TEM阅读专项寒假作业.docx

TEM阅读专项寒假作业.docx

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TEM阅读专项寒假作业

TEM4专四阅读理解专项练习

AWiseMan

Hewasafunnylookingmanwithacheerfulfaceandagood-naturedtalker.Hewasdescribedbyhisstudent,thegreatphilosopherPlato,as"thebestandmostjustandwisestman."Yet,thissamemanwascondemnedtodeathforhisbeliefs.

ThemanwastheGreekphilosopher,Socrates,andhewascondemnedfornotbelievingintherecognizedgodandforcorruptingyoungpeople.ThesecondchargestemmedfromhisassociationwithnumerousyoungmenwhocametoAthensfromalloverthecivilizedworldtostudyunderhim.

Socrates'methodofteachingwasaskquestionand,bypretendingnottoknowtheanswers,topresshisstudentsintothinkingforthemselves.Histeachingshadinfluence,Socrateshimselfneverwroteaword.

Socratesencouragednewideasandfreethinkingintheyoung,andthiswasfrighteningtotheconservativepeople.Theywantedhimsilenced.Yet,manywereprobablysurprisedthatheaccepteddeathsoreadily.

Socrateshadtherighttoaskforalesserpenalty,andheprobablycouldhavewonoverenoughofthepeoplewhohadpreviouslycondemnedhim.ButSocrates,asafirmbelieverinlaw,reasonedthatitwaspropertosubmittothedeathsentence.So,hecalmlyacceptedhisfateanddrankacupofpoisonhemlockinthepresenceofhisgrief-strickenfriendsandstudents.

Inthefirstparagraph,thewordyetisusedtointroduce_____.

A.contrastB.asequence.C.emphasis.D.anexample.

Socrateswascondemnedtodeathbecausehe_____.

A.firmlybelievedinlaw.B.wasaphilosopher.

C.publishedoutspokenarticles.D.advocatedoriginalopinions.

BymentioningthatSocrateshimselfneverwroteanything,thewriterimpliesthat_____.

A.itwassurprisingthatSocrateswassofamous.

B.Socrateswasnotsolearnedasheisreputedtohavebeen.

C.Socratesusedtheworkofhisstudentsinteaching.

D.thatauthoritiesrefusedtopublishSocrates'works.

Socratesacceptedthedeathpenaltytoshow_____.

A.hisbeliefinhisstudents.B.hiscontemptforconservatives.

C.hisrecognitionofthelegalsystem.D.thathewasnotafraidofdeath.

①wascondemnedtodeath:

被判为死刑

②stemfrom:

产生于;源自于

③penaltyn.刑法,处罚

④hemlockn.芹叶钩吻,一种伞状类毒草植物

⑤grief-strickenadj.万分悲痛的

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第２篇及上期題解

InEngland,alongastretchofthenortheastcoastwhichgentlycurvesfromNorthumberlandtotheestuaryoftheriverTees,therewasaspot,typicalofmanyonthatcoast,wheresea-coalcollectedrichlyandeffortlessly.Thiscoalwasacoarsepowder,cleanandbrilliant.Itseemedtobearlittleresemblancetothelarge,filthylumpsputonthefire.Althoughitwascoal,itwasperfectlycleananditwassilentlydepositedathightideinaglitteringcarpetakilometerlongforthelocalcommunitytogatherup.

Thegearneededforsea-coalingexpeditionswasacuriousandtraditionallyprovenassortmentwhichnevervariedfromcommunitytocommunityalongtheentirenortheastcoastline.Sackswereessentialtoputthecoalin,andstringtotietheneckofeachsackwhenitwasfull.Awoodenrakewasusedtoscrapethecoalfromthebeach.Theonlyalternativetotherakewasaflatpieceofboardheldinthehand.Aflat,broadshoveltolifttherakedcoalintothebag,completedtheportablehardware.

Butthemostcrucialitemofequipmentwasabicycle,aspecialkindofrusty,stripped-downmodelwhichwasthesymbolofthesea-coalingcraft.Alady'sbikewasnogoodbecauseitlackedacrossbar,andthatwasanessentialelementintransportingsea-coal.Onefullsackcouldbeslungthroughthetriangularframeofaman'sbike,anotheroverthecrossbarand,sometimesevenathirdontopofthat.Thebeautyofthiswasthatitnotonlyenabledonetomovethesea-coalfromplacetoplace,butthepressureofthemetalbaragainstthefull,wetsacksforcedexcesswateroutofthecoalwhileitwasbeingwheeledhome.Onagoodday,thepathtothebeachwasgenerallyadoublesnailtrackofwaterthathadbeenforcedfromeachendofatrailofcoalsacks.

Thedifferencebetweenthetwotypesofcoalwasthat_____.

A）seacoalburntbetterB）seacoalwascheaper

C）seacoalwasmorefinely-grainedD）seacoalcameinbigpiece

Certainequipmentwasusedbecause_____.

A）thepeoplewereverytraditionalB）itcouldbemadebythecommunitiesthemselves

C）ithadprovedtobepracticalD）thecommunitieshadcurioushabits

Whichpieceofequipmentwasnotvitaltosea-coalcollecting?

A）Arake.B）Asack.C）Alady'sbike.D）Apieceofstring.

Byusingthebicycle_____.

