让步状语从句.docx
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让步状语从句
授课内容提纲:
1.复习U4单词,不规则动词。
2.U5语法讲解,练习巩固。
3.中考链接
4.一些易混淆的语法讲解,相应的练习题。
5.练习巩固提升
一、语法讲解
让步状语从句
though/although“尽管……即使……”
连接词:
although(尽管),though(尽管),however(无论怎样),whatever(无论什么),whoever(无论谁),whomever(无论谁),whichever(无论哪个),whenever(无论何时),wherever(无论哪里),whether(是否),nomatter(who,what,where,when,etc)(无论……),evenif(即使),eventhough(即使)等。
注意:
当有though,although时,后面的从句不能有but,但是though和yet可连用.这两个连词意思大致相同,在一般情况下可以互换使用。
在口语中,though较常使用,although比though正式,
Althoughit'sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.虽然在下雨,但他们仍在地里干活。
Although/Thoughhewaswornout,(still)hekeptonworking.
Thoughthesorebehealed,yetascarmayremain.伤口虽愈合,但伤疤留下了。
(谚语)
Although/Thoughheisveryold,(yet)heisquitestrong.
Heisveryold,buthestillworksveryhard.虽然他很老,但仍然努力地工作。
值得注意的是,although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多,though
引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。
例如:
Shepassedtheexaminationthoughshehadnotstudiedveryhard.
()1.___sheisyoung,sheknowsquitealot.
A.WhenB.HoweverC.AlthoughD.Unless
everif/eventhough即使We’llmakeatripevenif/thoughtheweatherisbad.
whether...or...表示“不论是否……”,“不管是……还是……”之意
You'llhavetoattendtheceremonywhetheryou'refreeorbusy.
Whetheryoubelieveitornot,it'strue.
“nomatter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever”的含义为“……都……;不管……都……”,它们引导的让步状语从句可以互换。
例如:
Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.(=Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.)
Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustkeepthelaw.(=Whoeveryouare,youmustkeepthelaw.
()1.—Youboughtthecarabouttenyearsago?
—Yes.______it’sold,itstillrunswell.
A.BecauseB.SinceC.AlthoughD.But
()2._____wegavehimsomethingtoeat,hewouldsaveitupforhislittlesister.A.WhateverB.HoweverC.WheneverD.Whichever
()itrainedheavilyyesterday,____hegottoschoolontime.
AbutB/Cand
()4.Aliceisagoodstudent._____,shehasoneshortcoming.
D.evenif
()spendsalotofmoneyonclothes_______herfamilyisnotrich.
()difficultthetaskmaybe,wewilltryourbesttofinishit.
A.NomatterB.NowonderC.ThoughD.However
中考链接:
()1.____it’sdifficulttomakeherdreamcometrue,shenevergivesup.
A.ThoughB.UnlessC.BecauseD.If
()theymaynotsucceed,theywilltrytheirbest.
A.ThoughB.WhenC.BecauseD.Unless
()Harryisonly10yearsold,________heknowsmoreaboutsciencethanhisbrother.A.Though;/B.Though;butC.Though;because
()wellyoudrive,youmustdrivecarefully.
A.NomatterwhereB.InorderthatC.NomatterhowD.Assoonas
()hamburgersarejunkfood,manychildrenlikethem.
A.IfB.UnlessC.BecauseD.Although
()brotherandIlookdifferent________wearetwins.
A.unlessB.asC.thoughD.because
一些易混淆的语法讲解:
1.四个花费:
spend,cost,take和pay的区别
(1)spendtime/moneyonsth.在……上花费时间/金钱
例:
Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.
spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花费时间(金钱)做某事。
例:
Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.
spendmoneyforsth.花钱买……
例:
Hismoneywasspentforbooks.他的钱用来买书了。
(2)sth.costs(sb.)+金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。
例:
Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
(3)take后面常跟双宾语
Ittakessb.+时间+todosth.做某事花了某人多少时间。
例:
Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.
(4)pay的基本用法是:
pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付钱(给某人)买……。
例:
Ihavetopaythem20dollarsforthisroomeachmonth.
payforsth.付……的钱。
例:
Ihavetopayforthebooklost.
payforsb.替某人付钱。
例:
Don’tworry!
I'llpayforyou.
习题:
()1.Ihaveto___them20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.
A.payB.paidC.costD.took
()2.Theyspendtoomuchtime___thereport
A.writingB.towriteC.onwritingD.write
()3.--Whatbeautifulshoesyou’rewearing!
Theymustbeexpensive.
--No,theyonly——l0yuan.A.spentB.tookC.paidD.cost
()4.--Willyouplease____formydinner,Peter?
--Sure!
A.spendB.payC.cost
()5.Itwill____metoomuchtimetoreadthisbook.
A.takeB.costC.spend
()sciencebook____meagreatamountofmoney.
A.tookB.costC.usedD.spent
与any的区别:
Some的用法
1.some:
adj.(多用于肯定句、希望得到对法肯定回答的疑问句中)
1)修饰可数名词复数,指三个或三个以上,“一些、若干”
eg.Somechildrenlikeplayinginthepark.Wouldyoulikesomeapples?
2)修饰不可数名词,“一些、若干”
eg.Thereissomewaterinthebottle.Wouldyoulikesometeaorcoffee?
2.some:
pron.“一些人、一些物;有些人、有些物”
eg.Therearemanypeopleinthepark.Somearewalking.Somearetalking.
eg.Someofthedumplingsaremadeofshrimps(虾,小虾).
二.Any的用法
1.any:
adj.(多用于否定句、疑问句)
1)修饰不可数名词,“任何量的”eg.CanyouspeakanyFrench?
