常见前缀.docx

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常见前缀.docx

常见前缀

常见前缀

*前缀多改变单词词义*

前:

1.pre-(pri,pur)

predict,preceding,preface,prejudice,prescribe,priority,

purpose

2.pro

progress,project,proceed,process,produce,professor,

promote,prospect,propose

3.fore

forehead,forecast

后(回):

1.post

postpone,postscript,postgraduate

2.Re

react,reduce,refuse,reject,return,recall

上:

1.super-(sur,)

superficial,superior,supervise,surface,surrender,

survey,survive

2.over-(上,过度,覆盖)

overcoat,overcome,overdo,overlook,overhead,

overnight,overtake

下:

1.sub-(suc,sus)

subject,submarine,submerge,submit,subscribe,

subsequent,substance,substantial,substitute,subtract,

suburb,subway,succeed,successive,suspect,suspend,

sustain

2.de

decide,debate,decrease,deduce,define,definition,

depress,descend,describe,destruction

3.under

undergo,underground,undergraduate,underline,

underlie,undermine,undertake,understand

否定:

1.un

unlike,unable,unusual,unload,unknown,unexpected

2.dis

dislike,disagree,disappear,disadvantage,discard,

discharge,discourage,discover,distribute

2.im

impossible,immediate

3.in

independent,inevitable,infinite,innocent

5.ab-反

abnormal

6.non

non-smoking

7.anti-反,抗

antibiotic

一起:

1.co

cooperate

2.com

combination,comment,company,compose,compress

4.con

contest,confess,congress,confuse,consist,contribute

4.syn-(sym,sy)

sympathy,sympathize,sympathetic,synthetic,system

ex-(有时作e)外,出

exceed,exceedingly,except,excess,excessive,exclaim,

exclude,excursion,exit,expect,export,exterior,external,

extend,extent,express;elect,erect,evolve

in,im-里,入

immigrant,import,impress,income,include,internal,

interior,indoors,injection,inner,input,insert,inspect

semi-半

semifinal,semiconductor

trans-转换

transfer,transport,transmit,transform,translate,

transparent,

tri-三

triangle,tricycle

bi-两

bicycle

uni-一

unique,uniform,union,unity,universe

per-贯穿,全

perfect,perceive,perform,persist,permanent,

perspective,persuade

inter-在…之间

interaction,interfere,intermediate,interrupt,interval,

interview,international

 

常见后缀

*后缀多改变单词词性*

形容词后缀

1.-able(ible)能

visible,enable,probable,applicable,liable,

remarkable,available,reasonable

considerable,preferable,miserable,advisable,

inevitable,acceptable,comfortable,

stable,responsible

2.-ous

dangerous,anxious,conscious,continuous,curious,

delicious,enormous,furious,famous,gaseous,

generous,glorious,gracious,humorous,jealous,

marvelous,mysterious,nervous,numerous,obvious,

poisonous,precious,previous,prosperous,religious,

ridiculous,serious,spontaneous,tedious,

tremendous,various,victorious,vigorous,zealous

3.-ful(例外:

handful,mouthful)

graceful,grateful,harmful,hateful,helpful,joyful,

hopeful,painful,peaceful,plentiful,powerful,

respectful,skillful,successful,thoughtful,useful,

wonderful,youthful

4.n.+-less=adj.

homeless,hopeless,endless,helpless,needless,

restless,useless,wireless,worthless

5.-ed

married,pleased,complicated,used

6.-ical

classical,medical,economical,optical,physical,

political,practical,statistical,tropical,technical,

typical,vertical

7.-al

internal,external,abnormal,accidental,actual,

artificial,aural

8.-tive,sive

active,attractive,creative,effective,expensive,

extensive,impressive

9.-tic

optimistic,authentic,romantic,authentic,static

--------------------------------------------------------

 

名词后缀

1.–ance,ence

nuisance,performance,reliance,resistance,

significance,substance,tolerance,acceptance,

accordance,acquaintance,appearance,appliance,

distance,guidance,importance,instance,insurance,

maintenance,occurrence,patience,preference,

presence,reference,residence,science,influence

2.-tion,sion

situation,station,population,solution,suggestion,

temptation,tradition,transformation,translation,

version,vision,admission,collision,conclusion,

extension,decision

3.-ity

facility,gravity,intensity,majority,minority,necessity,

opportunity,quality,possibility,probability

4.-cy

accuracy,tendency,agency,democracy,efficiency,

emergency,fancy,frequency,mercy,policy

5.-ment

achievement,agreement,advertisement,apartment,

appointment,argument,arrangement,assignment,

department,element,equipment,fragment

6.-ness

kindness,sadness,sickness,witness(可作动词,目击),

business,happiness

7.-logy(学,论)

biology,technology,geology

8.-shiphardship,friendship,leadership,ownership,relationship,scholarship,worship(也可作动词,崇拜)

动词后缀

1.-fy(ify)

classify,identify,justify,modify,purify,qualify,

simplify,specify,verify,amplify,clarify

2.-en,enbroaden,

brighten,harden,lessen,lighten,enlarge,

enable,enclose,encourage,enforce,ensure,entitle

3.-ize

organize,realize,recognize,seize,specialize,

summarize,sympathize,utilize,apologize,emphasize

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