完整版名词性从句的总结归纳.docx
《完整版名词性从句的总结归纳.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《完整版名词性从句的总结归纳.docx(33页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
完整版名词性从句的总结归纳
名词性从句
NounClause
I本章要点
1.宾语从句
2.主语从句
3.表语从句
4.同位语从句
II名词性从句语法点分述
一、宾语从句
1.引导宾语从句的连接词
a.that引导(that可以省略)
ØIknow(that)mostmatterhasthreestates(状态).
♥Attention♥
宾语从句中that不可省略的情况
宾语从句that常可省略,但在以下情况下不能省略
1)当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,可以省略第一个that,其他不能省略。
ØIbelieve(that)youhavedoneyourbestandthatthingswillgetbetter.
2)当it作形式宾语时
当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时,通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it,将真正的宾语从句移至句末。
ØShemadeitcleartoherparentsthatshewouldlearntodealwithvariousproblems.
★小试身手★
1)特朗普说得很清楚他想当总统。
(make…clear)
2)我们理所当然的认为父母应该爱我们一辈子。
(take…forgranted)
3)consider,we,it,should,that,with,importance,all,of,great,we,theory,combine,practice(连词成句)
b.whether/if引导
1)在whether……ornot的固定搭配中,不能用if。
ØIdon’tknowwhetherhewillstudyabroadornot.
2)在介词后,只能用whether和特殊疑问词,不能用if。
ØHisfatherisconcernedaboutwhetherhewillbekickedoutofschool.
♥Attention♥
★小试身手★
1)Iwonder________there’sanyneedtospendsomuchmoneyontheparty.
2)Somepeoplebelieve________amonkeypersonissociable.
3)Sheisworriedabout________shecangetpromoted.
4)Teachertoldthestudents________thesun________(have)eightplanets.
2.连接代词以及连接副词引导
结构公式:
a.连接代词:
who/whom/whose/which/what+陈述语序的句子
ØIdon’tknowwho[whom]youaretalkingabout.
b.连接副词:
where/why/when/how/howmany
等一切特殊疑问词+陈述语序的句子
ØIdon’tknowwhyyouarelate.
★小试身手★
1)只有小孩子知道自己在找什么。
2)ProfessorNelsonwantedtoknow______.
A.whenwouldtheconferencebegin
B.Whentheconferencewouldbegin
C.whenwilltheconferencebegin
D.whentheconferencewillbegin
3)I’mnotsure______.
A.whatistheassignmentoftomorrow
B.whattheassignmentfortomorrowis
C.whatwilltheassignmentfortomorrowbe
D.whatwillbetheassignmentoftomorrow
3.宾语从句连词总结
连词
说明
例句
that
1.宾语从句用连词that,that没有意义仅起连接作用。
that可以省略。
Ihaveseriousreasontobelievethattheplanetistheasteroid(小行星)knownasB-612.
who,whom,what,which
2.连接代词who,whom,what,which,在宾语从句中做主要成分。
Igaveupwhatmighthavebeenamagnificentcareerasapainter.
how,when,where
3.连接副词how,when,where在宾语从句中作次要成分。
Idon’tknowwhereheis.
if或whether
if或whether在宾语从句中只起连接作用,不起语法作用,当作“是否”讲。
从句中有ornot结构时,要用whether。
Idonotknowif(whether)hewillcome.
4.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句除个别情况外,全部使用陈述句语序。
1.Idon'tknowwhat'sthematter.
2.Idon'tknowwhat'swrong.
3.Idon'tknowwhat'sontoday.
4.Idon'tknowwhichisthewaytothecinema.
★小试身手★
1)Doyouknow__A___?
A.whenthesportsmeetingwillbeginB.whenthesportsmeetingbegins
C.whenthesportsmeetingbeginD.whenwillbeginthesportsmeeting
2)Willthissheephavetohaveagreatdealofgrass?
Doyouthink…(连接成宾语从句)
5.宾语从句的时态
主句
宾语从句
现在时或将来时
时态一般不受主句的时态影响
过去时
a.从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生;
b.从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前;
c.从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
★小试身手★
1)Idon’tknowifweeachhaveadestiny,orifwe’realljustfloatingaroundaccidentally,likeonabreeze.
2)Thescientisttoldthestudentthatthesun____________round.(be)
3)Ibelievethatthefriendshipbetweenus_______forever.(last)
4)Iknewthatourteam_____________(win)thecompetition.
5)KateknowswhatJohn_____now.
A.doesB.willdoC.hasdoneD.isdoing
6.宾语从句否定转移
主句主语人称
否定前移
例句
反义疑问句
第一人称
Yes
Idon’tthinktheweatherwillbebettertomorrow,willit?
Idon’tbelievehecanfinishthetaskinanhour,canhe?
问从句
第二,第三人称
No
Shethoughtthatfilmwasnotinteresting,didn’tshe?
Youthinkyoucan'tgetupearly,don’tyou?
问主句
★小试身手★
1)Wehavetofinishtheworknow.(反义疑问?
______________)
2)Younevertolduswhyyouwerelateforthemeeting.(反义疑问?
_____________)
3)Nacy,sweeptheclassroom,______?
A.don’tyouB.doyou
C.willyouD.doesn’tshe
4)--Hedidn’tgotothelecturethismorning,didhe?
--______.Toughhewasnotfeelingverywell.
A.No,hedidn’tB.Yes,hedid
C.No,hedidD.Yes,hedidn’t
7.宾语从句和动词不定式转换类似
ØIdon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.=Idon’tknowwhattodo.
whattodowith;howtodealwith固定词组用法。
ØIdon’tknowwhatIshoulddowiththismessysituation.
=Idon’tknowwhattodowiththismessysituation.
★小试身手★
宾语从句和不定式转换练习:
1)Ibelievethatheisanhonestman.(保持原句意思)
Ibelieve_____to_____anhonestman.
2)Heexpectedtobeforgiven.(保持原句意思)
Heexpectedthathe__________forgiven.
3)Heisn’tintheofficenow,Ithink.(保持原句意思)
I__________he_____intheoffice.
4)Hewillpasstheexam.Wethinkitpossible.(合并为一句)
Wethink__________hewillpasstheexam.
二、主语从句
1.主语从句的引导词
a.that引导
ØThatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawifeisatruthuniversallyacknowledged.(用it改写)
♥Attention♥
that引导的主语从句出现在句首时,that不可省略。
b.whether引导
ØWhetherchewinggumhelpspreventtoothd