英语词汇习题集13.docx

英语词汇习题集13.docx

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英语词汇习题集13

英语词汇学习题集（Chapter1—Chapter3）

                     Chapter1 TheBasicConceptsofWordsandVocabulary                         

1.Decidewhetherthefollowingaretrueorfalse.

（  ）a.Awordcanbedefinedindifferentwaysfromdifferentpointsofview.

（  ）b.Undernocircumstancescansoundandmeaningbelogicallyrelated.

（  ）c.Theintroductionofprintingpressresultedinalotmoredifferencesbetweensoundandform.

（  ）d.Thewordsapersoncanuseinspeakingandwritingformhisactivevocabulary.

（  ）e.Theprinciplesbywhichtoclassifywordsareusage,notionandorigin.

（  ）f.Nativewordsaremorepopularthanforeignwords.

（  ）g.Nativewordsenjoythesamefeaturesasthebasicwordstockandmore.

2.Giveatermforeachofthefollowingdefinitions.

a.sub-standardwordsoftenusedoninformaloccasions（  ）

b.specializedvocabularycommonincertainprofessions（  ）

c.wordsusedbysup-culturalgroupsparticularlybyundergroundsociety（  ）

d.wordsthathaveclearnotions（   ）

e.wordsofAnglo-Saxonorigin（   ）

f.wordsborrowedbywayoftranslation（   ）

g.oldwordswithnewmeanings（  ） 

Key:

1.a.（T） b.（F）  c.（T） d.（T） e.（F） f.（F）  g.（T）

2.a.slang   b.jargon   c.argot  d.contentwords  e.nativewords  f.translationloans   g.neologisms

Chapter3MorphologicalStructureofEnglishWords 

1.Explainthefollowingterms:

1）morpheme                                         2）allomorph

 3）boundmorpheme                              4）freemorpheme

5）affix                                                  6）inflectionalaffix

7）derivationalaffix                                8）root

9）stem

2.Completethefollowingsentenceswithproperwordsaccordingtothetext.

1）Structurally,awordisnotthe_________unitbecausemanywordsareanalyzableorsegmentable.

2）Themorphemeisthesmallestfunctioningunitinthecompositionof___________.

3）Morphemesfallintodifferentclassesbydifferentcriteriaofclassification.Nowpeopletenttogroupmorphemesintogroups:

_________and_________.

4）Accordingtothefunctionsofaffixes,wecanputthemintogroups:

______and_____.

5）Thenumberofinflectionalaffixesis________and________,whichmakesEnglishoneoftheeasiestlanguagestolearn.

6）Derivationalaffixescanbefurtherdividedinto__________and________.

7）A_________,whetherfreeorbound,generallycarriesthemaincomponentofmeaninginaword.

8）A________canbedefinedasaformtowhichaffixesofanykindcanbeadded. 

Key:

1.1）aminimummeaningfulunitofalanguage

2）oneofthevariantsthatrealizeamorpheme

3）amorphemethatoccurswithatleastoneothermorpheme

4）amorphemethatcanstandalone

5）amorphemeattachedtoastemoraroot

6）anaffixthatindicatesgrammaticalrelationships

7）anaffixthatformsnewwordswithastemoraroot

8）whatremainsofawordaftertheremovalofallaffixes

9）aformtowhichaffixesofanykindcanbeadded

2.1）smallest                                                           2）words

 3）freemorphemes,boundmorphemes                4）inflectional（affixes）,derivational（affixes）

 5）small,stable                                                    6）prefixes,suffixes

 7）root                                                                8）stem

Chapter4 Word Formation 

1.     Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.PutFandTinthebrackets.

（ ）a.Themostproductivewaysofword-formationareaffixation,compoundingandconversion.

（ ）b.Shorteningincludesclippingandblending.

（ ）c.Prefixationandsuffixationaretwosubbranchesofaffixation.

（ ）d.Suffixationistheformationofnewwordsbyaddingprefixestostems.

（ ）e.Compoundingistheformationofnewwordsbyjoiningtwoormorestems.

（ ）f.Thelimitednumberofverbcompoundsarecreatedeitherthroughconversionorback-formation.

（ ）g.Verbcompoundsinthewayofback-formationareformedmainlybydroppingprefixes.

（ ）h.Conversionistheformationofnewwordsbyconvertingwordsofoneclasstoanotherclass.Thesewordsarenewonlyina grammaticalsense.

（ ）i.Blendingistheformationofnewwordsbycombiningpartoftwowordsorawordplusapartofanotherword.

（ ）j.Clipping,awayofmakingawordistoshortenalongerwordbycuttingapartofftheoriginalandaddinganewparttotheoriginal.

（ ）k.Wordsformedthroughacronymyarecalledinitialismsoracronyms,dependingonthespellingofthewords.

