大英习题含解释.docx

大英习题含解释.docx

《大英习题含解释.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《大英习题含解释.docx（23页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

大英习题含解释

综合B3Test1答案 （共60minutes）

PartI ReadingComprehension  （25minutes）

SectionA

            Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithseveralblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbank.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

A）picksup

B）temptation

C）given

D）generate

E）involved

F）insteadof

G）Extravagant

H）cuttingup

I）cuttingback

J）endurance

K）covered

L）Asidefrom

M）tolerance

N）exotic

O）pay

 I’mnotmakinganywherenearasmuchmoneyasIdidwhenIwasemployedfulltime,butnowwedon’tneedasmucheither.I   1   enoughincometohandleour$600-a-monthmortgagepaymentsplustheusualexpensesforafamilylikeours.Thatincludeseverythingfrommusiclessonsanddentalbillstocarrepairsandcollegecosts.Whenitcomestoinsurance,wehaveapoorman’smajor-medicalpolicy.Wehavetopaythefirst$500ofanymedicalfeesforeachmemberofthefamily.It   2   80%ofthecostsbeyondthat.Althoughwearestuckwithpayingminorexpenses,ourpremiumislow—only$560ayear—andweare   3   againstcatastrophe.   4   thatandthepolicyonourtwocarsat$400ayear,wehavenootherinsurance.Butwearesettingaside$2,000ayearinanIRA.

        We’vebeenabletomakeupthedifferenceinincomeby   5   withoutappreciablyloweringourstandardofliving.Wecontinuetodineoutonceortwiceamonth,butnowwepatronizelocalrestaurants   6   moreexpensiveplacesinthecity.WestillattendtheoperaandballetinMilwaukeebutonlyafewtimesayear.Weeatlessmeat,drinkcheaperwineandseefewermovies.   7   Christmasesareamemory,andwecombinevacationswithstoryassignments…

        Isuspectnoteveryonewholovesthecountrywouldbehappylivingthewaywedo.Ittakesacoupleofspecialqualities.Oneisa   8   forsolitude.Becausewearesobusyandonsuchatightbudget,wedon’tentertainmuch.Duringthegrowingseasonthereisnotimeforsocializinganyway.JimandEmilyare   9   inschoolactivities,buttheytoospendmostoftheirtimeathome.

        Theotherrequirementisenergy—alotofit.Thewaytomakeself-sufficiencyworkonasmallscaleistoresistthe 10tobuyatractorandotherexpensivelaborsavingdevices.Instead,youdotheworkyourself.Theonlymachineryweown（notcountingthelawnmower）isalittlethree-horsepowerrotarycultivatoranda16-inchchainsaw.

1-5DAKLI6-10FGMEB

SectionB

            Directions:

Thereareseveralpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

PassageOne

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

        Geneticallymodifiedfoods（orGMfoods转基因食品）arefoodsderivedfromgeneticallymodifiedorganisms.GeneticallymodifiedorganismshavehadspecificchangesintroducedintotheirDNAbygeneticengineeringtechniques.GMfoodswerefirstputonthemarketintheearly1990s.Typically,geneticallymodifiedfoodsaretransgenicplantproducts:

soybean,corn,canola,andcottonseedoil.Animalproductshavealsobeendeveloped,althoughasofJuly2010nonearecurrentlyonthemarket.

        CriticshaveobjectedtoGMfoodsonseveralgrounds,includingsafetyissues,ecologicalconcerns,andeconomicconcerns.However,genetically-modifiedfoodsareheretostay.That’snottosaythatfoodproducedbyconventionalagriculturewilldisappear,butsimplythatfood-buyingpatternswillpolarize11（两极分化）:

therewillbearightmarketforconventionalfoodjustasthereisfororganicfood.ItmayevenbethatGMfoodwillbecomethefoodofpreferencebecauseconsumerscometoappreciatethehealthbenefitsofreducedpesticideuse12.

        ThereasonGMfoodwillnotgoawayisthatweneedathree-foldincrease13infoodproductionbytheyear2050tokeeppacewiththeworld’spredictedpopulationgrowthtotenorelevenbillion.It’snotjustaquestionofmoremouthstofeedeither.Whatisoftenforgottenisthatalltheseextrapeoplewilltakeupspace,reducingtheoveralllandavailableforagriculture.

        "Geneticmodificationisanalogoustonuclearpower:

nobodylovesit,butclimatechangehasmadeitsadoptionimperative,"sayseconomistPaulCollierofOxfordUniversity."Declininggeneticmodificationmakesacomplicatedissuemorecomplex.Geneticmodificationoffersbothfastercropadaptationandabiological,ratherthanchemical,approachtoyieldincreases."

        Theworldhas800millionhungrypeople.Untilnow,foodsupplieshavebeenincreasedbyimprovedvarieties,pesticidesandartificialfertilizers:

thegreenrevolution.Nowwe’reontheedgeofanewrevolution:

ageneticone.

