1990年.docx
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1990年
1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
SectionI:
StructureandVocabulary
Ineachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(15points)
EXAMPLE:
Iwascaught________therainyesterday.
[A]in
[B]by
[C]with
[D]at
ANSWER:
[A]
l.Thosetwofamilieshavebeenquarrelling________eachotherformanyyears.
[A]to
[B]between
[C]against
[D]with
2.Therearemanythingswhosemisuseisdangerous,buritishardtothinkofanythingthatcanbecompared________tobaccoproducts.
[A]in
[B]with
[C]among
[D]by
3.“Howoftenhaveyouseencaseslikethis?
”onesurgeonaskedanother.“Oh,________times,Iguess,”wasthereply.
[A]hundredof
[B]hundreds
[C]hundredsof
[D]hundred
4.Givemeyourtelephonenumber________Ineedyourhelp.
[A]whether
[B]unless
[C]sothat
[D]incase
5.Yousangwelllastnight.Wehopeyou’llsing________.
[A]morebetter
[B]stillbetter
[C]nicely
[D]best
6.Thosepeople________ageneralunderstandingofthepresentsituation.
[A]lackof
[B]arelackingof
[C]lack
[D]areinlack
7.Aloneinadeserthouse,hewassobusywithhisresearchworkthathefelt________lonely.
[A]nothingbut
[B]anythingbut
[C]allbut
[D]everythingbut
8.Grace________tearswhensheheardthesadnews.
[A]brokein
[B]brokeinto
[C]brokeoff
[D]brokethrough
9.Sherefusedto________thecarkeystoherhusbanduntilhehadpromisedtowearhissafetybelt.
[A]handin
[B]handout
[C]handdown
[D]down
10.MichaelfounditdifficulttogethisBritishjokes________toAmericanaudiences.
[A]around
[B]over
[C]across
[D]down
11.Thebookcontainedalarge________ofinformation.
[A]deal
[B]amount
[C]number
[D]sum
12.Nowadaysadvertisingcostsarenolongerinreasonable________tothetotalcostoftheproduct.
[A]proportion
[B]correlation
[C]connection
[D]correspondence
13.Whenshesawthecloudsshewentbacktothehouseto________herumbrella.
[A]carry
[B]fetch
[C]bring
[D]reach
14.Wemust________thattheexperimentiscontrolledasrigidlyaspossible.
[A]assure
[B]secure
[C]ensure
[D]issue
15.Hewasknockeddownbyacarandbadly________.
[A]injured
[B]damaged
[C]harmed
[D]ruined
SectionII:
ReadingComprehension
Eachofthethreepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswers.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(20points)
Text1
InMayl989,spaceshuttle“Atlantis”releasedinouterspacethespaceprobe“Megallan,”whichisnowonher15-monthandone-billion-kilometerflighttoVenus.Anewphaseinspaceexplorationhasbegun.
TheplanetVenusisonlyslightlysmallerthanEarth;itistheonlyotherobjectinthesolarsystem,infact,thatevencomesclosetoearth’ssize.Venushasasimilardensity,soitisprobablymadeofapproximatelythesamestuff,andithasanatmosphere,completewithclouds.Itisalsotheclosestplanettoearth,andthusthemostsimilarindistancefromthesun.Inshort,Venusseemstojustifyitslong-heldnicknameof“earth’stwin.”
ThesurfacetemperatureofVenusreachessome900F.Addedtothatisanatmosphericpressureabout90timesEarth’s:
Highoverheadinthecarbondioxide(CO2)thatpassesforairisalayerofclouds,perhaps10to20milesthick,whoselittledropsconsistmostlyofsulfuricacid(H2SO4).Waterisallbutnonexistent.
Bornwithsomanyfundamentalsimilaritiestoearth,howdidVenusgettobesoradicallydifferent:
Itisnotjustanacademicmatter.Forallitsextremes,Venusisavaluablelaboratoryforresearchersstudyingtheweatherandclimateofearth.Ithasnoearth’soceans,sotheheattransportandothermechanismsaregreatlysimplified.Inaddition,theplanetVenustakes243earth-daystoturnonceonitsaxis,soincomingheatfromthesunisaddedanddistributedatamoreleisurely,observablepace.
16.VenusissimilartoEarthin________.
[A]sizeanddensity
[B]distancefromthesun
[C]havingatmosphere
[D]alloftheabove
17.ThegreatestvalueinstudyingVenusshouldbeto________.
[A]allowustovisitthere
[B]understandEarthbetter
[C]findanewsourceofenergy
[D]promoteanewspaceprogram
18.Themainideaofthispassageisabout________.
[A]problemsofspacetravel
[B]scientificmethodsinspaceexploration
[C]theimportanceofVenustoEarth
[D]conditionsonVenus
Text2
TouristsweresurprisedtoseeawomandrivingahugeorangetractordownoneofRome’smainavenues.Italy’spoliticalleadersandsomeofitsmaleunionchiefsaresaidtohavebeenevenmorepuzzledtoseethatthetractorwasfollowedbyabout200,000womeninaparadingprocessionthattookmorethanthreehourstosnakethroughcentralRome.
Shoutingslogans,wavingflagsanddancingtodrumbeats,thewomenhadcometothecapitalfromalloverItalytodemonstratefor“ajobforeachofus,adifferenttypeofjob,andasocietywithoutviolence.”Sofar,actiontoimprovewomen’sopportunitiesinemploymenthasbeentheprovinceofcollectiveindustrialbargaining.“Butthereisagrowingawarenessthatthisisnotenough,”saysaresearcheronfemalelaboratthegovernment-fundedInstitutefortheDevelopmentofProfessionalTrainingforWorkers.
Women,whoconstitute52percentofItaly’spopulation,todayrepresentonly35percentofItaly’stotalworkforceand33percentofthetotalnumberofItalianswithjobs.However,theirpresenceintheworkplaceisgrowing.Theemploymentofwomenisexpandingconsiderablyinservices,nexttothepublicadministrationandcommerceastheirprincipalworkplace.Officialstatisticsalsoshowthatwomenhavealsomadesignificantstridesinself-employment.Moreandmorewomenaregoingintobusinessforthemselves.Manyyoungwomenareturningtobusinessbecauseofthegrowingoverallinemployment.Itisalsoafactthattodaymanyprejudiceshavedisappeared,sothatbanksandotherfinancialinstitutesmakejudgmentsonpurelybusinessconsiderationswithoutcaringifitisamanorawoman.
Suchchangesareoccurringintheprofessionstoo.Thenumberofwomendoctors,dentists,lawyers,engineersanduniversityprofessorsincreasedtwotothreefold.Someofthechangesareimmediatelyvisible.Forexample,womenhaveappearedonthesceneforthefirsttimeasstatepolice,railwayworkersandstreetcleaner.
However,thepresentsituationisfarfromsatisfactorythoughsomeprogresshasbeenmade.Abreakthroughinequalopportunitiesforwomenisnowdemanded.
19.Theexpression“snakethroughcentralRome”probablymeans“tomove________
[A]quietlythroughcentralRome.”
[B]violentlythroughcentralRome.”
[C]inalongwindinglinethroughcentralRome.”
[D]ataleisurelypacethroughcentralRome.”
20.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?
[A]TherearemorewomenthanmeninItaly.
[B]InItaly,womenarechieflyemployedinservices.
[C]InItaly,womenarestillatadisadvantageinemployment.
[D]InItaly,abouttwo-thirdsofthejobsareheldbymen.
21.About200,000womeninRomedemonstratedfor________.
[A]morejobopportunities
[B]agreatervarietyofjobs
[C]“equaljob,equalpay”
[D]bothAandB
22.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe________.
[A]TheRoleofWomenisSociety
[B]WomenDemonstrateforEqualityinEmployment
[C]WomenasSelf-employedProfessionals
[D]WomenandtheJobsMarket
Text3
Theoldideathattalentedchildren“burnthemselvesout”intheearlyyears,and,therefore,aresubjectedtofailureandatworst,mentalillnessisunfounded.Asamatteroffact,theoutstandingthingthathappenstobrightkidsisthattheyareverylikelytogrowintobrightadults.
Tofindthisout,l,500giftedpersonswerefolloweduptotheirthirty-fifthyearwiththeseresults:
Onadultintelligencetests,theyscoredashighastheyhadaschildren.Theywere,asagroup,ingoodhealth,physicallyandmentally.84percentoftheirgroupweremarriedandseemedcontentwiththeirlives.
About70percenthadgraduatedfromcollege,thoughonly30percenthadgraduatedwithhonors.Afewhadevendroppedout,butnearlyhalfofthesehadreturnedtograduate.Ofthemen,80percentwereinoneoftheprofessionsorinbusinessmanagementorsemiprofessionaljobs.Thewomenwhohadremainedsinglehadoffice,business,orprofessionaloccupations.
Thegrouphadpublished90booksand1,500articlesinscientific,scholarly,andliterarymagazinesandhadcollectedmorethan100patents.
Inamaterialwaytheydidnotdobadlyeither.Averageincomewasconsiderablyhigheramongthegiftedpeople,especiallythemen,thanforthecountryasawhole,despitetheircomparativeyouth.
Infact,farfrombeingstrange,mostofthegiftedwereturningtheirearlypromiseintopracticalreality.
23.Theoldideathattalentedchildren“burnthemselvesout”intheearlyyearsis________.
[A]trueinallsenses
[B]refutedbytheauthor
[C]medicallyproven
[D]abeliefoftheauthor
24.Thesurveyofbrightchildrenwasmadeto________.
[A]findoutwhathadhappenedtotalentedchildrenwhentheybecameadults
[B]provethattalentedchildren“burnthemselvesout”intheearlyyears
[C]discoverthepercentageofthosementallyillamongthegifted
[D]provethattalentedchildrenneverburnthemselvesout
25.Intelligencetestsshowedthat________.
[A]brightchildrenwereunlikelytobementallyhealthy
[B]betweenchildhoodandadulthoodtherewasaconsiderablelossofintelligence
[C]talentedchildrenweremostlikelytobecomegiftedadults
[D