巧记英语谚语备战高考.docx
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巧记英语谚语备战高考
巧记英语谚语备战2008高考
http:
//www.TL 作者:
王立新 文章来源:
天利考试信息网 更新时间:
2008-4-2314:
04:
41
谚语是洋溢着文化气息的哲理性语言,是智慧的结晶。
历年的高考英语试题中的谚语的出现频率越来越高,它通常与情景对话题、交际用语题、完形填空题、阅读理解等题型结合,用来提供情景或点明观点主旨。
在写作中,如果考生能够运用几句谚语表达,会更提升作文层次,使自己的作文在众多高考作文中让阅卷老师眼前一亮。
一、 情景交际中的谚语知识
英语谚语文字精练、表达生动、情景性强,因此常用在情景交际题中作为试题背景。
如2007年高考英语再次出现了考查谚语知识的试题:
(2007年江苏卷26)Youmaynothaveplayedverywelltoday,butatleastyou’vegotthroughtothenextroundand___.
A.tomorrownevercomes B.tomorrowisanotherday
C.neverputofftilltomorrow D.thereisnotomorrow
正确答案为B。
A.明日复明日,明日何其多;我生待明日,万事成蹉跎。
(因为永远有明天,也就永远会宕延)
B.明天又是新的一天。
(有明天就有希望)
C.今日事,今日做。
(今日事,今日毕)
D.切莫依赖明天。
全句意思是:
你今天或许表现欠佳,但至少可以参加下一轮的比赛,有明天就有希望。
将谚语溶入考题中是开放探究和激发创新新思维类试题的一个亮点,反映了英语试题鲜活、开放、新颖的特点,也为2008年的高考备考提供了依据和方向。
二、阅读理解中的谚语知识
谚语包含了朴素的哲理和深刻的寓意,用在阅读理解题中常用来推断、总结、做结论。
考试需要透过文字的表层信息进行推理、分析、理解文章的真正内涵,找准文章意义与谚语寓意的切入点。
请看下面两篇阅读理解:
A
Youhearthesamecomplaintallthetime:
“Mymemoryisterrible.”Isitallinthemind,ordorealchangestakeplaceinthebrainwiththepassingoftime?
Theansweristhatthebrain’scellsdeclineanddiewithage.However,accordingtoProfessorArthurShimamuraoftheUniversityofCalifornia,peoplevarygreatlyinhowtheychangementallywithage,aswellashowmuchtheirmentalabilitydeclines.
Therearethreemainwaysinwhichmentalfunctionchanges.Thefirstconcernsspeed,suchashowquicklyyoucanreacttofast-movingincidentsontheroad.Driversintheirlateteensreactquicklybutoftendrivetoofast,whiletheover-60’saremorecarefulbutreactmoreslowly.Thistypeofmentalslowingresultsfromareductionintheefficiencywithwhichthebrains’sneurons(神经细胞) work.
Thefactthatadultsfindithardertolearnmusicalinstrumentthanchildrenpointstoasecondtypeofmentaldecline,thelossoflearningabilitywithage.Thepartofthebrainwhichisknowntocontrolnewlearningisparticularlysensitivetotheeffectsofageing.Thismeanswehavetodependmoreondiariesandothermentalaidsaswegetolder,takelongertolearnanewlanguageandareslowertomasternewthingsatwork.
“Workingmemory”isthethirdbrainfunctionthatissensitivetotheeffectsofageing.Absentmindednessoccursatallagesbecauseofimperfectionsintheworkingmemorysystem.Forexample,youmaycontinuallyloseyourglasses,orfindyourselfwalkingintoaroomofyourhouseonlytofindthatyoucannotrememberwhatyoucamefor.Suchabsent-mindednessalsooccursmoreoftenaswegetolder.
However,evidencealsoshowsthattheprinciple“useitorloseit”appliestotheageingbrain.ProfessorShimamurastudiedagroupofuniversityprofessorswhowerestillmentallyactive,andcomparedtheirperformanceonneuro–psychologicaltestswiththatofothersoftheiragegroup,aswellaswithyoungerpeople.Hefoundthatonseveraltestsofmemory,thementallyactiveprofessorsintheir60’sandearly70’sperformedbetterthanthoseofthesameage,andaswellastheyoungergroup.
