英国文学选读课后答案.docx
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英国文学选读课后答案
英国文学选读课后答案
LT
英国文学选读
OfStudiesP18
1.Wearenowlivingintheageof“informationexplosion”.WhatlessonscanwelearnfromBacon’sinouraccesstoinformation?
Ourplanetisdevelopingforward.Thefast-movingdevelopmentofscienceandtechnologymakesitmoreconvenientforstudentstogetsufficientandeffectiveinformationbycountlessways.Thatistheexternalconditionforourstudy,whichwecanappropriatelymakefulluseof.Butwhatwehavetokeepinmindisthattheeternalmasterofstudyisnoonebutourselvesintheprocessofstudying.
2.Inwhatsensedoesreadingmakeafullman?
Readingmakesafullman.Historiesmakemenwise,poets,witty;themathematics,subtle;naturalphilosophy,deep;moral,grave;logicandrhetoric,abletocontend.Readinghistoriesmakespeoplelearnlessonsfromtheancienttime,avoidmakingthesamemistakesandpredictthedevelopmentofthings.Peoplewhoreadhistorieswillbewiserthanthesewhojustactaccordingtotheirownpreferenceswithoutlearningfromhistories.Readingpoemsmakespeoplelearnthebeautyoflanguage,thebeautifulclassicalstyleofartandliveapoeticlife.Peoplewhoreadpoemswillbewittierthanthesewhohaven’tfeelthebeautifulmoodandpurelife.Readingmathematicsmakespeoplefocusontheaccuratecalculation,developascientificattitude,andformapragmaticspirit.Peoplewhoreadmathematicswillbemoresubtletoconsiderthingsfromallaspectsanddothingsfromthedropcarefullythanthesewhodon’tread.Readingnaturalphilosophymakespeoplepursuetruth,exploretheunknownmystery,andpracticeactively.Peoplewhoreadnaturalphilosophywillbedeeperthanthesewhodon’tlearnthetheoryofreflectingthetruth.Readingmoralmakespeoplelearnthewayofharmonyliving,formtheprincipleofethicalbehaviorsanddevelopcorrectoutlooksonvalues.Peoplewhoreadmoralwillbegraverthanthesewhobehavewithoutcorrectprinciplesandcan’tdealwithdifferentrelationships.Readinglogicmakespeoplemastertherulesofthinking,dealingwithdifferentthingsandexploringobjectivereality.Peoplewhoreadlogicwillbemorecontendtohaveclearideas,matertheprinciplesofobjectivetruththanthesewhodon’tactaccordingtorules.
Differentkindsofreadingmaterialsplaydifferentrolesinmakingafullman.Peopleshouldgetintodifferentreadingfieldsandtrainthemselvestobecomeacomprehensivetalent.Readingwilldogoodtoone’sphysicalhealthaccordingtosomereadingmaterialsofphysicaltraining.What’smoreimportant,readingpromotesthedevelopmentoflogicthinkingandmorality.Peoplecanbecalledafullmanonconditionthattheyhavefinequality,delicateself-cultivationandstrictmorality.Trytoreadextensivelyandbecomeafullman.
Poems:
HamletP8
1.Whyissleepsofrightening,accordingtoHamlet,sinceitcan“end”theheartacheandthethousandnaturalshocks”?
Nobodycanpredictwhathewilldreamofafterhefallsasleep.Deathmeanstheendoflife,youmaygotoorunknownworldandyoucan’tcomeback,.Ifhedies,Hamlet'scan'trealizehiswill.Though“sleep”canendtheheartacheandthethousandnaturalshocks,itisastateofmind.Hamletdidn’tknowatall.Heisfrightenedbythepossiblesufferinginthelong“dream”.Hecan’tpredictwhatwillhappeninthesleep,maybegoodmaybeevil.
2.Whywouldpeopleratherbearallthesufferingsoftheworldinsteadofchoosingdeathtogetridofthem,accordingtoHamlet?
Deathissomysteriousthatnobodyknowswhatdeathwillbringtous.Maybebittersufferings,greatpains,heartbreakingstories…Becausepeopleholdthesameidea"togruntandsweatunderawearylife,butthatthedreadofsomethingafterdeath-theundiscover’dcountry,formwhosebournnotravelerreturns-puzzlethewill,andmakeusratherbearthoseillswehavethanflytoothersthatweknownotof?
”Peoplealsoarefrightenedbythemythsinanotherworldafterdeath.
3.What,afterall,makespeoplelosetheirdeterminationtotakeaction?
Pleaseexplaininrelationtotheso-calledhesitationofHamlet.
Conscienceandover-considerations.Hewantstorevenge,butdoesn’tknowhow.Hewantstokillhisuncle,butfindsittoorisky.Helivesindespairandwantstocommitsuicide.However,heknowsifhedies,nobodywillcomforthisfather’sghost.Heisinfaceofgreatdilemma.Theydon’tknowtheresultaftertheirtakingtheaction.SuchasHamlet,hedoesn’tknowwhatwouldhappenifhekillshisuncleorkillshimself.SoHamletwashesitated.
Sonnet18P13
1.Howdoesthepoetanswerthequestionheputsforthinthefirstline?
(Page14)
Thepoetopenswithaquestionthatisaddressedtothebeloved,"ShallIcomparetheetoasummer'sday?
