玉佛寺英文导游词.docx

玉佛寺英文导游词.docx

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玉佛寺英文导游词

玉佛寺英文导游词

　　Ladiesandgentlemen,todaywearegoingtovisitafamousBuddhisttemple---theJadeBuddhaTemple.Beforevisitingthetemple,I’dliketosayafewwordsaboutthereligioussituationinShanghai.OurconstitutionstipulatesthateveryChinesecitizenisensuredthefreedomofreligiousbelief.TherearefourmajorreligionsinpracticeinShanghai,namely,Buddhism,Taoism,Islam,andChristianity,whichissub-dividedintotheCatholicChurchandtheProtestantChurch.WhenitcomestoBuddhisttemplesinChina,theyareusuallyclassifiedintothreesects,i.e.templesformeditation,forpreachingandforpracticingBuddhistdisciplines.TheJadeBuddhaTempleisatempleformeditation,andiswell-knownbothathomeandabroad.

　　ThetemplewasfirstbuiltduringthereignofEmperorGuangxuofQingDynasty,whenamonknamedHuiGenwentonapilgrimagetoBurmaandbroughtbackfivejadestatuesofSakyamuni.OnhiswaybacktoMountPutuoviaShanghai,helefttwojadestatueshere,oneinsittingpostureandtheother,reclining.Hehadatemplespeciallybuiltasashrineforthesetwostatuesin1882.laterthetemplewaspartlydestroyedbyfireandin1928anewtemplewascompletedonthepresentsite.

　　Justoppositethetemplegate,therestandsagiantscreenwall.Variousdesigns,suchasdragon,phoenix,elephant,craneandpeonyarecarvedonit.InChineselegend,allthesethingsareconsideredthesymbolsoffortune,wealth,longevityandauspiciousness.Chinesepeopleusedtosetupawallinfrontofthehousesoastokeeptheevilsaway.

　　Nowladiesandgentlemen,pleaseturnaround.Herewecanseethetemplegate.ItisalsocalledtheSanmenGate,orsay,theGateofThreeExtrications.ThedoorinthemiddleiscalledtheDoorofEmptiness,toitsrightistheDoorofNon-phenomenon,andtoitsleft,theDoorofNon-Action.SanmenGateisalsocalledtheMountainGatebecausemostfamoustemplesinChinaarefounddeepinmountains.ButtheSanmengatedoesnotopenexceptonthefirstandthefifteenthofeverylunarmonth.Nowthiswaytotheentrance.

　　Ladiesandgentlemen,thefirsthallistheHeavenlyKingHall.Wewillusethereardoor,pleasefollowme.

　　（intheHeavenlyKingHallnexttothesouthernentrance）

　　Herewecanfindthestatueofafatandsmilingmonkwithbaredbelly.HeisBodhisattvaMaitreya.Hissmileissocontagiousthatyouwillsmilewithhimandforgetallyourworries.SoheisalsocalledtheLaughingBuddha.AccordingtoBuddhistscripture,heisnowpracticingBuddhismintheTusitaHeaven.After4000years,whichisequalto5.67billionyearsontheearth,hewillbecomesuccessortoSakyamuniunderaLongHuaTreeinHualinGarden.HenceanothernametheFutureBuddha.ButthisstatueweseehereisnottherealimageofBodhisattvaMaitreya,itisjusthisincarnation..itissaidthatDuringtheFiveDynastiesPeriod,1000yearsago,therelivedinFenhuainZhejiangProvinceamonknamedQiCi,whoalwayscarriedawoodenstaffwithaclothsackonhisshoulder.Heoftenwentaroundtownsandinstreetstobegalms.Thereforehebecameknownas“theClothSackMonk”.Healwayssmiledandlaughed,lookingashappyasever.Whenhewasdying,heleftthemessagesayingthathewastheincarnationofBodhisattvaMaitreya.SohisimageisenshrinedintheBuddhistTempleastheincarnationofBodhisattvaMaitreya.

　　（ontheeasternsideoftheHeavenlyKingHall）

　　Onthetwosidesofthehallareenshrinedfourstatues.Theyareso-calledFourHeavenlyKings.IntheBuddhistlegend,thereisinthecenteroftheworldahighestmountaincalledMountSumeru.HalfwayonitisamountaincalledMountGhandarawithfourpeaks.OneachpeaklivesaHeavenlyKingprotectingtheBuddhistheaven.ThefirstoneistheSouthernKing---KingofDevelopingMerits.Hisdutyistoeducatealllivingcreaturesanddevelopking-heartedness.Heisholdingaswordinhishandwhichcanemitaraytochopofftheenemies’heads.TheonenexttohimistheEasternKing---KingofProtectionforBuddhism.Heisholdinginhishandapipa,whichissomewhatlikeaguitar.Withthispipa,heoffersmusictotheBuddha.Meanwhilethispipaisamagicweapon.Itcansendoutamusicalrhythmtodefeattheenemybytormentingbrainandcausinghimtolosecombatability.Nowladiesandgentlemen,pleasecomeovertothisside.

　　（onthewesternsideoftheHeavenlyKingHall）

　　ThefirstoneonthissideistheNorthernKing---KingofVirtue.Heissocalledbecauseofhisvirtue.Heisholdingaparasol-shapedstelainhishand.TheparasolcanbeopenedintoacanopyinBuddhistprocessions.Itisatthesametimeamagicumbrella.Onceitisopenedinthebattlefield,theskyturnsdarkandawind-stormrises,defeatingtheenemywithadizzyspellandthenitclosesupcapturingalltheenemies.NexttohimistheWesternKing---KingofFarSight.Heobservestheworldwithhispenetratingeyes.Heisholdingadragon-shapedsilkrope.Theropeisactuallyanet,withwhichheconvertspeopletoBuddhismjustlikecatchingfishwithanet.Thisdragonalsohasamagicpower.Itcanspurtwaterfromitsmouthanddrowntheenemyinfloods.

