学年高二英语下学期课堂达标检测1.docx

学年高二英语下学期课堂达标检测1.docx

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学年高二英语下学期课堂达标检测1

Module4 MusicBorninAmerica

第二部分：

阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

      Oftencalledastrangegenius,SydBarrett（1946-2006）formedthesupergroupPinkFloydin1965andwrote,sangandplayedguitaronalltheirearlyhitrecords,includingthe1967masterpiece PiperattheGatesofDawn.Heleftthebandin1968afterexperiencingsomekindofbreakdownduetothepressuresofstardom（明星身份）andtouring.Hemadetwosoloalbums, TheMadcapLaughs andBarrett,bothreleased（发行）in1970,whichcontinuetosellwell.

      Barrettthenleftthemusicbusinesscompletely,decidingamusician'slifewasnotforhim.Hedidnotmakeanymusicatallafter1974.Onceahouseholdname,heisnowmoreorlessforgottenexceptbyhisfans.HemovedbacktohishometownofCambridgeandstartedtousehisoriginalnameofRogerBarrett.Helivedalone,quietlyspendinghistimepaintingandgardening.Hereceivedasix-figureincomefromhisPinkFloydroyalties（著作权使用费）,buthiscontactwiththeoutsideworldwasextremelysmall.Althoughhehadn'tappearedorspokeninpublicsincethemid-1970s,fansandjournalistsstillattemptedtocontacthim.

In1971ajournalisttrackedhimdown.Sydtoldthereporterthathewalkedalot,painted,wastedtimeandfearedgettingold.AnotherjournalistreportedthatafatmanansweredthedoorandsaidthatSydcouldn'ttalk.In1992,AtlanticRecordsofferedhalfamilliondollarsforanynewSydBarrettrecordings.

Barrettwasreallyafamous recluse.Hisfamilyreportedthathewassatisfiedandreasonablyhealthy.Morerecently,whenfansorjournalistscalledonhimhewaspolite,butunwillingtodiscusshispastasafamousrockstar.Talkingtoonejournalistonhisdoorstepin2001,Sydaskedhimtoleaveashedidn'tdointerviewsanymore.

21.WhydidSydBarrettleavePinkFloyd?

A.Hefeltstressedasastar.

B.Hesufferedfromaseriousdisease.

C.Hewasworriedabouthispersonalsafety.

D.Hewasofferedhigherpaybyanotherband.

22.AccordingtoParagraph2,SydBarrett_____.

A.movedtoanothercountry

B.endedhislifeasamusician

C.continuedtowritemusicforPinkFloyd

D.wasforgottenbyhisfansandthemedia

23.Theunderlinedword“recluse”inthelastparagraphreferstosomeonewho_____.

A.hasanxietydisorders

B.avoidsmediaattention

C.comesbackafteralongtime

D.stickstohisdreamsandbeliefs

B

DearEditor,

      Pleasepublishmorearticlesaboutwomenscientists.Womenscientistshavemadeoutstandingcontributionstotheworld.Thesewomenmakeexcellentrolemodels.MoreyoungwomenmaychoosescienceasaprofessionifwomenreadfeaturedarticlesonfemalescientistslikeMarieCurieandRachelCarson.Bothwomenwereencouragedtostudyscience,andtheybothaccomplishedgreatthings.

Withherfather'sencouragement,MarieCuriemadetheworldabetterplacethroughherscientificaccomplishments.Shestudiedtheemission（放射）ofraysfromuranium（铀）,afeatureshecalled“radioactivity （放射性）.” Later,Curieandherhusband,alsoascientist,processedthemineralpitchblendebeforeseparatingtworadioactiveelements（元素）.Withthisdiscovery,MarieCurieearnedherdoctorate,andshortlythereafter,bothsheandherhusbandwereawardedthe1903NobelPrizeinphysics.In1911MarieCuriewontheNobelPrizeinchemistryforherworkwiththenewlydiscoveredelements;thisworklaidthefoundationforX-raysandatomicphysics.

WhenRachelCarsonwasyoung,hermotherencouragedhertostudynature.Asanadult,shebecameknownasthemotherofthemodernenvironmentalmovement.Afterstudyingmarinebiologyandzoologyincollege,Carsonworkedasagovernmentscientistandwroteseveralbooksonhowalllivingthingsrelatetoeachother.In1951herbook TheSeaAroundUs madescientificknowledgeabouttheseaaccessibletothegeneralreaderandremainedonthebest-sellerlistforeighty-sixweeks.In1962Carsonwrote SilentSpring,abookthathelpedleadtoimprovementsintheuseofchemicalpesticides（农药）.

HumanshavebenefitedgreatlyfromtheworkofMarieCurieandRachelCarson.Whatifthesewomenhadnotbeenencouragedtobecomescientists?

Ibelievethatweneedtoencourageyoungwomentoenterthefieldofscience.Withthatgoalinmind,Isincerelyhopeyourmagazinecanpublishmorearticlesaboutthecontributionsthatwomenmaketoscience.

                                Sincerely,

                                AnnieBastien,Grade7

     CapistranoMiddleSchool

24.Accordingtothetext,MarieCurie_____.

A.achievedsuccesswithherfather'shelp

B.separatedtworadioactiveelementsalone

C.madecontributionstothestudyofX-rays

D.wontheNobelPrizetwicewithherhusband

25.WhatcanwelearnaboutRachelCarson?

A.Shewasaphysicistandchemist.

B.Herbookshadagreatinfluenceonthepublic.

