上海进才中学阅读理解中考英语专项训练含答案解析.docx
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上海进才中学阅读理解中考英语专项训练含答案解析
上海进才中学阅读理解中考英语专项训练含答案解析
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编
1．阅读理解
EachyearonFeb21,UNESCO（联合国教科文组织）holdsanInternationalMotherLanguageDay（IMLD）.Theeventistohelppeopletopayattentiontothedisappearanceoftheworld'slanguages;manyofthemaredisappearingeachyear.UNESCOseesthisasaterriblefact.
Whathappenswhenalanguagediesout?
Somethinggreatislost-notjustsoundsandmarksbutthewaythatpeopleunderstandtheworldandcommunicatewitheachother.Wekeepdifferentculturesandtraditionsthroughlanguages.Killalanguageandallthesearekilledtoo.
ThroughIMLD,moreandmorepeoplecometorealizeheterriblesituationandtrytostopit.
Google's2018Endangered（濒临灭绝的）LanguagesProjectisagoodexample.Manyspeakersandprotectorsofendangeredlanguagesupload（上传）texts,audiosandvideostotheprojectwebsite.Theywanttointroducethewaythatpeoplecommunicateandexpressthemselvesaroundtheworld.
TheMyaamiaProjectisthesamekindofefforttorevivethelanguagespokenbytheMiamitribes（部落）oftheUnitedStates.Projectmembersworktoencouragepeopletostudyandcommunicatewiththislanguage,whichdiedoutinthe1960s.
Theseactivitiesgivelifetothoseendangeredlanguages.PeoplewhoworktokeepLanguagesalivearenotlimitedtothepast.Manyyoungpeopledesignappsandusesocialmediatosupporttheiractivities.They"spreadtheword"tosavetheworld.
So,whiletheproblemofdisappearinglanguagesremainsaveryseriousone,thereishope.Weallhaveaspecialfeelingofourmotherlanguage.ThisiswhyweshouldrememberthewisewordsoflatepresidentofSouthAfrica,NelsonMandela:
"Ifyoutalktoamaninalanguageheunderstands,thatgoestohishead.Ifyoutalktoamaninhisownlanguage，thatgoestohisheart."
（1）UNESCOholdsIMLDeveryyearinordertohelppeopleto________.
A. learnanduseendangeredlanguages
B. showtheirtalentsinlearninglanguages
C. practicereadingskillsofmotherlanguages
D. realizethesituationofendangeredlanguages
（2）WhatdidpeopledoinGoogle's2018EndangeredLanguagesProject?
A. DiscusshowtomakegooduseofGoogle.
B. Offeronlinecoursesonendangeredlanguages.
C. Sharematerialsaboutendangeredlanguagesonline.
D. Translateendangeredlanguagesintomotherlanguages.
（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"revive"meaninParagraph（段落）4?
A. 创造 B. 学习 C. 复活 D. 清除
（4）Whatcanweinfer（推断）fromParagraph5?
A. Itismoredifficulttoprotectendangeredlanguages.
B. Thedisappearanceoflanguageshasalreadystopped.
C. Youngpeopledon'tcareaboutendangeredlanguages.
D. Youngpeoplehavecreativewaystoprotectlanguages.
（5）ThewritermentionsNelsonMandela'swordsinorderto_________.
