湖北省宜昌市学年高一下学期期末英语试题.docx
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湖北省宜昌市学年高一下学期期末英语试题
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湖北省宜昌市2018-2019学年高一下学期期末英语试题
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一、阅读理解
Editorsnote:
Whetherpeopleareoverworkedrecentlymadeheadlineswhenseveralinternetcompanybossessaidtheonlywayforemployeestoachievesuccessisthroughharderworkandlongerhours.Forumreaderssharetheiropinions.
Cecilia
Workingtoomanyhoursonlymeansyouarctime-wastingandinefficient(低效的).Thismeansittakesyoulongertoproducesomethingthansomeoneelse.
Agoodmanagerknowshowtoencouragehisemployeestoworkintheirfullabilityinsteadofexpectingthemtoworklateeveniftheydon'thavesomethingtodo.Peoplewhostayintheirofficeuntillatehatetheirjobsanditaffectstheirperformance,aswellasotherwaysoftheirlife.
Rosemary
Overworkingisjustmodemslavery.Inmanycountries,overworkingwouldbeattackedbecauseitshowspoorworkperformance,andthebosswouldpreferyouworkinabetterway7hoursandthengobackhomethan8hourswithpoorperformance.
NervyNowadays,it’shardforayoungpersontobuildagoodfuture,forpressuresareonhisorhershoulders:
housing,children,parents,themselves,etc.Buteveryonemustkeepworkinghardtohavethemonthewaytothegoodfuture,whichisnotcertain.What’ssureisthatifyou'relazyanddon’tworkhard,nogoodfuturewillcome.
Sunny
Idon'tthinkanyonewantstoworkovertimeThefactisthecompetitionissoextremeifyoudon’tworkhardsomeonewilleasilyandwillinglyreplaceyou,especiallyintheITindustry.Employeesaretoldtheyneedtoworklongerhoursortheywon'tgetraised.Itistimetogiveupthecultureofoverworking.
1.WhatwillhappenifCeciliaisforcedtooverwork?
A.Shewillperformtoherfullability.
B.Shewillfeelunhappytodoit.
C.Shewillasktheemployertodoit.
D.Shewillencourageotherworkerstodoit.
2.Whoseideaisalittlebitdifferentfromtheothers?
A.Cecilia.B.Rosemary.
C.NervyD.Sunny.
3.Inwhichpartofthenewspapercanyoufindthepassage?
A.Culture.B.Business.
C.Lifestyle.D.Opinion.
Itwasearlyinthespringabout15yearsagowhenIwasayoungpolicereporter,drivingtoasceneIdidn'twanttosee.Amanhadaccidentallybackedhispickuptruckoverhisbabygranddaughterinthedrivewayofthefamilyhome.
AsIarrived.Isawawhile-hairedmanincottonworkclothesstandingnearatruck,lookingtotallyconfused,hewastryingtoanswerthereporters'questions.Mostlyhewasonlymovinghislips,blinkingandchokingup.
Afterawhilethereportersgaveupoilhimmidfo1lowedthepoliceintothesmallwhitehouse.Afewminuteslater,withallthedetailsinmynotebookandathree-by-fivephotoinmyjacketpocketIwenttowardthekitchenwherediepolicehadsaidthebodywas.
Ihadbroughtacamerainwithme.Enteringthekitchen,Icameuponthisscene.
Onatablelaythetinybody,wrappedinaclearwhitesheet.SomehowthegrandfatherhadmanagedtostayawayfromthecrowdHewassittingonachairbesidethetable,lookinghelplesslyatthedeadbody.AsIwatched,thegrandfatherslowlyleanedforward,heldthelittleinhisarmsandremainedstill.
InthatmomentIrecognizedthemakingsofaprize-winningnewsphotograph.Iraisedthecamera......
EveryelementofthepicturewasperfectIdon'tknowhowmanysecondsIstoodthere,unabletopressthatshutter(快门).Ifullyrealizedthepowerfulstory-tellingvaluethatphotowouldhave,andmyprofessionalconscience(良心)toldmetolakeit.YetIcouldn'tmakemyhandmoveandbreakintothepoorman’sinnersadness.
AtlastIloweredthecameraandmovedawayquietlywithdoubtaboutmysuitabilityforthejournalisticprofession(职业).Now,sometimes,asI'mwatchingnews,Irememberthatday.
IstillfeelrightaboutwhatIdid.
4.Whydidtheauthordrivetotheman'shouse?
A.Tocomfortthepoorman.
B.Toperformaduty.
C.Tooffersomehelp.
D.Togetaprize-winningphoto.
5.Whatdoweknowaboutthegrandfatherinthepassage?
A.Hewasdeeplysorryforthelossofhisgranddaughter.
B.Hedidn'twanttoanswerthereporters'questions.
C.Hesharedlittleabouttheaccidentwiththeauthor
D.Hepurposelycreatedthescenefortheauthor'sphoto.
6.Whydidtheauthorgiveuptakingthepictureatlast?
A.Becausehepreferredbetterphotos.
B.Becausethegrandfathernoticedhim.
C.Becauseprofessionaltrainingtoldhimnotto.
D.Becausehisconsciencetoldhimtodoso.
7.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthestory?
A.Todescribeaheart-brokenscene.
B.Totelloneofhisexperiences.
C.Tolearnfromotherphototakers.