"Thisquestioniscomparing“thee”tothesummertimeoftheyear.Itisduringthistimewhentheflowersareblooming,treesarefullofleaves,theweatheriswarm,anditisgenerallyconsideredasanenjoyabletimeduringtheyear.Thefollowingelevenlinesinthepoemarealsodedicatedtosimilarcomparisonsbetweenthebelovedandsummerdays.Inlines2and3,thespeakerexplainswhatmainlyseparatestheyoungwomanfromthesummer'sday:
sheis"morelovelyandmoretemperate."(Line2)Summerdaysaresometimesshakenby"roughwinds"(line3)whichhappensandisnotalwaysaswelcomingasthewoman.Howeverinline4,thepoetgivesthefeelingagainthatthesummermonthsareoftentooshortbysaying,"Andsummerleasehathtooshortadate."Inthesummerdays,thesun,"theeyeofheaven"(line5),oftenshines"toohot,"ortoodim,"hisgoldcomplexiondimmed"(line6)as"everyfairfromfairsometimedeclines."(Line7)Thefinalportionofthesonnettellshowthebeloveddiffersfromthesummerinvariousaspects.Herbeautywillbeonethatlastsforever,"Thyeternalsummershallnotfade."(Line9),andneverendordie.
Atlasttwolines,thepoetexplainshowthebeloved'sbeautywillaccomplishthiseverlastinglifeunlikesummerdays.Anditisbecauseherbeautyiskeptaliveinthispoem,whichwilllastforever.Itwilllive"aslongasmencanbreatheoreyescansee."(Line13)thepoemisoutwardlyasimplestatementofpraiseaboutthebeautyofthebelovedwomanandperhapssummertothespeakerissometimestoounpleasantwiththeextremesofwindinessandheatthatgoalongwithit.However,thebelovedinthepoemisalwaysmildandtemperatebyhernatureandnothingatalllikethesummer.
Atlast,thepoetstartstopraisethatthebelovedissogreatandawingthatsheistoliveforeverinthissonnet.Thebelovedissogreatthatthespeakerwillevengoasfarastosaythat,"Solongasmenbreathe,oreyescansee,solonglivesthisandthisgiveslifetothee.”(line13、14)thatthebelovedisdeservingtoliveonforever.
2.Whatmakesthepoetthinkthat“thou”canbemorebeautifulthansummerandimmortal?
Attheverybeginning,thepoetputsforthaquestion:
“ShallIcomparetheetoasummer’s
chirp.Wecanbreathethesmelloftheearth.Whenwearewatchingitglisteninginthesunshine,theremaybeasmileonourfaceagain.Nobodywillbenottouchedinthisconditionunlessthereissomethingwrongwithhismind.Itisjustlikeapicture.Oritisjustlikeacleanbracingandetherealmelody.Wecancloseoureyestolistentoitwithoutanydistractingthoughts.Italwayscancomfortourhearts,andwewillnotfeelthatdesperate.EverytimeIfeelnothappyIwilllistentoapieceofpianomusic.Thatmakesmegood,allmyfidgetingwillgoawayfromme.SometimesIwillreflectwheretheproblemis.Peacefulmusicisjustlikethenature.Boththeycangivemeakindoffeelinglikemother.Donotbescaredatall.SometimesIsupposeifthecriminalcanliveinthenatureandexperienceit,theywillnotdothatevil.Inanotherhand,thoseartistsmaybecannotcreatetheworks.Astheauthorsaid,ahostofgoldendaffodilsbesidethelake,beneaththetrees,flutteringanddancinginthebreeze.Thememorymadehimexcitedandbroughthislonelyhearthappiness.Ifawriterdoesnotwatchanybeautifulscenery,Ibelieveheorshecan’tbeagoodwriter.Peacefulnatureisaplacepeoplecanreleasethemselvesandremovetheunhappiness.Inthiscircumstance,thewriterdigstheirinspiration.
Yes,Ithinkso.Somepeoplemaythinkthatournaturehasbeenhighlypollutedbyourhumanbeings.Anditwon’thaveanyeffectsonus.Theothersmaythinkthenaturehasbadinfluenceonourbodiesbecauseofthecontamination.ButIthinknaturemusthavealotofhealingeffectonmind.Asthedevelopmentofthesociety,peoplemaymeetmoreandmoredifficulties,anditmayleadtomorestress.Forexample,whenapersonhasworkedforalongtime,itishardforhimtodomore.Hewouldliketospendsometimetravellingtosomewhere.Theplaceisbesttobebeautiful,clean,comfortable,withclearskyandgreengrass.Peoplecanbreathethefreshairthere.Whenheliesonthegrassandwatchesthesky,hemayforgetallthestressonwork.Theonlythinghecandoistoenjoythecharmingsceneryandgreatnature.
Naturealsocanaffectpeoplewhentheyareillespeciallyseriousdisease.Thepatientmayfeeltheirlifemeaningless.Atthattime,theirfamilieswilltakethemtoaremoteplace.Theymayalsoletthepatienthaveapet.Duringthefeedingperiod,thepatientmayfeelthatalifeissodifficulttobringup.Hewillhealthespirittolive.Differentpeoplehavedifferentideas.Ican’tsaythatnaturedoesn’thavemischief,butinmyopinion,itsgoodeffectsaremore.
Novels:
TheCanterburyTales
1.Howisthesettingofthetalesdescribed?
Withsuchasetting,couldyoupredictthegeneraltoneofthe