（ ）l.Back-formationisthemethodofcreatingwordsbyremovingthesupposedsuffixes.

2.Studythefollowingwordsanddecidehoweachwordwasformed.Putyouranswerinthebracket.

Example:

disobey（affixationorprefixation）

disloyal           （   ）       harden   （   ）

mass-produce （   ）       motel     （   ）

downfall          （   ）        dorm    （   ）

incapable         （   ）       VOA     （   ）

glorify              （   ）        radar    （   ）

edit                  （   ）       sandwich （   ）

familiars           （   ）       gas          （   ）

water-proof     （  ）       quixotic   （   ）

Affixation

1.   Whatisaffixation?

2.   Whatisthedifferencebetweenprefixationandsuffixation?

3.   Whatisthefundamentaldifferencebetweenprefixesandsuffixes?

4.   MatchtheprefixesincolumnAwiththewordsincolumnB.

  A              B

   dis-        capable

   il-           willingness

   im-           legal

   in-          agreement

   non-       officially

   un-         convenient

           smoker

5.  MatchthesuffixesinColumnAwiththewordsincolumnB.

  A          B

-er         book

-let        friend

-ship       wait

-tion      china

-ese       lady

-like       protect

-able      natural

-ly         wash

-en        dark

-fy         beauty

Compounding

1.   Expressthefollowinginonecompoundword:

a.      someonewhowritessongs

b.     someonewhocleanswindows

c.      theraceforarms

d.     thetraininthemorning

e.      amineforgold

f.       batheinthesun

g.      ascheapasdirt

h.      tannedbythesun

2.   Thecompoundsineachofthefollowingpairsaresimilarinstructure.Pleaseindicatethedifferentrelationsoftheelementsofthetwocompoundsineachpairbysyntacticparaphrases.

Example:

duty-free:

freefromduties

raindrop                               flowerbed

air-tight                                sea-green

awell-meantremark            awell-behavedperson

war-ruinedhouses                country-bredboys

acomputer-designer             asun-bather

steamengine                         fireengine

silkworm                              gaslight

handwriting                           faultfinding

anocean-goingship               peace-lovingpeople

languageteacher                    baby-sitter

3.   TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:

a.      knee-deep         f.pitchdark/black

b.     life-like                g.carefree

c.      snow-white          h.soundproof

d.     nation-wide          i.fireproof

e.      shoulder-high       j.lifelong

4.   Accordingtothedefinitionsgivenbelow,writetheotherpartofthenouncompounds,thefirstpartalreadygiven. 

a.      astretchofland,roundatown,wherebuildingisnotal-lowed,sothatthefields,woods,etc.,remain:

green___________

b.    abookletgivingallthemostimportantinformationaboutasubject:

hand_______

c.    anideathatcomeslater:

after_______

d.    apillwhichhelpsapersontosleep:

sleeping_________

e.    aheadlinerepeatedonconsecutivepages（asofabook）:

running_________

f.     acloththatisusedforwashingone’sfaceandbody:

wash__________

g.     strongsunlightaswhentherearenoclouds:

sun________

h.     theactionofforcingawaythroughtheenemy:

break__________

i.      apublicshowofanger:

out__________

j.     adivisionintosmallerparts:

break_________

5.  Turnthephrasalverbsbelowintocompounds:

breakthrough    falldown   breakout

takein          slidedown  cryout

runaway        hangover

Conversion

1.   Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachstatement.

（ ）a.Conversionisamethod_________.

     A.ofturningwordsofonepartofspeechtothoseofadif-ferentpartofspeech

     B.ofconvertingwordsofonemeaningintodifferentmeaning

     C.ofderivingwordsthroughgrammaticalmeans

     D.ofchangingwordsinmorphologicalstructure

（ ）b.Wordsinvolvedinconversionaremainly_____________.

     A nouns,verbsandadverbs

     B nouns,adjectivesandverbs

     C nouns,prepositionsandverbs

     D adjectives,adverbsandverbs

（ ）c.Inaderivationalprocess,anitemisconvertedtoanewwordclasswithouttheadditionofanaffix.Thenameis______.

    A fullconversion      B partialconversion

    C functionalshift      D zero-derivation

（ ）d.Almostallmonomorphemic_______canbeconversedintonouns,whicharesemanticallyrelatedtotheoriginalverbsinvariousways.

    A verbs              B adjectives

    C adverbs            D prepositions

（ ）e.Nounsconvertedfromadjectivesnaveallthecharacteristicsofnounsandachieveafullnounstatus,thusknownas____________.

    A partialconversion    B fullconversion

    C functionalshift      D grammaticalshift

（ ）f.Nounspartiallyconvertedfromadjectivesdonotpossessalltheq