C.Shewasinspiredbyherfathertobecomeascientist.

D.Herroleasanenvironmentalistwasrarelyknownbypeople.

26.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?

A.Sheaimstobecomeascientist.

B.Shelikesreadingandwritingstories.

C.Shehasagreatinterestinwomenscientists.

D.Shewantstopublisharticlesinthemagazine.

27.Theletterwaswrittento_____.

A.introducesomewomenrolemodels

B.praisewomenscientists'contributions

C.offerthemagazineeditorsomesuggestions

D.provideinformationaboutwomenscientists

C

Quickerandfaster3-Dprintershaveallowednotjustamazingobjectstobecreated,buthavestartedtoaffecthowdoctorstreatpatients.

We'veputtogetheralistofsomeofthemostamazingmedicalbreakthroughsmadepossiblewith3-Dprinting.

Life-SavingAirway

In2018,doctorscreatedanewairwayforKaibaGionfriddo,aboybornwithanairwaythatkeptcollapsing（萎陷）.TosavehislifedoctorsprintedtinytubestojointogetherindifferentshapesandsizesuntilonefinallyworkedforKaiba.ItwasplacedinKaiba'sbronchus（支气管）sothatitnolongercollapsed.Evenmoreremarkably,oncetheplantwasplaceditcouldstaythere.It'sdesignedtoeventuallybeabsorbedintothebody.

New“Bionic”Hands

      Oneofthemostremarkableways3-Dprintingisnowbeingusedisasawaytocreate prosthetics（假肢）.AboybornwithoutanarmnamedAlexwasabletogetanew “bionic” handthankstoit.Lastyearacollegestudentspent8weekscomingupwithaspecialprostheticdesignthatonlycostafewhundreddollarsinmaterials.Hesaidhewantedtocreateaprostheticfarcheaperthanotherchoicesthatcanruntensofthousandsofdollars.

APracticeHeart

InSeattle,doctorshavebeenabletouse3-Dprintingtechnologyto“practice”riskyoperationssothattheywillfacefewersurprisesintheoperatingroom.KamiSuttonwasbornwithherheart“inthewrongplace”.Forarecentoperationherdoctorwasabletotakemanyscans（扫描）ofSutton'sheartandprintoutamodel. “Kami'sheartistrulyone-of-a-kind,” Dr.StephanSeslar,aheartdiseasespecialistsaid. “Operatingonherwithoutunderstandingthestructureofherheartbettercouldbeverydangerous.”

ANewSkull

AU.K.manwasabletohavepartofhisskull（颅骨）rebuiltthankstoa3-Dprinter.StephenPowerbrokehischeekbonesinacrash.TohelpPowerhisdoctorsinsteadcreated3-Dbonesallcarefullyprintedintheshapeofhisface. “Thisisreallythefirsttimewe'vetakenittothisstage,whereeverythinghasbeenplannedandmodeledinadvance—andworkedsweetly,”saidAdrianSugar,adoctor.

28.Whatisspecialaboutthe3-Dprintedairway?

A.Ituseshigh-techmaterials.

B.Itvariesinshapesandsizes.

C.Itcanbeabsorbedbythebody.

D.Itcanpreventanydiseaseintheairway.

29.Whatistheadvantageofthenew“bionic”hand?

A.Itsprice.

B.Itseffects.

C.Itsmaterials.   

D.Itsshapedesign.

30.Howcan3-Dprintingtechnologyhelpdoctorsintheoperatingroom?

A.Ithelpsthemgetbetterscans.

B.Itguaranteesthesuccessofoperations.

C.Itenablesthemtopracticeandlearnmore.

D.Ithelpsthemtodealwithpatients'anxiety.

31.WhatdoesAdrianSugarthinkofthenewskullprintedby3-Dtechnology?

A.Hehasdoubtsaboutit.

B.Hethinkshighlyofit.

C.Itneedstobebetterplanned.

D.Itfunctionswellbutneedsimproving.

D

Scientistshavelongknownthatturtles,likemanyanimals,findtheirwayanddirectionatseabysensingtheinvisiblelinesofEarth'smagneticfield（磁场）,similartohowsailorsuselatitudeandlongitude（经度）.Buttheydidn'tknowhowturtleswereabletoreturntotheveryspotwheretheywereborn.

Nowastudyhastheanswer:

TurtlesalsorelyonEarth'smagneticfieldtofindtheirwayhome.That'sbecauseeachpartofthecoastlinehasitsownmagneticsignature,whichtheanimalsrememberandlateruseasaninternalcompass. It'snotaneasyway,though—themagneticfieldturnsslowly,andturtleshavetochangetheirnestingsitesinresponse.“It'sprettyamazinghowthesecreaturescanfindtheirwaythroughthisvastexpanseofnothing,”saidstudyco-authorJ.RogerBrothers.

Turtleshaveagreatrangethatsurroundsallbutthecoldestwatersoftheworld'soceans.Thoughtheytravelhundredsofmilesouttosea,turtlesseemtoprefercoastalareas.

Everyyear,thousandsofvolunteerswalkalongFlorida'ssandybeachestocountturtle'snestingsites,whichprovidesscientistswitharichpopulationdataset.Atthesametime,researchershavebeenstudyingslightchangesinEarth'smagneticfieldalongFlorida'scoaststomeasurehowthefield'sstrengthandothercharacterschangeovertime.Brothersandhiscolleaguescombinedthecitizen-sciencedataonturtlenestsandofficialdataaboutthemagneticfieldto