中美餐桌礼仪文化对比.docx

中美餐桌礼仪文化对比.docx

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中美餐桌礼仪文化对比

河南科技学院

2011届本科毕业论文

TheDifferencesofTablemannersbetweenChineseandUnitedStates

中美餐桌礼仪文化对比

学生姓名：

王玲慧

所在系别：

____外国语言文学系

所学专业：

英语

导师姓名：

苏继秋

完成时间：

2015年5月

OntheMechanismofMetaphor

Wanglinghui

XinkeCollegeofHenanInstituteofScienceandTechnology

May,2011

Contents

Acknowledgments…………….…………..……………………………………..…...i

Abstract………………………………….……….…………………………………..ii

摘要………………………………………………………....…..…………………..ⅲ

I.Introduction…………………………………………………….…………….…….1

II..Differencesoftablemanners…………………….…….…………...….………..1

2.1Arrangementofseat…………………………………..……….……….………....2

2.1.1ArrangementofseatinChineseway……………………………………….2

2.1.2ArrangementofseatinAmericanway…………………………………......3

2.1.3Thereasonofseatarrangement…………………………………………….3

2.2Tablewars…………………………………………..………….…….…….……...5

2.2.1howtouseandwheretoputChinesetableware..........................................5

2.2.1.1Chopsticks.............................................................................................5

2.2.1.2Spoon.....................................................................................................5

2.2.1.3Plate.......................................................................................................5

2.2.1.4Glass…………………………………………………………………...6

2.2.1.5Napkin………………………………………………………………….6

2.2.2HowtouseandwheretoputAmericantableware..........................................7

2.2.2.1Knifeandfork.........................................................................................8

2.2.2.2Spoon......................................................................................................8

2.2.2.3Therightordertousetableware.............................................................8

2.2.3Reasonsthatcausethedifferencesbetweentablewares...................................9

2.3Therightorderofdishup.....................................................................................9

2.3.1Chineseorder..................................................................................................9

2.3.2Americanorder.............................................................................................10

2.3.3Differentvaluethatreflectedbythoseorder................................................10

2.4Differentatmosphereattable.................................................................................10

2.5Thewaytofinisheating........................................................................................11

3.Conclusion...............................................................................................................11

Bibliography………………………………..……………………………………….12

Acknowledgments

Fouryearsofstudylifeinthisseasondrewtoanend,butinmylifeisonlyacomma,again,Iwillfacethebeginningofthejourney.Fouryearsofacademiccareersinthesupportfromtheteachersandfriends,gohardbutharvestfullcapsule,inaforthcomingpaper,mind,andI'mrippingmad.Greatcelebrityworshipforme,butIhavemoreeagerlytomyrespectandpraiseforanordinaryperson,mymentor.Iamnotyourbeststudent,andyouaremymostrespectedteacherYourrigor,knowledgeable,thoughtful,viewholdsthatbuildagoodmentalatmosphereformeToteachfishingisbetterthanteachthemtofish,inwhich,narrative,osmosis,mademenotonlytoacceptnewideas,setupthemagnificentacademicgoals,graspthebasicwayofthinking,frompapertopicschosentoessaywritingguide,byyourlovinghands,afterthinkingagainunderstanding,oftenletmehaveallhavenoway,scenesandvillage.Thankstomymomanddad,howmuchbreakwatergrass,treeback,gratefulness,repayyou,youalwayshealthyandhappyismybiggestwish.Inthepaperthecompleted,myheartcan'tcalm,frombegantoenterthesubjectthesisiscompleted,howmanyrespectableteachersFriendsgavemespeechlesshelp,herepleaseacceptmysincereappreciation.AtthesametimealsothankcollegegraduationdesignforIprovideagoodenvironment.

Abstract

ThisessayisasepticallytalkaboutthedifferencesoftablemannersbetweenChineseandtheUnitedStates.Inthemodernsociety,theyhavealotofcrossbetweenChineseandAmericaintablemanners.IthasinfluencedChinesepeopleandAmericapeopleintheirnormallifewhichinvolvesalotofaspectsintablemanners.Aboutthisessay,wewilltalkaboutmoredifferentbetweenChineseandAmerica,forexample,thedifferentwayspeoplesitformeal,thedifferentdiningcultureanddifferenttablewaresandsoon.Atthesametime,itcanmakeusunderstandthesituation.Fromthisway,wecanknowthattheculturebackgroundofAmerica,anditisalsocanhelpChinesepeopletobuiltharmoniousrelationshipwithAmericapeople.

Keywords:

tablemanners,tableculture,difference,ChineseandAmerica,culturebackground

摘要

这篇文章特别讲述了中国和美国餐桌礼仪文化的不同之处和相同之处。

在当今的社会中，中国和美国餐桌礼仪文化有很多的交叉点。

餐桌礼仪文化在很多方面影响着中国和美国。

关于这篇文章，我们将关于中国和美国餐桌礼仪文化迥异方面进行探讨，例如，餐桌上吃饭座次的不同，不同的饮食文化，以及餐桌上的餐具不同等等。

与此同时，餐桌礼仪文化能让我们理解所处的情景。

从这个方面，我们可以知道美国的背景文化，以及它可以帮助中美人民建立良好的关系。

关键词：

餐桌文化，不同点，文化背景，餐桌礼仪

I.Introduction

Withthedevelopmentofglobaleconomy,itismorefrequentforChinesetocommunicatewithAmericaandveryeasytoknowthedifferencebetweenChineseandAmerica.oneofthemostimportantthingsisthatitiseasyforyoutolearnthedifferenceoftablemanners.