2)修饰可数名词复数,“任何数目的人或物”
eg.Ididn’teatanyapples.eg.Arethereanystampsinthedrawer?
3)用于肯定句中修饰单数可数名词,“任何一个”
eg.Givemeapen---anypenwillbeOK.
2.any:
pron.“任何一个人/物”eg.Shedidn’tspendanyofthemoney.
总结:
表示一些时,some用于肯定句和希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中;any用于否定句和疑问句中.
1.Thereare()newspapersonthetable.2.Isthere()breadontheplate?
3.Arethere()boatsontheriver?
4.---Doyouhave()brothers?
---Yes,Ihavetwobrothers.
5.---Isthere()teainthecup?
---Yes,thereis()teainit,butthereisn’tmilk.
6.Iwanttoaskyou()questions.
7.Mylittleboywants()watertodrink.
8.Thereare()tablesintheroom,buttherearen’t()chairs.
9.Wouldyoulike()milk?
10.Willyougiveme()paper?
3.Afew/few&alittle/little的区别
1.Thereis_______waterintheglass.Let'sgoandgetsome.
A.fewB.muchC.manyD.little
2.Westillhave_______applesinthebasket.Youdon’thavetobuyany.
A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle
3.Iamnewhere.SoIhave_______friendshere.
A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle
4.Thereis_______moneyinmypocket,soIcan’tbuyanythingnow.
A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle
peopleknowwherePhilliplives.Onlyhisparentscantellus.
A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle
is_______inkinmybottle,canyougiveme_______ink?
A.few,afewB.little,alittleC.alittle,littleD.alittle,alittle
7.Ienjoymylifehere.Ihave_______friendsandwemeetquiteoften.
A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle
二、练习提升
语法选择
Once,akinglovedmusicsomuchthathesearchedtheworldforthebestinstrument.Oneday,amagicman__1__thekingaharp(竖琴).
Thekingtookittothepalace,but__2__heplayedit,theharpsoundedterrible.Many__3__peopletriedit.Theyagreedthattheharpwas__4__andthekinghadbeenfooled.Theharpwasthrownoutasrubbish.
Apoorlittlegirl__5__foundtheharp,andeventhoughshedidn’tknowhow__6__it,shedecidedtohaveatry.Sheplayedandplayed,thewholedaythrough,formonthsandyears.Themusicsheproducedwasneverperfect,__7__eachtimeitsoundedalittlebetter.
Thenoneday,suddenly,theharpstartedtoplaythemostbeautifulmusic.Itwasinfact__8___magicharp,andcouldonlybeplayedwellbysomeonewhowouldputinthenecessaryeffort.
Thekingheardthemusicfromhiswindow,andcalledthegirltothepalace.Whenthekingsawthatshewasplayinghisoldharp,hewasfilled__9__joy.Atthatmomenthemadethegirlhisownprivate__10__,givingherandherfamilymanyriches.
()1.A.offerB.offersC.offeredD.hasoffered
()2.A.whenB.beforeC.ifD.because
()3.A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.theother
()4.A.usedB.usingC.uselessD.uselessness
()5.A.lateB.latelyC.latestD.later
()6.A.playedB.toplayC.playingD.toplaying
()7.A.soB.andC.orD.but
()8.A.aB.anC.theD./
()9.A.inB.ofC.byD.with
()10.A.musicB.musicalC.musicianD.musically
完型填空
KiermanwasborninSydney,Australia,andgrewupnearthesea.Formorethan40years,heracedininternationalsailingcompetitions.
In1987,Kiermanwascompetinginanaround-the-worldracewhenhebeganto__1__thehugeamountofrubbishintheworld’soceans.WhenhereturnedtoAustralia,he__2___todosomethingaboutit.
Heorganizedacommunity__3__called“CleanUpSydneyHarbour.”OnSunday,January8,1989,morethan40,000volunteerscameoutto__4__awayrubbish.Thenextyear,Kiermanmadetheclean-upanationalevent.Itwasahuge__5__.AcrossAustralia,about300,000peoplespentthedayimprovingtheirlocal__6___.
Sincethen,“CleanUpAustralia”hasgot__7__everyyear.In2002,forexample,800,000peoplecleanedupalmost15,000tonsofrubbishfromAustralia’sbeaches,parksandstreets.
Kiermanwas__8___withthesuccessofhisproject.In2003,hestartedanevenbiggerprogram.Withthe__9__oftheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram,heintroduced“CleanUptheWorld”,aninternationalprogramthatsupportscommunitiesaroundtheworldincleaningupandprotectingtheenvironment.“CleanUptheWorld”hasgrown__10__andhiswonderfulideahasnowspreadfromonecitytothewholeworld.
()1.A.saveB.collectC.noticeD.produce
()2.A.refusedB.decidedC.pretendedD.stopped
()3.A.lawB.partyC.companyD.event
()4.A.clearB.sendC.turnD.give
()5.A.problemB.successC.surpriseD.failure
()6.A.cultureB.projectC.governmentD.environment
()7.A.olderB.smallerC.biggerD.faster
()8.A.happyB.angryC.disappointedD.concerned
()9.A.needB.helpC.hopeD.action
()10.A.loudlyB.gentlyC.rapidlyD.busily
阅读理解
Mostofusprobablylivewithoutvegetables,butaworldwithoutchocolate?
Nowthatwouldbehard!
Accordingtochocolatemakersitcouldhappenifwedon’tactsoon.
Therearetwomaincausesofthechocolateshortage---chocolate’sgrowingpopularityandlessproductionofcocoa,theplantfromwhichchocolateismade.WithmoreandmorepeopleinIndiaandChinalovingchocolate,notmuchcanbedoneaboutthefirstcause.
Therefore,theonl