　　（intheHeavenlyKingHallnexttothereardoor）

　　TheStatuefacingthereardoorisBodhisattvaSkanda.Heisalwaysdressedinarmourwithaworrior’sclubinhishand.OriginallyhewasoneoftheeightheavenlygeneralsundertheSouthernKingofDevelopingMerits.Laterhehasbeenenshrinedherebecauseofhisbravery.Heisalsoagodofmessage,afleet-footrunner,sowhenvisitorscometothetemple,hewillimmediatelyreporttotheBuddhaintheGrandHall.

　　Nowladiesandgentlemen,that’sallfortheHeavenlyKingHall.Pleasefollowmeandlookoutthethresholdandthesteps.

　　Nowwecanseeagianttripodinthecourtyard.Itisactuallyagiantincenseburner.ItwasdonatedbysomeBuddhistlaymenwhobelievedthatbydonatingsomethingtheBuddhatheycanhelppurifythesoulsoftheirdeadrelativesfromsinsandrelievethemfrompurgatory.

　　Nowthisisthemainhall,knownastheGrandHallorGrandHalloftheGreatSage.ItisthemainstructureineveryBuddhisttemple,wherethestatueofSakyamuni,thefounderofBuddhismisenshrined.

　　（intheGrandHall）

　　Ladiesandgentlemen,inthemiddleofthehallisthestatueofSakyamuni,thefounderofBuddhism.OnhisrightisMedicineBuddhaandonhisleftisAmitabhaBuddha.Eachisseatedonalotusblossomandhasabackhalo.Sakyamuni’soriginalnamewasSiddharthaGautama.HewasacontemporaryofConfucius.Hewasborntoawarrior’sfamilyintheHimalayanfoothillinancientIndia,orsay,inpresent-dayNepal.Hespenthisyouthingreatluxury.Butherenouncedthehumanworldattheageof29insearchofanultimatesolutiontotheproblemsofhumansufferings.Aftersixyearsofspiritualdisciplinehegotenlightenedattheageof35.hespenttheremaining45yearsofhislifeteachinghisreligionandestablishingacommunityformonkstocontinuehiswork.Hewasentitled“Sakyamuni”,whichmeans“thegreatsageoftheSakyaClan”.Hediedattheageof80.

　　OnhischestthereisasignthatresemblesaswastikabutithasnothingtodowithHitler’sfascismbecauseitisinaninvertedorder.Itisactuallyareligioustalismanusedinancientorient,symbolizingtheconcentrationofhappinessandauspiciousness.

　　TheMedicineBuddhaisresponsiblefortheEasternBrightWorld.Sincehecanrelievepeopleofallpainsandsufferings,heiscalledtheMedicineBuddha.Heisholdingawheel,whichsignifiestheunremittingeffortofconvertingpeopletoBuddhismjustliketurningawheel.

　　AmitabhaBuddhaisinchargeoftheWesternParadise.HeisholdingagoldenlotusblossomstandwithwhichheextraditesBuddhistbelieverstotheWesternPureLand,thereforeheisalsocalledtheBuddhaofGuidance.

　　InfrontoftheMedicineBuddhaisahollowwoodenfish.Itisactuallyaninstrumentusedbythemonkstoaccompanythechantingoftheirprayers.ButdoyouhappentoknowwhyitisinthepatternofafishNowletmetellyouaboutit.Themonksthinkthatfishisthemostdiligentanimalintheworldbecauseitneverclosesitseyes,thereforetheimageofthefishisusedtoadvisepeoplethattheyshouldpracticeBuddhismasdiligentlyasthefish.

　　Onbothsidesofthehallstand20HeavenlyGods,allprotectorsofBuddhistlaws.TheyallbendslightlyasiftheyarelisteningattentivelytoSakyamuni’spreaching.

　　ThefirstoneontherightsideisBrahma,thechiefgodofBrahmanisminancientIndia.ItwasbelievedinancientIndiathatalllivingcreaturesintheworld,includinggodsandmen,werecreatedbyhimandhewasthushonoredastheGreatCreator.NexttohimisYamaraja,theGodofHell,whoisinchargeofthenetherworld.

　　ThefourthoneonthissideisGoddessofLovingChildren.Thereisaninterestingstoryabouther.Itissaidthatbeforeshebecameagoddessshewasawickedwoman.Sheherselfhadmanychildren,500inall,including3sonsand497daughters.HerfavoritechildwasheryoungestsonnamedAiNu,nowstandingbyherside.Asshealwaysatethechildrenofotherpeople,Buddhadecidedtoconverther.Oneday,hehidAiNuinajar.Whenthewomanfoundherchildmissingshelookedforhimeverywherebutcouldnotfindhim.ThenBuddhacameuptoherandsaid,“Ifyouareworriedwhenyourchildismissing,whataboutothermotherswhosechildrenyouhaveeaten”Fromthenonshebegantodisciplineherselfandfinallybecameagoddess.

　　ThisistheEmperoroftheSolarPalace,orsaytheChineseApolo,oppositehimistheChineseDiana,theemperoroftheLunarPalace.Thel