Itisverynormalforpeopletohavedinneroflife.Ontheopposite,toeatdinnerisanimportantpartofpeople’slife.“JohnLoke,awell-knownBritishphilosopheroncesaid,thepurposeofplayingaceremonialroleistochangetheoriginalstubborntogentle,sothatpeople’stempercangetmoremoderateandletpeoplelearntorespectforothersandgetalongwitheachothers.”（Duan,Chen,2008）Itisnoreasonthatsomepeoplewhodon’tknoweachotherbegintoknow.Thoseacquaintancescangetwellunderstandofothers’tosaylovetoeachother.Thereasonthatwhytablemannersissofantasticisthatitgiveusakindofwaytoacquiringmoreinformation,thereisnodoubtthattablemannersarereallyimportantinpeople’snormallife.TherehavelotsofdifferencesbetweenChineseandAmericainfoodcultures,andthisdifferenceswillmakedifferenttablemanners.

Chinaisacountrywhowithfivethousandcivilizationsintheworld.Chinesenationisthecivilizationthatisonlywiththeinheritancemillennium,buttheUnitedStatesofAmericahaveexperiencedthedarknessofMiddleAgesandtotheRenaissance,ithaddividedthecapitalismandmoderncivilization.Nowadays,globalizationhasdevelopedalot,ontheoneside,Chinesehasbecomemoreandmorestrongerthanbefore.TherealotofforeignpeoplecometoChina,andwemaybeinvitedbyAmerica’sfriends.ThisessayismainlytalkaboutthedifferencesoftablemannersbetweenChineseandAmerica.Itaimstoapproachtomakethecommunicationmoresuccessfully.

II.Differencesoftablemanners

“Socialcustomsdiffergreatlyfromonecountrytoanother.itisthereforeimpossibletogiveguidelinesthatareuniversallyapplicable.Tobehonest,youshouldactnaturally,alwaysremainingfriendly,courteous,anddignified.”（Qian,2006）.

ItisideologyforChinesetohavethecollectiveconsciousnesswhenAmericanisindividualism.ForthisreasonwhileAmericanpeopleareinvitedtojointhedinnerorparty,theywillhavetheirownplantohavewhatkindmealanddrinktheirownwine,avoidingtopushotherspeopletoaccepttheirideasnotontheirownwill.Ontheotherhand,Chinesepeoplewouldthinkthiskindofdoingisridiculous.thereasonwhytheythinksoisthatChineseculture,individualshouldhavetheconsciousness.Chinahasimportantharmonization,andtheregoestosaythatHarmonyismostprecious.SothatChinesepeopleliketocometogetherandeattogether.

2.1Arrangementofseat

2.1.1ArrangementofseatinChineseway

AsfortheseattoeatmealsinChina,Chinesepeoplealwayschooseroundtableswhentheyeattogether.IthaslotsofrulesforpeopletoeatinChina,suchas,wheretoouttheroundtable,whichseatisfortheimportantguestandsoon.

Intheoldtime,Chinesepeopleusethenumberoftabletostopthekindofbanquet.Ithastwolittletables,bothontherightandleft.Asforthelargerbanquet,willbefourorfivetables,withmorecomplicatedrulesforpeopletoobey.Thetoptablealwaysontherighthandandfarthesttoportal.What’smore,thedistancetothetoptableisalsoveryimportant.Tobehonest,theseatwhichisveryclosetothetopseatisconsiderprecedence.Forexample,whenyoutakepartinwedding,allthenumbersofyourfamilywhoistheleaderofthebridemustbearrangedthetablethatwhichisveryclosetothetoptable.Andhostsshouldarrangetheguestonthiswaybyrelationship.Therehasaveryimportthingisthatthehostsitafteralltheguesthavetheseat.

2.1.2ArrangementofseatinAmericanway

Americanpeoplearemorelikelongtableratherthanroundtablewhilehavingmealwithfriends.Thehostandthehostessaresitatbothtopofthislongtable,andtheguestsitattheotherseat.Manandwomanareshouldbearrangedtoseatalternately.Themostimportantguestwillhaveaseatatthetoperrightsideofthehost.Americangentlemanisveryfocusonaboutladyfirst,theyarealwayshospitabletoladies.ButinChina,leftishonorandtheleftissecondary;ofcourseinthefrontofrightandtheleftisslant.WhileinAmerican,rightishonorandleftissecondary.

TherightwaytotaketheseatinAmericanissitbythelefthand,elbowcannotputontothetableandyourhandsarenotallowtotouchfeet.Itisgood