A）thecollectorscouldridehomeB）thecoalcouldbemovedeasilyoverthesand

C）thecollectorscouldsellmorecoalD）excessliquidcouldberemoved

上期正確答案是ＡＤＤＣ

需要提到的是第三題:

文章第三段最後一句表明蘇格拉底是那麽的著名,那麽有影響力,但從未寫過書.這並不是因爲他沒有學識,或借用學生的作品,也不表示作者對此表示驚訝.那麽,必然是當局對他不滿,因而禁止他出版自己的作品.

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第３篇及上期題解

　Greeks,othersoftheEasternMediterranean,andmanyofthosefromSouthAmericanormallystandquiteclosetogetherwhentheytalk,oftenmovingtheirfacesevencloserastheywarmupinaconversation.　NorthAmericansfindthisawkwardandoftenbackawayafewinches.Studieshavefoundthattheytendtofeelmostcomfortableatabout21inchesapart.InmuchofAsiaandAfricathereisevenmorespacebetweentwospeakersinconversation.Thisgreaterspacesubtlylendsanairofdignityandrespect.

　Thisdifferenceappliesalsototheclosenesswithwhichpeoplesittogether,theextenttowhichtheyleanoveroneanotherinconversation,howtheymoveastheyargueormakeemphaticpoint.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,peopletrytokeeptheirbodiesaparteveninacrowdedelevator;inParistheytakeitasitcomes!

　AlthoughNorthAmericanshavearelativelywide"comfortzone"fortalking,theycommunicateagreatdealwiththeirhands-notonlywithgesturebutalsowithtouch.Theyputasympathetichandonaperson'sshouldertodemonstratewarmthoffeelingoranarmaroundhiminsympathy;theynudgeamanintheribstoemphasizeafunnystory;theypatanarminreassuranceorstrokeachild'sheadinaffection;theyreadilytakesomeone'sarmtohelphimacrossastreetordirecthimalonganunfamiliarroute.Tomanypeople-especiallythosefromAsiaortheMoslemcountries-suchbodilycontactisunwelcome,especiallyifinadvertentlydonewiththelefthand.（ThelefthandcarriesnospecialsignificanceintheU.S.ManyAmericansaresimplyleft-handedandusethathandmore.）

Intermsofbodilydistance,NorthAmericans_____.

A）aresimilartoSouthAmericansB）standfarthestapart

C）feelillateasewhentoocloseD）movenearerduringconversations

ForAsians,thecomfortzone_____.

A）isdeliberatelydeterminedB）measures21inches

C）variesaccordingtostatusD）impliesesteem

Thepassagemainlyconcerns_____.

A）distanceandbodilycontactB）bodylanguage

C）EastandWestculturaldifferencesD）handsignals

上期正確答案是:

ＣＣＣＤ

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第４篇及上期題解

DoInsectsThink?

InarecentbookentitledThePsychicLifeofInsects,ProfessorBouviersaysthatwemustbecarefulnottocreditthelittlewingedfellowwithintelligencewhentheybehaveinwhatseemslikeanintelligentmanner.Theymaybeonlyreacting.IwouldliketoconfronttheProfessorwithaninstanceofreasoningpoweronthepartofaninsectwhichcannotbeexplainedawayinanyothermanner.

Duringthesummerof1899,whileIwasatworkonmydoctoralthesis,wekeptafemalewaspatourcottage.Itwasmorelikeachildofourownthanawasp,exceptthatitlookedmorelikeawaspthanachildofourown.Thatwasoneofthewayswetoldthedifference.

Itwasstillayoungwaspwhenwegotit（thirteenorfifteenyearsold）andforsometimewecouldnotgetittoeatordrink,itwassoshy.SinceitisfemalewedecidedtocallitMiriam,butsoonthechildren'snicknameforit―Pudge―becameafixture,and“Pudge”itwasfromthattimeon.

OneeveningIhadbeenworkinglateinmylaboratoryfoolingaroundwithsomeginandotherchemicals,andinleavingtheroomItrippedoveranineofdiamondswhichsomeonehadleftlyingonthefloorandknockedovermycardindexwhichcontainedthenamesandaddressesofallthelarvaeworthknowinginNorthAmerica.Thecardswenteverywhere.

Iwastootiredtostoptopickthemupthatnight,andwentsobbingtobed,justasmadasIcouldbe.AsIwent,however,Inoticedthewaspwasflyingaboutincirclesoverthescatteredcards.“MaybePudgewillpickthemup”,Isaidhalflaughinglytomyself,neverthinkingforonemomentthatsuchwouldbethecase.

WhenIcamedownthenextmorningPudgewasstillasleepoverinherbox,evidentlytiredout.Andwellshemighthavebeen.ForthereonthefloorlaythecardsscatteredallaboutjustasIhadleftthemthenightbefore.Thefaithfullittleinsecthadbuzzedaboutallnighttryingtocometosomedecisionaboutpickingthemupandarrangingthemintheboxesforme,andthenhadfiguredoutforherselfthat,assheknewpracticallynothingoflarvaeofanysortexceptwasplarvae,shewouldprobablymakemoreofamessofrearrangingthemthanifshehadleftthemonthefloorformetofix.Itwasjusttoomuchforhertotackle,and,discouraged,shewentoverandlaydowninherbox,whereshecriedherselftosleep.

IfthisisnotananswertoProfessorBouvier'sstatementthatinsectshavenoreasoningpower,Idonotknowwhatis.

ProfessorBouvierbelievesthatinsects_____.

A）donothaveintelligenceB）behaveinanintelligentaway

C）arecapableofreasoningD）aremoreintelligentthanwethought

Ontheeveningtheauthorfellover,someone_____.

A）hadmovedhiscardindexB）hadbeenplayingc