A. telltheimportanceofone'smotherlanguage
B. showhiscontributionstolanguageprotection
C. tellthetroubleinlearningendangeredlanguages
D. showthepossibilityofprotectingmotherlanguages
【答案】
（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）D
（5）A
【解析】【分析】大意：
文章主要介绍了联合国教科文组织举办的国际母语日和迈阿密工程，并强调了母语保留的重要性。
（1）细节理解题。
根据Theeventistohelppeopletopayattentiontothedisappearanceoftheworld'slanguages.这次活动是为了帮助人们关注世界语言的消失，可知，国际母语日的目的是帮助人们学习和使用濒危语言。
故选A。
（2）细节理解题。
由句子Manyspeakersandprotectorsofendangeredlanguagesupload（上传）texts,audiosandvideostotheprojectwebsite.Theywanttointroducethewaythatpeoplecommunicateandexpressthemselvesaroundtheworld.许多濒危语言的说话者和保护者上传文本、音频和视频到项目网站。
他们想要介绍世界各地的人们交流和表达自己的方式。
可知，人们在谷歌2018年的濒危语言项目中在线分享了有关濒危语言的材料。
故选C。
（3）词意猜测题。
根据下文Projectmembersworktoencouragepeopletostudyandcommunicatewiththislanguage,whichdiedoutinthe1960s.项目的成员鼓励人们用这种在19世纪60年代消失的语言学习和交流，可知Myaamia项目使的人们重新使用美国迈阿密部落所说的语言，因此revive意为“重新使用”即“复活”。
故选C。
（4）推理判断题。
根据第五段Manyyoungpeopledesignappsandusesocialmediatosupporttheiractivities.许多年轻人设计APP并使用社交媒体来支持他们的活动，可知，年轻人有自己创造性的保护语言的方法。
故选D。
（5）推理判断题。
根据"Ifyoutalktoamaninalanguageheunderstands,thatgoestohishead.Ifyoutalktoamaninhisownlanguage，thatgoestohisheart."“如果你用一种他能理解的语言与一个人交谈，那会进入他的头脑。
如果你用他自己的语言和他说话，那就可以进入他的内心。
”可知，作者提到纳尔逊·曼德拉的话是为了强调母语的重要性，即真正使人理解。
故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题、推断题和词义猜测题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词义猜测题需要联系上下文，了解句子大意之后推测单词的意思。
2．阅读理解
Whatshouldwedoifoneofourclassmatessuddenlyfallsillorgetshurt?
Herearesomestepsyoushouldfollow.Butalwaysremembertolookformedicalcareafterfirstaid（急救）ifthewoundisserious.
Brokenbones（骨头）:
Takeawayclothingfromthewound,Useanicepack.Don'tmovethehurtbodypartwhilewaitingforthedoctortoarrive.
Animalbites（咬伤）:
Washthebiteareawithsoapandwater.Packthewoundwithacleanclothifitisbleeding.Ifthebleedinghasstopped,covertheareawithabandageandtakethepersontohospital.Makesureyourememberwhatkindofanimalitis,sothedoctorcanfindtherightwaytotreathimorheratonce.
Fainting（昏厥）:
Havehimorherliewithfeetliftedalittle.Don'tmovethebodyifyouthinktheremightbewoundsfromthefall,Makesureheorshecanbreatheandletinfreshair.Cleantheperson'sfacewithacoolcloth.
Nosebleeds:
Havethepersonsitupwithhisorherheadtilted（倾斜）forwardalittle,Donothavethepersontilthisorherheadbackbecausethismaycauseheavybreathingorcoughing.Pinch（捏）thelowerpartofthenoseforatleast10minutes.
（1）Whatshouldwedofirstwhenananimalbitehappens?
A. Putanicepackonthewound.
B. Washthebiteareawithsoapandwater.
C. Trytostopthebleedingwithacleancloth.
D. Taketheinjuredpersontothehospital.
（2）Whendealingwiththeproblemsof____________,weshouldn'tmovethehurt.
A. brokenbonesandanimalbites
B. animalbitesandnosebleeds
C. brokenbonesandfainting
D. faintingandnosebleeds
（3）WhichofthefollowingisNOTrightwhenaboy'snosebleeds?
A. Lethisheadnottiltback.
B. Lethisheadtiltforwardalittle.
C. Lethimsitup.
D. Pinchhisnoseforlessthan10minutes.
（4）Whichpartofamagazinemaythepassagecomefrom?
A. Lifestyle. B. Health. C. Sports. D. Education.
（5）What'sthemainideaofthepassage?
A. Firstaidforsomeaccidentalwounds.
B. Stepsoflookingformedicalcare.
C. Adviceonwaysnottogethurt.
D. Waystoaskforhelpingettinghurt.
【答案】
（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了四种意外伤害的急救知识。
（1）细节题。
根据Animalbites（咬伤）:
Washthebiteareawithsoapandwater.可知动物咬伤时用肥皂和水清洗，故选B。
（2）细节题。
根据Brokenbones（骨头）:
Don'tmovethehurtbodypartwhilewaitingforthedoctortoarrive.和Fainting（昏厥）:
Don'tmovethebodyifyouthinktheremightbewoundsfromthefall可知当骨折和昏厥时不要移动伤者，故选C。
（3）细节题。
根据Pinch（捏）thelowerpartofthenoseforatleast10minutes.可知当流鼻血时捏鼻子更低的部分至少10分钟，而不是整个鼻子，故选D。
（4）推断题。
根据全文可知讲了意外伤害的急救，所以可能来自健康部分，即health，故选B。
（5）主旨题。
根据全文可知主要讲了四种意外伤害的急救知识，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
3．阅读理解
Whenyouentermyhomeforthefirsttime,youwillalwaysbeimpressedwithasmallandwhiteenvelope（信封）.Noname,noaddress.IthashungonourChristmastreeforabout10years.
ItallbeganbecausemyhusbandMikehatedChristmas.Hedidn'thatethetruemeaningofChristmas,butthecommercial（商业的）wayofit,spendingtoomuchontheusualChristmasgifts,suchasrushingintoastoretobuyatieforUncleHarry.
Knowinghefeltthisway,Idecidednottobuytheusualgifts,suchasshirtsandsweaters.IreachedforsomethingspecialforMike.Theideacameinanunusualway.
OursonKevin,12,waswrestling（摔跤）attheschool.BeforeChristmastherewasamatchagainstateamhelpedbyacitychurch,mostlypoorkids.Asthematchbegan,Iwassurprisedtoseetheotherteamwrestlingonlywearingtheoldclothesbecausetheycouldn'taffordthewrestlinguniforms,whileourboysintheirblueandgolduniforms.Ofcourse,weendedupwithbeatingthem.
Mike,seatedbesideme,shookhisheadsadly,"Iwishjustoneofthemcouldhavewon.Infact,theycouldiftheyhadworntheuniforms.Theyhavetalentforwrestling,butlosinglikethiscouldtaketheheartrightoutofthem."
Mikelovedkids-allkidsandheknewthem,havingtrainedkidsfootballandbaseball.Atthattime,Ithoughtoftheideaforthegift.
Thatafternoon,Iwenttoastoreandboughtsomewrestlinguniformsandsentthemtothecitychurchforthekidswithoutleavingmyname.
OnChristmasEve,Iputtheenvelopeonthetree,thenoteinsidetellingMikewhatIhaddoneandtellinghimthatthiswashisgiftfromme.HissmilewasthegreatestthingaboutChristmasthatyearandthenextyears.
Yousee,welostMikenow.ButeveryChristmasEveIwouldputanenvelopeonthetree,andinthemorning,threemorejoinedit.Eachofourchildrenhadsecretlyputanenvelopeonthetreefortheirdad.
Mike'sspirit,liketheChristmasspirit,willalwaysbewithus.
（1）MikehatedChristmasbecausehe .
A. dislikedreceivingthesamegiftseveryyear
B. didn'tlikepeoplespendingtoomuchmoneyongifts
C. didn'tunderstandthetruemeaningofChristmas
D. hatedrushingintoastoretobuyatieforUncleHarry
（2）Wecaninfer（推断）fromthepassagethatthewriterisa（n） .
A. braveandoutgoingman
B. lovingandpatientman
C. strictandseriouswoman
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