问题:
Whichofthefollowingwell-knownsayingsbestexpressestheideaofthethirdparagraph?
A.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.
B.Youcan’tteachanolddognewtricks.
C.Wherethere’sawill,there’saway.
D.It’snevertoooldtolearn.
答案:
B
解析:
A.双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。
B.老狗学不到新把戏。
(朽木不可雕。
)
C.有志者事竟成。
D.活到老,学到老。
B
Lifeisrawmaterial.Weareartisans(n.工匠).Wecansculptourexistenceintobeautifulordebase (vt.降低,贬低) itintougliness.It’sinourhands.----CathyBetter.
It’sinOurHands
Isn’titamazinghowfewofusaskourselvestheimportantquestion?
Severalyearsago,IwasinvitedtohearanimportantspeakeraddressthestudentsbodyofasmallcollegeinSouthCarolina.Theauditoriumwasfilledwithstudentsexcitedabouttheopportunitytohearaspeakerofherstatus(n.地位,身份) speak.Afterthegovernorgavetheintroduction,thespeakermovedtothemicrophone,lookedattheaudiencefromlefttoright,andbegan:
“Iwasborntoamotherwhowasdeafandcouldn’tspeak.Idon’tknowwhomyfatherisorwas.ThefirstjobIeverhadwasinacottonfield.”
Theaudiencewasspellbound.“Nothinghastoremainthewayitisifthat’snotthewayapersonwantittobe.Shecontinued“itisn’tluck,anditisn’tcircumstances,anditisn’tbeingbornacertainwaythatcausesaperson’sfailuretobecomewhatitbecomes.”Andshesoftlyreported,“Nothinghastoremainthewayitisifthat’snotthewayapersonwantsittobe.”
“Allapersonhastodo,”sheaddedinafirmvoice,“tochangeasituationthatbringsunhappinessordissatisfactionanswersthequestion:
‘HowdoIwantthissituationtobecome?
’thenthepersonmustcommittotallytopersonalactionsthatcarrythemthere.”
Thenabeautifulsmileshoneforthasshesaid,,“MynameisAzieTaylorMorton.Istandbeforeyoutodayastreasurer(n.财务主管) oftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.”
问题:
Whichofthefollowingcanbesttellthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
B.Experienceisthebestteacher.
C.Afallintothepit,againinyourwit.
D.Stillwatersrundeep.
答案:
A
解析:
A.有志者,事竟成。
B.经验是最好的老师。
(有经历必受益)
C.吃一堑,长一智。
D.静水流深。
(沉默者深谋。
)
在做这类题目的时候,考生首先要正确理解谚语的意思,再结合文意选出正确答案。
这就要求考生平时多积累总结,比如专门准备一个谚语手册,平时学习阅读中遇到谚语或好的句子就把它写下来,日积月累,语言运用能力自然就上去了。
三、书面表达中的谚语知识
将寓意深刻、富有哲理的谚语运用到英语写作中可起到描绘生动、画龙点睛的作用,从而提高作文的得分档次。
例如:
(2007年福建)假设你是林华,福建省某中学高三学生,请你根据以下学生会倡议书的内容给某英文报社写一封信,叙述拟开展活动的内容并发表自己的看法。
注意:
1.信的开头语已经给出,不计入总词数;
2.可根据内容要点适当发挥,但不要逐条翻译;
3.词数100左右:
4.参考词汇:
增进promote;鼓励节约encourageecononmy
Deareditor,
IamastudentofSeniorThreeinamiddleschoolinFujianProvince.
Yourssincerely,
LinHua
分析:
本篇书面表达的主旨增进节约,提倡互助友爱。
据此,我们能想到的谚语有:
Savingisgetting.(节约而后有。
/节约就是获得。
)
Wastenot,wantnot.(不浪费,不愁缺。
)
……
以此来点明主旨,表明自己对赠书活动的支持与赞赏态度。
Onepossibleversion:
Deareditor,
IamastudentofSeniorTreeinamiddleschoolinFujianProvince.
Inorderthatwecanmakethebestoflearningmaterials,theStudents’Unionofourschoolisarranginganactivity.WestudentsofSeniorThreearecalledontogiveawayourusedbooks,newspapersormagazinestothestudentsinthelowergrades.Theidea,whichisintendedtopromotefriendshipandencourageeconomy,ishighlypraisedandsupportedbytheteachersandstudentsalike.Theactivitywilllastabouttendays,fromJune10to20.
Savingisgetting./Wastenot,wantnot.Asastudent,Iamstronglyfortheactivitybecauseitisverymeaningfulandhelpful.Ihopethatthiskindofactivitywillcontinueinthefuture.
Yourssincerely,
LinHua
(2007年江苏卷)
2007年4月29日上午10点到11点,全国亿万学生阳光体育活动在各地大中小学校同时进行,江苏省1,100万学生积极参与了这项活动。
教育部倡导学生:
•每天锻炼一小时
•健康工作五十年
•幸福生活一辈子
请你根据以上提示,用英语准备一份发言稿,向同学们讲述一下阳光体育活动的有关情况,并就高三学生是否需要每天花一小时锻炼,谈谈你的看法及理由。
注意:
①发言稿应包括以上所有信息,要有适当发挥。
②词数:
120左右。
发言稿的开头和结尾已经写好,不计入总词数。
③参考词汇:
阳光体育活动——anationalstudentsportsprogram;
教育部——theMinistryofEducation
Goodafternoon,everyone,
____________________________________________________________________
Thankyou!
分析:
可选用Healthisgreatriches.(健康是笔大财富。
)来说明健康的重要性。
Onepossibleversion:
Goodafternoon,everyone.
OnthemorningofApril29,2007,from10:
00to11:
00,hundredsofmillionsofstudentsfromprimary,middleschoolsanduniversitiesalloverChinajoinedinanationalstudentsportsprogram.ElevenmillionstudentsinJiangsutookanactivepartinthisprogram.
TheMinistryofEducationcallsonstudentstoexerciseforanhoureveryday,inthehopethattheywillhavegoodhealthtoworkfiftyyearsandenjoythewholelife.
Theadvocationisgoodforourstudents,especiallyinGradeThree.ThestudentsinGradeThreeshouldhavesportsforonehoureveryday.Aslongaswehaveahealthybody,wecanachieveourgoal.Andwewillbeastrongpowertoconstructourcountry.
Mydearfriends,comeon!
Healthisgreatriches.Letusbuildourstrongandhealthybodysoastosparenoefforttocontributetoourcountry.
Thankyou!
考题回放:
1.---Ittookmetenyearstobuildupmybusiness,anditalmostkilledme.
---Well,youknowwhattheysay.____.(2006•江苏卷)
A.Thereisnosmokewithoutfire B.Practicemakesperfect
C.AllroadsleadtoRome D.Nopains,nogains
2.Ifyouaretraveling____thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown,pleasedoasRomansdo.(2006•天津卷)
A.inwhich B.what C.when D.where
3.…Analyzingthelawofthetalion---aneyeforaneye,atoothforatooth---WilliamIanWillerpresentsanoriginalthinkingovertheconceptof“payback”…(2006•上海卷阅读C篇)
Theword“talion”inintroducingthebookEyeforanEyeisprobablyaconceptof____.
A.medicine B.trade c.avenging D.striving
4.---Neverthoughttoseeyouhere,Jay!
---____.
A.It’sasmallworld B.Don’tletitworryyou
C.It’salwaysthecase D.I’dliketomeetyoueveryday
5.---I’vegivenupsmokingalready,darling.
---Youshouldhavetakenthedoctor’sadviceyearsago.____,anyway.
A.Betterlatethannever B.It’seasiersaidthandone
C.Nopains,nogains D.Wellbegunishalfdone
6.“Firstcome,first____”isanEnglishproverb.
A.servi