论中西饮食文化差异毕业设计.docx
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论中西饮食文化差异毕业设计
外国语学院本科毕业论文
OnDifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternDietaryCultures
论中西饮食文化差异
院系 外国语学院
专业 英语
班级 2009级本科(7)班
学生姓名
指导教师
职称 讲师
2013年4月
Acknowledgements
Iwouldliketoextendmysinceregratitudetoallthosewhohaveeverhelpedandencouragedmeduringthewritingofthisthesis;otherwisemyworkwouldnothavebeensosmoothlyfulfilled.
MydeepestgratitudegoesfirstandforemosttoMrsGuo,mysupervisor,forherconstantencouragementandguidance.Shehaswalkedmethroughallthestagesofthewritingofthisthesis.Withoutherconsistentandilluminatinginstruction,thisthesiscouldnothavereacheditspresentform.
Second,IwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetoProfessorWangXueling.Thankyouforleadingmeintothedoorofinterculturalcommunicationwhichhasreallybroadenedmyhorizonsandenrichedmylife.Thankyouforbeingsopatient,sosupportiveandIamexceedinglyproudofbeingyourstudent.IamalsogreatlyindebtedtotheprofessorsandteachersattheForeignLanguageDepartmentofXinxiangUniversitywhohaveinstructedandhelpedmealotinthepasttwoyears.
Lastbutnotleast,myheartfeltappreciationandeverlastingaffectiongotomybelovedfamilyfortheirlovingconsiderationsandboundlessconfidenceinmeallthroughtheseyears.MotherandFatherthankyouforbringingmeintothisworldandalwaysgivingmethestrengthtostriveformygoals.Theirselflessloveconstantlyshinesonme,andlightsupmyworld.Ialsoowemysinceregratitudetomyfriendsandmyfellowclassmateswhogavemetheirhelpandtimeinlisteningtomeandhelpingmetoworkoutmyproblemsduringthedifficultcourseofthethesis.
Abstract
Differenceindietarycultureisoneoftheproblemsthatweshouldpaymoreattention.Chinaisacountrywithalonghistoryandboastsavarietyofcuisines.Chinesedietaryculturehasbeenalwaysintheleadingpositionoftheworldfromthepasttonow,anditisalsotheveryimportantpartoftheChineseculture.TheWesterndietaryculturehasitstypicalfeatures,beingfast,hygienic,nutritiousandscientific.Chinesedietaryculturepursuesthesyntheticbeautysuchascolor,smell,taste,flavor,sound,andtheenvironment.ThecomparativestudyattemptedbytheauthorintendstopromotethemutualunderstandingandcommunicationbetweenChinaandtheWestern.Itisimportantfornationstounderstandeachother.Inthecooperation,nationsgainmorebenefitsfrommutualhelpandmakeeverybodyenjoyahappylife.Thefindingsinthisthesiswillhelpnationstodrawoneachother’smeritsandmakemutualprogress.
Keywords:
diet;cultural;difference
摘要
饮食文化的差异就是值得我们关注的话题之一。
中国有着悠久的历史与引以为傲的各种各样的烹饪技术。
直到今天中国的饮食文化一直处于世界的领先位置,它已经成为中国文化中的重要的一部分。
西方饮食文化讲究快捷方便、卫生、营养、科学。
中国的饮食文化追求色、香、味、行、意和环境。
希望通过中西饮食文化的比较,增进两种文化间的理解和交流,进而互相学习,取长补短,和谐共处,共同发展。
国与国之间需要了解彼此。
在合作中,帮助彼此得到更多的利益而是每一个人享受快乐生活。
这就是理想,只要大家去做,世界会变得美好。
关键词:
饮食;文化;不同
Contents
AcknowledgementsI
AbstractII
摘要III
Ⅰ.Introduction1
1.1Background1
1.2Purpose1
1.3TheHistoryandPositionofFoodCultureinChinaandWest1
1.4FoodCulture1
1.4.1CharacteristicsofChineseFoodCulture2
1.4.2CharacteristicsofWesternFoodCulture2
Ⅱ.AnalysisofCulturalDifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternDietary3
2.1.DifferencesinConcepts3
2.2DifferencesinTargets4
2.3DifferencesintheDietaryPatterns6
2.4DifferencesintheNature7
2.5DifferencesintheEtiquette8
2.6DifferencesinDietaryHabits8
2.6.1DifferencesinTableware8
2.6.2DifferencesinCookingMethods9
2.6.3DifferencesinDailyDiet10
Ⅲ.Conclusion10
3.1MajorFindings11
3.2Implication11
3.3Limitation11
Bibliography13
Ⅰ.Introduction
1.1Background
Foodisonlyoneaspectofculturaltraditions,yetitisprobablyoneofthemostpersistent.Thereisnoculturalgroupandnoindividualforwhomatleastonespecificfood.Foodplaysaninextricableroleinourdailylives.Withoutfoodwecannotsurvive.Butfoodismuchmorethanatoolofsurvival.Foodisasourceofpleasure,comfortandsecurity.Foodisalsoasymbolofhospitality,socialstatus,andreligioussignificance.Whatweselecttoeat,howweprepareit,serveit,andevenhowweeatitareallfactorsprofoundlytouchedbyourindividualculturalinheritance.