D.Topersuadepeopletopityothers
TheSouthernOceaniswellknownforitsstorms,whichcansinkshipsandcausefloodingondistantislands.Now,anewstudysuggeststhebiggestwavestherealreadytheworld'slargest—aregettingbigger,thankstofasterwinds.
Forthepast33years,globalsatelliteshavebeencollectingdataonoceanwaves—andthewindsthatdrivethem.Butexplainingthedataisdifficult:
differentsatellitescangivedifferentwindspeeds.
Toreducethosedifferences,IanYoungandAugustine’sRibald,attheUniversityofMelbourneinAustralia,comparedinformationfromdifferentsatellitesandcorrectedtheirdataagainstanindependentdatasetcollectedbyaglobalnetworkofbuoys(浮标)floatingintheocean.Whentheyweredone,atrendstoodout:
since1985,oceanwindspeedsinmostoftheworldhaveincreasedbetween1centimeterand2centimeterspersecondperyear,leadingtoincreasesinwaveheightinmanyplaces.
IntheSouthernOcean,thetrendisparticularlystrong.Forexample,althoughwindspeedstherehaveincreasedby2centimeterspersecondeachyear,thespeedofthetop10%fastestwindshasincreasedby5centimeterspersecondperyear.Andalthoughaverage(平均的)waveheightstherehaveincreasedbyjust0.3centimetersperyear,thetop10%highesthasgrownbyanaverageof1centimeterperyearagrowthof30centimeterssince1985,theyreporttodayinScience.
YoungandRibaldhavedoneagoodjobofcross-checkinganddouble-checkingfromthethreedifferenttypesofsatelliteinstrument,saysOleJohanattheUniversityofBergeninNorway.But,headds,itmightbe“optimistic”tothinkthatthedatanowcontainnoerrorsConfirmingtheireIlikelyrequiremorework,hebelieves.
8.Whatcausedtheworld’slargestwavesintheSouthernOcean?
A.ThesatellitesB.ThestormsC.ThewindsD.Thefloods
9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplain“trend”underlinedinParagraph3?
A.deepthoughtB.novelmethodC.specialgoalD.generaldirection
10.WhatcanbelearnedfromthestudyintheSouthernOcean?
A.Waveheightshaverisenby2centimeterssince1985.
B.Windsspeedshavegrownby30centimeterseachyear.
C.Thetopwaveheightshaveslowlyfallensince1985.
D.Thetopfastestwindspeedshavebeenontherise.
11.WhatdoesOleJohan'sattitudetowardsthenewstudy?
A.Hethinkshighlyofit.
B.Hetakesnointerestinit.
C.Heshowsconcernaboutit.
D.Hesaysnotoit.
Themarketforridesharingisstartingtolooklikeapie-eatingcompetitionwheretheprizeismorepie.
LiftwentpubliconMarch29,andthestock(股票)almostimmediatelywentintoaquickdropasmoney-providersnoticedthatthecompanyhadn’tmadeanymoneyyetanddidn’thaveanyclearplanstodoso.
OnApril11,Umberwentpublicinthestockmarkettoo.Thecompanysaiditcommandsmorethan50percentoftheride-hailing(叫车服务)marketinAmericaandEuropeandhadanoperatinglossofS3billionlastyear,aboutthreetimesasmuchasLiftlost.
Thinkaboutthat:
thosetwocompanieslostnearly$4billioninasingleyeartransportingpeople.
What'shappeningintheride-sharingmarketisspecialinanumberofways.
First,itofferswhatiscalled“networkeffects”:
Themoreridersyouhave,theeasieritistoattractandsenddrivers,andthemoredriversyouhave,themoreridersyouwillattract.Marketsthatdisplaynetworkeffectsprefertobenefitafewplayers,andpossiblyonlyone.
Second,ridesharinghaslowchangingcosts.It'ssimplelogetbothappsonyourphones,andmanyridersanddriversdojustthat,whichmeansfiercecompetitionovereverysingleride.
Thereareonlytwowaysthatthepricewarcanend.EitherUmberandLiftcometosomesonofagreementtoslopsellingtheirservicesbelowcost,oratleastoneofthecompaniesmayneedtodie.Andsothepie-eatingcompetitionmaycontinueforever,untileveryonebursts.Theremayfinallybenoroutetomoneyforthesecompanies,nopayofftormoney-providers.Thenumberofmajorride-sharingcompaniesmaynotbetwoorevenone,butnone.
12.WhatdoUmberandLifthaveincommon?
A.Goingpublicinstockmarket.
B.Enjoyingafinanciallybrightfuture.
C.Enteringforthepie-makingcompetition.
D.Benefitingthemoney-providers.
13.Whatdoweknowabout"networkeffects"?
A.Morenetworkcompanieswillsurvive.
B.Moreriderswillattractmoredriven.
C.Moreplayerswillcrowdthemarket
D.Moredriverswillgiveuptheuseofapps.
14.Whatisonewayouttoendthepricewar?
A.Arrivingatawin-winagreement.
B.Puttingmoremoneyintothemarket.
C.Sellingservicesbelowcost.
D.Havingfreeaccesstoeithercompany.
15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.Riding-hailingmarket,we’recoining.
B.UmberorLift,whocares?
C.Lockedinapricewaronlytwowaysout.
D.Theprizeforapie-eatingcompetition.
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二、七选五
Goodtimemanagementallowsanindividualtocompletemoreinashinerperiodoflimeandleadslocareersuccess.16..
Makeapl