中科院考博英语真题.docx

中科院考博英语真题.docx

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中科院考博英语真题

中国科学院2004年3月博士研究生入学考试试题

PARTⅡVOCABULARY（15minutes,10points,0.5pointeach）

Directions:

Choosethewordorwordbeloweachsentencethatbestcompletethestatement,andmarkthecorrespondingletterofyourchoicewithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachinescoringAnswerSheet.

21.Aknowledgeofhistoryustodealwiththevastrangeofproblemsconfrontingthecontemporaryworld.

A.equipsB.providesC.offersD.satisfies

22.Inassessingtheimpactofthelossofaparentthroughdeathanddivorceitwasthedistortionoffamilyrelationshipsnottheofthebondwiththeparentindivorcethatwasvital.

A.dispositionB.distinctionC.distributionD.disruption

23.Finally,let'sacriticalissueinanyhonestexplorationofourattitudestowardsoldpeople,namelythevaluewhichoursocietyascribestothem.

A.sticktoB.turntoC.leadtoD.taketo

24.Smugglingisa____________activitywhichmightbringdestructiontooureconomy;therefore,itmustbebanned.

A.pertinentB.fruitfulC.detrimentalD.casual

25.Themanufacturerwasforcedtoreturnthemoneytotheconsumersunder____________oflaw.

A.guidelineB.definitionC.constraintD.idetity

26.Thefoodwasdivided____________accordingtotheageandsizeofthechild.

A.equallyB.individuallyC.sufficientlyD.proportionally

27.Horsebackriding____________boththeskillofhandingahorseandthemasteryofdiverseridingstyles.

A.embracesB.encouragesC.exaggeratesD.elaborate

28.Plasticbagsareusefulforholdingmanykindsoffood,____________theircleanness,toughness,andlowcost.

A.byvirtueofB.inadditiontoC.forthesakeofD.asopposedto

29.Hecannot____________thefactthathewaslateagainfortheconferenceattheuniversityyesterday.

A.contributetoB.accountforC.identifywithD.leaveout

30.Pleasedonotbe____________byhishadmannerssinceheismerelytryingtoattractattention.

A.disgustedB.embarrassedC.irritatedD.shocked

31.Fornearly50years,Spockhasbeena____________authorwriting13booksincludinganautobiographyandnumerousmagazinearticles.

A.prevalentB.standuptoC.prospectiveD.prolific

32.Workersinthiscountryaregettinghigherwageswhileturningoutpoorproductsthatdonot____________thetestofinternationalcompetition.

A.keepupwithB.standuptoC.complywithD.attendto

33.Thebusinesswasforcedtoclosedownforaperiodbutwas____________revived.

A.successivelyB.subsequentlyC.predominantlyD.preliminarily

34.Thebookmightwellhave____________haditbeenlessexpensive.

A.workedoutB.gonethroughC.caughtonD.fittedin

35.Wehadbeentakenoverbyanotherfirm,andamanagement____________wasunderway.

A.cleanupB.setupC.breakoutD.takeout

36.Thepoorqualityofthefilmruinedthe____________perfectproduct.

A.ratherB.muchC.otherwiseD.particularly

37.I'llhaveto____________thisdressabitbeforetheweddingnextweek.

A.letoffB.letgoC.letlooseD.letout

38.Theyreacheda（n）____________tokeeptheirdisputeoutofthemassmadia.

A.understandingB.acknowledgementC.limitationsD.misgivings

39.Afterwalkingforhourswithoutfindingthevillage,webegantohave____________aboutourmap.

A.troublesB.fearsC.limitationsD.misgivings

40.Ifyoudon'twanttotalktohim,I'llspeaktohim____________.

A.onyouraccountB.onyourbehalfC.foryourpartD.inyourinterest

PAETⅢCLOZETEST（15minutes,15points）

Direction:

Thereare15blanksinthispartofthetest,readthepassagethrough,Then,gobackandchoosethesuitablewordorphrasemarkedA,B,CorDforeachblankinthepassage.MarkthecorrespondingletteroftheworldorphraseyouhavechosenwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.

Theprocessbymeansofwhichhumanbeingsarbitrarilymakecertainthingsstandforotherthingsmanybecalledthesymbolicprocess.

Everywhereweturn,weseethesymbolicprocessatwork.Thereare__41__thingsmendoorwanttodo,possessorwanttopossess,thathavenotasymbolicvalue.

Almostallfashionableclothesare__42__symbolic,soisfood.We__43__ourfurnituretoserve__44__visiblesymbolsofourtaste,wealth,andsocialposition.Weoftenchooseourhouses__45__thebasisofafeelingthatit“lookswell”tohavea“goodaddress.”Wetradeperfectlygoodcarsinfor__46__modelsnotalwaystogetbettertransportation,buttogive__47__tothecommunitythatwecan__48__it.

Suchcomplicatedandapparently__49__behaviorleadsphilosopherstoaskoverandoveragain,“whycna'thumanbeings__50__simplyandnaturally.”Oftenthecomplexityofhumanlifemakesuslookenviouslyattherelative__51__ofsuchliveasdogsandcats.Simply,thefactthatsymbolicprocessmakescomplexitypossibleisno__52__forwantingto__53__toacatandtoacat-and-dogexistence.Abettersolutionistounderstandthesymbolicprocess__54__insteadofbeingitsslaveswebecome,tosomedegreeatleast,its__55__.

41.A.manyB.someC.fewD.enough

42.A.highlyB.nearlyC.merelyD.likely

43.A.makdB.getC.possessD.select

44.A.ofB.forC.asD.with

45.A.onB.toC.atD.for

46.A.earlierB.laterC.formerD.latter

47.A.suggestionB.surpriseC.explanationD.evidence

48.A.useB.affordC.rideD.find

49.A.uselessB.impossibleC.inappropriateD.unnecessary

50.A.liveB.workC.stayD.behave

51.A.passivityB.activityC.simplicityD.complexity

52.A.meaningB.reasonC.timeD.doubt

53.A.leadB.devoteC.proceedD.return

54.A.sothatB.inthatC.consideringthatD.byreasonthat

55.A.teachersB.studentsC.mastersD.servants

PARTⅣREADINGCOMPREHENSION（60minutes,30points）

Directions:

Youwillreadfivepassageinthispartofthetest.Beloweachpassagetherearesomequestionorincompletestatements.EachquestionorstatementisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Readthepassagecarefully,andthenselectthechoicethatbestanswersthequestionorcompletesthestatement.Marktheletterofyourchoicewithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.

Passage1

TheSolarDecathlonisunderway,andtramsofstudentsfrom14collegesanduniversitiesarebuildingsolar-poweredhomesontheNationalMallinWashington,D.C.inanefforttopromotethisalternativeenergysource.ThisweekjudgesinthisDepartmentofEnergy（DOE）sponsoredeventwillevaluatethesehomesanddeclareonethewinner.Unfortunately,fortheparticipants,itrainedontheSept26thopeningceremonies,andtheskiesovertheWashingtonhaveremainedmostlyovercastsince.However,theconditionsmayhavemadeforamorerevealingdemonstrationofsolarenergythanwasoriginallyplanned.

AlthoughtheSolarDecathlon'spurposeistoadvertisethebenefitsofelectricity-generatingsolarpanelsandotherresidentialsolargadgets,thehadweatherhasmadeithardtoignorethelimitations.Asfatesoamplydemonstrated,noteverydayisasunnyday,andindeedDOE's“SolarVillageontheNationalMall”hasreceivedverylittleofwhatitneedstorun.

Sincesolarisnotanalwaysavailableenergysource,evenacommunityconsistingentirelyofsolarhomesandbusinesseswouldstillneedtobeconnectedtoaconstantly-runningpowerplant（mostlikelynaturalgasorcoalfired）toprovidereliableelectricity.Forthisreason,thefossilfuelsavingsandenvironmentalbenefitsofsolarareconsiderablysmallerthanmanyproponentssuggest.

Washington,D.C.getsitsshareofsunnydaysaswell,butevenso,solarequipmentprovedsonlyamodestamountofenergyinrelationtoitscost.Infact,a$5,000rooftopphotovoltaicsystemtypicallygeneratesnomorethan$100ofelectricityperyear,providingarateofreturncomparabletoapassbooksavingsaccount.

Nordothecostsendwhenthesystemisinstalled.Likeanythingexposedtotheelements,solarequipmentissubjecttowearandstormdamage,andmayneedongoingmaintenanceandrepairs.Inaddition,thematerialsthatturnsunlightintoelectricitydegradeovertime.Thus,solarpanelswilleventuallyneedtobereplaced,mostlikelybeforetheinvestmenthasfullypaiditselfoffintheformofreducedutilitybills.

Solarenergyhasalwayshasitsshareoftruebelieverswillingtopayextratofeelgoodabouttheirhomesandthemselves.Butforhomeownerswhoviewitasaninvestment,itisnotagoodone.TheeconomicrealitiesarerarelyacknowledgedbythegovenmentofficialsandsolarequipmentmanufacturesinvolvedintheSolarDecathlonandsimilarlyone-sidedpromotions.Byfailingtobeobjective,thepro-solarcrowddoesconsumersarealdisservice.

56.TheSolarDecathlonismostprobablythenameofa____________.

A.technologyB.contestC.strategyD.machine

57.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheweather?

A.ItisrareforWashington,D.C.tohavesuchlongrainydays.

B.IthasbeenrainingsinceSept26thforthemostofthetime.

C.Itisfavorabletothemanufacturerstopromotesolarequipment.

D.Ithashelpedseethedisadvantagesofsolarenergy.

58.WhathashappenedtoDOE's“SolarVillageontheNationalMall”?

A.Ithasrevealedamechanicalproblem.

B.Itlackstheenergyforoperation.

C.Itneedssubstantialfinancialsupport.

D.Ithasdrawncriticismfromthegovernment.

59.Theenvironmentalbenefitsofsolarpoweraresmallbecause____________