        ItmaywellbethatinthelongtermitisthedevelopingworldthatbenefitsmostfromGMfoods.It’struethatforthenexttenyearsorsoGMcropsmaybetooexpensive.Butthelessonofpersonalcomputersisapplicablehere—oncethetechnologyhasbeendevelopedforprofitablecrops,itwillspreadandbecomeaffordableforall14.Thisdoesn’tmean,unfortunately,thatfamineswilldisappear,butseverityanddurationwillbehelpedbyanimprovedabilitytoproduceanddistributefood.

11.TheintroductionofGMfoodwillaffect_____.

A）food-pricingstandard  

B）food-buyingpatterns  结果推断题

C）food-suppliesscale  

D）food-productionefficiency  

12.ConsumerspreferGMfoodtoconventionalfoodbecause_____.

A）GMfoodreceiveslesspesticideapplication  原因推断题

B）GMfoodismorenutritiousthanorganicfood  

C）GMfoodischeaperthanconventionalfood  

D）Conventionalfoodisfreefromchemicals  

13.Iftheworldpopulationgrowstotenorelevenbillionbytheyear2050,_____.

A）ageneticrevolutionwilltakeoverthegreenrevolution  

B）theoveralllandavailableforagriculturewillrunout  

C）thenumberofhungrypeoplewillriseto800million  

D）foodproductionshouldbeincreasedtothreetimesthatoftoday  词义（数字）推断题

14."Butthelessonofpersonalcomputersisapplicablehere"（inthelastparagraph）probablymeansthat______.

A）oncethetechnologicalinnovationisinprogress,itscostwillbereduced  

B）oncethetechnologyhasbeenturnedintoproductivity,itwillbecomepopular  

C）oncethetechnologyhasbeendevelopedforprofitableproducts,itwillenterintoourdailylife  句子释义推断题

D）oncethetechnologyhasbeenimprovedtomeetthedemandsofthedevelopingworld,itwillbeaffordable  

15.WecaninferfromthepassagethatGMfoodwill_____

A）betooexpensivetoafford  

B）keeptheworldfromstarvation  

C）bewell-acceptedbysomeconsumers  主旨推断题

D）eventuallyreplaceconventionalfood  

PassageTwo

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

        TheradicaltransformationoftheSovietsocietyhadaprofoundimpactonwomen’slives.SovietwomenunderStalinwerealsothefirstgenerationofwomenabletogivebirthinthesafetyofahospital,withaccesstoprenatalcare（产检）.Marxistshadtraditionallybelievedthatbothcapitalismandthemiddle-classhusbandsexploitedwomen.TheRussianRevolutionof1917immediatelyproclaimedcompleteequalityofrightsforwomen.Inthe1920sdivorceandabortionweremadeeasilyavailable,andwomenwereurgedtoworkoutsidethehomeandliberatethemselvessexually.AfterStalincametopower,sexualandfamilialliberationwasplayeddown,andthemostlastingchangesforwomeninvolvedworkandeducation.

        Thesechangesweretrulyrevolutionary.Youngwomenwereconstantlytoldthattheyhadtobeequaltomen,thattheycouldandshoulddoeverythingmencoulddo.PeasantwomeninRussiahadlongexperiencedtheequalityofbackbreakingphysicallaborinthecountryside,andtheycontinuedtoenjoythatequalityoncollectivefarms.Withtheadventofthefive-year-plans,millionsofwomenalsobegantotoilinfactoriesandinheavyconstruction,buildingdams,roadsandsteelmillsinsummerheatandwinterfrost.Mostoftheopportunitiesopentomenthrougheducationwerealsoopentowomen.Determinedwomenpursuedtheirstudiesandenteredtheranksofthebetter-paidspecialistsinindustryandscience.Medicinepracticallybecameawoman’sprofession.By1950,75percentofdoctorsintheSovietUnionwerewomen.

        ThusStalinistsocietygavewomengreatopportunitiesbutdemandedgreatsacrificesaswell.Thevastmajorityofwomensimplyhadtoworkoutsidethehome.Wagesweresolowthatitwasalmostimpossibleforafamilyorcoupletoliveonlyonthehusband’searnings.Moreover,thefull-timeworkingwomanhadaheavyburdenofhouseholdtasksinheroffhours,formostSovietmeninthe1930sstillconsideredthehomeandthechildrenthewoman’sresponsibility.Mencontinuedtomonopolizethebestjobs.Finally,rapidchangeandeconomichardshipledtomanybrokenfamilies,creatingfurtherphysical,emotional,andmentalstrainsforwomen.Inanyevent,theoften-neglectedhumanresourceofwomenwasmobilizedinStalinistsociety.

16.ThemainideaofthispassageisthatwomeninStalinistsociety________.

A）hadeconomicopportunitiesthathadneverbeenavailablebefore  

B）haddifficultybalancingtheirworkandfamilyresponsibilities  

C）hadnewopportunitiesbutalsomanyhardships  

D）movedquicklyintothehighestlevelsofgovernment  

17.Inthelastparagraph,monopolizeprobablymeans_____.

A）hold  

B）earn  

C）leave  

D）pay  

18.Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingth