainthe19thcenturythinkaboutmarineresources?
A)Theythoughtthatmarineresourceswerealmostexhausted.
B)Theythoughtthatmarineresourceswereseriouslydestroyed.
C)Theythoughtthatmarineresourceswereunlimited.
D)Theythoughtthatmarineresourceswereendangered.
3.Whyarethethreatstofishmorealarmingthanthethreatstoanimalsandbirds?
A)Becausefishisamuchneededfoodresource.
B)Becauseplentyoffishiskilledeveryyear.
C)Becausefishistheonlydietformanypeople.
D)Becausetheseafisheriesaregoingtobeexhausted.
4.HowmuchfishisharvestedintheNorthAtlanticeveryyear?
A)12billionpounds.
B)12millionpounds.
C)20billionpounds.
D)20millionpounds.
5.Whatwarningdoscientistsgiveinthepassage?
A)Naturalresourceswillbeexhaustedwithinthenextfewyears.
B)Fishreserveswillbedestroyedwithinthenextfewyearsbecauseofexcessivefishing.
C)Peopleinsomepartsoftheworldwillfacestarvationbecauseofthedrought.
D)People’sdemandonfishwilldeclineinsomepartsoftheworld.
▇Key:
1D2C3A4C5B
SectionCTaskTwo:
ZoomingInontheDetails
Listentotherecordingagainandfillineachoftheblanksaccordingtowhatyouhaveheard.
Todaythough,thereisevidenceshowingthatmarineresourcesareasseriously________asthoseofthelandandtheair.Infact,insomewaysthe________tofisharemorealarmingthanthethreatstoanimalsandbirds.Thisisbecausefishisamuchneededfood________,aspeoplethroughouttheworlddependonfishasanimportantpartoftheir________.Itisreportedthatto________fooddemands,20billionpoundsoffishare________everyyearintheNorthAtlanticalone.Searesourcesarealsorapidly________inmanyotherpartsoftheworld.
Scientistsnowbelievethatfood________fromtheseawon’tlastforever.Theywarnthat________fishingwilldestroyfishreserveswithinthenextfewyears.Theyalsowarnthatthedeclineinfishsupplywillcause________insomepartsoftheworld.
▇Answersforreference:
Todaythough,thereisevidenceshowingthatmarineresourcesareasseriouslyendangeredasthoseofthelandandtheair.Infact,insomewaysthethreatstofisharemorealarmingthanthethreatstoanimalsandbirds.Thisisbecausefishisamuchneededfoodresource,aspeoplethroughouttheworlddependonfishasanimportantpartoftheirdiet.Itisreportedthattosatisfyfooddemands,20billionpoundsoffishareharvestedeveryyearintheNorthAtlanticalone.Searesourcesarealsorapidlydeclininginmanyotherpartsoftheworld.
Scientistsnowbelievethatfoodsuppliesfromtheseawon’tlastforever.Theywarnthatexcessivefishingwilldestroyfishreserveswithinthenextfewyears.Theyalsowarnthatthedeclineinfishsupplywillcausestarvationinsomepartsoftheworld.
Script:
TheImportanceofProtectingSeaResources
Duringthe19thcentury,peopleinEuropeandAmericaclaimedthatmarineresourceswereunlimited.Forexample,anotedbiologistatthetimecommentedthatnoneoftheworld’sgreatseafisherieswereevergoingtobeexhausted.
Todaythough,thereisevidenceshowingthatmarineresourcesareasseriouslyendangeredasthoseofthelandandtheair.Infact,insomewaysthethreatstofisharemorealarmingthanthethreatstoanimalsandbirds.Thisisbecausefishisamuchneededfoodresource,aspeoplethroughouttheworlddependonfishasanimportantpartoftheirdiet.Itisreportedthattosatisfyfooddemands,20billionpoundsoffishareharvestedeveryyearintheNorthAtlanticalone.Searesourcesarealsorapidlydeclininginmanyotherpartsoftheworld.
Scientistsnowbelievethatfoodsuppliesfromtheseawon’tlastforever.Theywarnthatexcessivefishingwilldestroyfishreserveswithinthenextfewyears.Theyalsowarnthatthedeclineinfishsupplywillcausestarvationinsomepartsoftheworld.
PartIIIReadandExplore
TextA
SectionADiscoveringtheMainIdeas
Exercise1:
Answerthefollowingquestionswitht