1.2Purpose
ThecontentaimstounderstandthedifferencebetweenChineseandwesterncuisineculture.CulturaldifferencesinthehabitsofdietsbetweenChineseandtheWesternreflectthedifferentconceptsaboutthedietarystatus,eatingfoodanddietaryhabits.ThroughtheanalysisofdietarydifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfoodculture,wegettoknowtheculturaltraditionsofbothChinaandtheWest.Itletussetupaninvinciblepositioninthecompetition.AtthesametimeitcanimproveandinnovatefortheChineseculture.Thesenationsshouldmutualhelpandstudyeachothersothatwecanmakeourworldmoreharmoniousthanbefore.
1.3TheHistoryandPositionofFoodCultureinChinaandWest
ChinaenjoysthefameofFoodKingdomforthousandsyear,sopeoplelivingherefocussomuchontasteasatradition.Aftercenturiesofevolutiononcooking,Chinesecuisinesharesagreatmarketininternationalfoodtable.Chinesechiefpaytheirattentiononthreeparts:
varietychoiceofmaterials,complexityofcookingstyle,widerangeoftaste.
Asanothereconomicandculturalcenter,theWesternWorld,italsoproducesanimportantFoodculturesystem.Inthissystem,France,BritainandtheUnitedStatesarethethreemajorbranches.Theyaffecttheworldfortheiruniqueculturalconnotations.
Asthetwomajorfoodcultures,theirmutualinfluenceandfusionwillimproveculturaldiversityoftheworld.ThisisthesignificanceofChineseandWesternfoodculturepreciselystudies.
1.4FoodCulture
Foodculturereferstothetechnical,scientificandartisticaspectsintheprocessofthefoodproductionandfoodconsumption,thedevelopmentandutilizationoffoodingredientsinspecificsocialgroups,aswellasthedietbasedcustoms,traditions,ideologyandphilosophy,inaword,thesumofallthefoodthingsofacombinationoftheway,process,functionoffoodproductionandconsumption.Thestudyonfoodcultureisextremelyrichincontent.
1.4.1CharacteristicsofChineseFoodCulture
Thedietisactuallythecontentofourdailylife,butwhydowesaythatitcontainsspecificculture?
ThisisbecausethediethasaspecialstatusintheChineseculture.AnditisalsodifferentbetweenChinaandWest.Chinesepeople’sdietstartsasearlyasintheQinDynasty.Atthattime,thetypicaldietprimarilyconsistsofthemiscellaneousgrains,inadditiontosomesupplementaryfoodsuchasvegetablesandmeat.CertainlythiskindofdietrelatestoourChinesefirstreligiousBuddhismalotwhichadvocatesvegetariandiet.Andthericeisthestaplefood,butthevegetableistogetfooddown.Thericeisnotdelicious,sopeoplemusteatthevegetablewhichismoredeliciousthanricetogetthericedown.AndthisurgesChinesecookingtomaketheunsavoryfoodtobecomethedeliciousfood,whichgraduallybecomesthemostimportantgoalofcooking.MoreoverthetechnologyofdietprocessinginChinesecookingisfirst-class,thusmanifestingthecharacteristicsofChineseculture.TheChinesecooking’sdietprocesstechnologyisfirst-classintheworld,thusithasmanifestedtheChineseculturecharacteristic.
AlltheseenabletheChinesedietculturetohavethefollowingcharacteristics.First,theChinesecookingtechnologyhasdevelopedalotandmanythingswhichdonotlooklikeeatablefoodintheWesterner’seyescanbecomethefoodrichintheappearance,thefragranceandtasteundertheChinesechef’scarefulcooking.Second,Chineserecipesarewidespread,andeverythingthatcanbeeatenwillbefullused.TheWestbotaniststhinktheChineseeatmorethansixtimestypesofvegetablesthantheWesterners.Third,fortheChinesepeople,thepursuitofeatingisjusttopursuebesthappinessoflife,foodbecomingthefirstrequirement.
1.4.2CharacteristicsofWesternFoodCulture
IntheWesterndiet,meatalwayshasahighproportionbecausethedietwasinitiallybasedmainlyonanimalhusbandry.Inthemoderntimes,althoughtheproportionofcropcultivationhasbeenincreasing,theproportionofmeatinthedietisstillmuchhigherthanthatofChina.Asthenaturaldelicioustasteofmeat,fortheWesternersthereisnoneedoftoomuchdecorationforfood,limitingthedevelopmentofcooking.Europeansmostlyusetoolstoshowtheiraffluence,forinstance,thenumberofkindsandluxurybecomethecontenttocareabout.Moreover,theywillnotmakethepursuitofeatingwhichiseasytosatisfytobethepursuitofthebesthappiness.
WetakeEuropeandAmericanasarepresentativefortheWest,foritsculturesimilarlyhasawell-establishedandlonghistory.Tothemiddleages,theEuropeanculturehadgrownup,andduringthattimetheoldWest’sdietculturehadalreadyformed.Itsmainfeaturewas:
thebreadflourwasthestaplefood,rawmaterialwasalsoveryrich.ThemanufacturingmethodwassimplethanthatofChina,buttheyalsopaidgreatattentiontothetaste.
Ⅱ.AnalysisofCulturalDifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternDietary
Therearedistinctivefoodculturesindifferentnationsandcountries,withstrongnationalcharacteranddiversityoffeatures.Foodproduct,duetothegeographicalfeatures,theclimateoftheenvironmentandthecustomsandsoon,willappeargreatdifferenceintherawmaterials,taste,cookingmethodsandeatinghabits.ThecomparisonofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternfoodculturewillbe