最新雅思剑桥真题长难句解析1.docx
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最新雅思剑桥真题长难句解析1
1.Thescentshecarriedinhersamplesandonherbodywasamessagetotheotherbeesthatthiswastheonetheywerelookingfor.（剑4,GeneralTrainingTestBsection3）
分析：
本句的主句为“Thescentwasamessagetotheotherbees”；“shecarriedinhersamplesandonherbody”为定语从句，做Thescent的定语，关系词在定语从句中做宾语，因此被省掉；“thatthiswastheonetheywerelookingfor”为that引导的同位语从句，做amessage的同位语；“theywerelookingfor”为定语从句，做theone的定语，关系词在定语从句中做for的宾语，因此被省掉。
2.Soonhewouldalsodiscoveranumberofotherremarkablefactsabouthowbeescommunicateand,indoingso,revolutionizethestudyofanimalbehaviorgenerally.（剑4,GeneralTrainingTestBsection3）
分析：
本句的主句为“hewouldalsodiscoveranumberofotherremarkablefactsabout…andrevolutionizethestudyofanimalbehaviorgenerally”；“howbeescommunicate”为how引导的宾语从句，做介词about的宾语。
3.Therehad,ofcourse,beendictionariesinthepast,thefirstofthesebeingalittlebookofsome120pages,compiledbyacertainRobertCawdray,publishedin1604underthetitleATableAlphabeticall‘ofhardusualEnglishwords'.（剑5,Test1passage1）
分析：
本句主句“Therehadbeendictionaries”；“thefirstofthesebeingalittlebookofsome120pages,compiledbyacertainRobertCawdray,publishedin1604underthetitleATableAlphabeticall‘ofhardusualEnglishwords'”为独立主格结构，其中“compiledbyacertainRobertCawdray”和“publishedin1604underthetitleATableAlphabeticall‘ofhardusualEnglishwords'”均为过去分词短语作定语，做alittlebook的定语。
4.ItishighlyappropriatethatDrSamuelJohnson,theverymodelofaneighteenth-centuryliteraryman,asfamousinhisowntimeasinours,shouldhavepublishedhisDictionaryattheverybeginningoftheheydayofthemiddleclass.（剑5,Test1passage1）
分析：
本句的主句为“Itishighlyappropriatethat…”,其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句，即“thatDrSamuelJohnson,theverymodelofaneighteenth-centuryliteraryman,asfamousinhisowntimeasinours,shouldhavepublishedhisDictionaryattheverybeginningoftheheydayofthemiddleclass”；在主语从句中“theverymodelofaneighteenth-centuryliteraryman”为DrSamuelJohnson的同位语，“asfamousinhisowntimeasinours”为DrSamuelJohnson的定语。
5.Hisapproachtotheproblemsthathadworriedwritersthroughoutthelateseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturieswasintenselypractical.（剑5,Test1passage1）
分析：
本句的主句为“Hisapproachtotheproblemswasintenselypractical”；“thathadworriedwritersthroughoutthelateseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturies”为定语从句，做theproblems的定语，关系词为that。
6.Hewastobepaid￡1,575ininstallments,andfromthishetookmoneytorent17GoughSquare,inwhichhesetuphis‘dictionaryworkshop'.（剑5,Test1passage1）
分析：
本句为并列句，“Hewastobepaid￡1,575ininstallments”和“fromthishetookmoneytorent17GoughSquare,inwhichhesetuphis‘dictionaryworkshop'.”并列，由and连接；“inwhichhesetuphis‘dictionaryworkshop'.”为定语从句，做17GoughSquare的定语，关系词为which。
7.JamesBoswell,hisbiographer,describedthegarretwhereJohnsonworkedas‘fitteduplikeacountinghouse'withalongdeskrunningdownthemiddleatwhichthecopyingclerkswouldworkstandingup.（剑5,Test1passage1）
分析：
本句主句为“JamesBoswelldescribedthegarretas‘fitteduplikeacountinghouse'withalongdesk.”；“hisbiographer”为JamesBoswell的同位语；“whereJohnsonworked”为定语从句，做thegarret的定语，关系词为where;“runningdownthemiddle”为现在分词短语做定语，做alongdesk的定语；“atwhichthecopyingclerkswouldworkstandingup”为定语从句，做longdesk的定语，关系词为which。
8.Hewasalsohelpedbysixassistants,twoofwhomdiedwhilstthedictionarywasstillinpreparation.（剑5,Test1passage1）
分析：
本句主句为“Hewasalsohelpedbysixassistants”；“twoofwhomdiedwhilstthedictionarywasstillinpreparation”为定语从句，做sixassistants的定语，关系词为whom；在定语从句中，“whilstthedictionarywasstillinpreparation”为whilst引导的时间状语从句。
9.ThefactthatJohnsonhadtakenontheAcademiesofEuropeandmatchedthem（everyoneknewthatfortyFrenchacademicshadtakenfortyyearstoproducethefirstFrenchnationaldictionary）wascauseformuchEnglishcelebration.（剑5,Test1passage1）
分析：
本句的主句为“ThefactwascauseformuchEnglishcelebration”；“thatJohnsonhadtakenontheAcademiesofEuropeandmatchedthem”为that引导的同位语从句，做Thefact的同位语；括号中部分起到解释说明的作用。
10.Afewyearsago,inoneofthemostfascinatinganddisturbingexperimentsinbehaviouralpsychology,StanleyMilgramofYaleUniversitytested40subjectsfromallwalksoflifefortheirwillingnesstoobeyinstructionsgivenbya‘leader'inasituationinwhichthesubjectsnightfeelapersonaldistastefortheactionstheywerecalledupontoperform.（剑5,Test1passage2）
分析：
本句主句为“StanleyMilgramofYaleUniversitytested40subjectsfromallwalksoflifefortheirwillingnesstoobeyinstructionsgivenbya‘leader'inasituation”；“Afewyearsago,inoneofthemostfascinatinganddisturbingexperimentsinbehaviouralpsychology”为状语；“inwhichthesubjectsnightfeelapersonaldistastefortheactionstheywerecalledupontoperform”为定语从句，做asituation的定语，关系词为which,其中“theywerecalledupontoperform”也为定语从句，做theactions的定语，关系词在该定语从句中做宾语，因此被省掉。
11.Milgramtoldeachvolunteer‘teacher-subject'thattheexperimentwasinthenoblecauseofeducation,andwasdesignedtotestwhetherornotpunishingpupilsfortheirmistakeswouldhaveapositiveeffectonthepupil'sabilitytolearn.（剑5,Test1passage2）
分析：
本句的主句为“Milgramtoldeachvolunteer‘teacher-subject'that…”；“thattheexperimentwasinthenoblecauseofeducation,andwasdesignedtotestwhetherornotpunishingpupilsfortheirmistakeswouldhaveapositiveeffectonthepupil'sabilitytolearn.”为宾语从句，做动词told的宾语；“whetherornotpunishingpupilsfortheirmistakeswouldhaveapositiveeffectonthepupil'sabilitytolearn”为whether引导的宾语从句，做test的宾语。
1.Theteacher-subjectwastoldthatwheneverthepupilgavethewronganswertoaquestion,ashockwastobeadministered,beginningatthelowestlevelandincreasinginseveritywitheachsuccessivewronganswer.（剑5,Test1passage2）
分析：
本句的主句为“Theteacher-subjectwastoldthat…”;“thatwheneverthepupilgavethewronganswertoaquestion,ashockwastobeadministered,beginningatthelowestlevelandincreasinginseveritywitheachsuccessivewronganswer”为that引导的宾语从句，做tell的宾语；在该宾语从句中“ashockwastobeadministered”为主句，而“wheneverthepupilgavethewronganswertoaquestion”为whenever引导的时间装语从句，在该宾语从句中做时间状语，“beginningatthelowestlevelandincreasinginseveritywitheachsuccessivewronganswer”为现在分词短语做状语，在该宾语从句中做伴随状语。
2.Milgramtoldtheteacher-subjecttoignorethereactionsofthepupil,andtoadministerwhateverlevelofshockwascalledfor,aspertherulegoverningtheexperimentalsituationofthemoment.（剑5,Test1passage2）
分析：
本句的主句为“Milgramtoldtheteacher-subjecttoignorethereactionsofthepupil,andtoadministerwhateverlevelofshockwascalledfor”;其中“whateverlevelofshockwascalledfor”为whatever引导的宾语从句，做administer的宾语；asper为介词短语，意为依据，根据；“governingtheexperimentalsituationofthemoment”为现在分词短语作定语，做therule的定语。
3.Astheexperimentunfolded,thepupilwoulddefinitelygivethewronganswerstoquestionsposedbytheteacher,therebybringingonvariouselectricalpunishments,evenuptothedangerlevelof300voltsandbeyond.（剑5,Test1passage2）
分析：
本句主句“thepupilwoulddefinitelygivethewronganswerstoquestions”;“Astheexperimentunfolded”为As引导的时间状语从句，做该主句的时间状语；“posedbytheteacher”为过去分词短语作定语，做questions的定语；“bringingonvariouselectricalpunishments,evenuptothedangerlevelof300voltsandbeyond”为现在分词短语作状语，做主句的伴随状语。
4.Inthesesituations,Milgramcalmlyexplainedthattheteacher-subjectwastoignorethepupil'scriesformercyandcarryontheexperiment.（剑5,Test1passage2）
分析：
本句的主句为“Milgramcalmlyexplainedthat…”;“thattheteacher-subjectwastoignorethepupil'scriesformercyandcarryontheexperiment”为that引导的宾语从句，做explain的宾语；在该宾语从句中“toignorethepupil'scriesformercyandcarryontheexperiment”为不定式做表语。
5.Ifthesubjectwasstillreluctanttoproceed,Milgramsaidthatitwasimportantforthesakeoftheexperimentthattheprocedurebefollowedthroughtotheend.（剑5,Test1passage2）
分析：
本句的主句为“Milgramsaidthat…”;“Ifthesubjectwasstillreluctanttoproceed”为If引导的条件状语从句；“thatitwasimportantforthesakeoftheexperimentthattheprocedurebefollowedthroughtotheend.”为that引导的宾语从句，做said的宾语；在该宾语从句“thatitwasimportantforthesakeoftheexperimentthattheprocedurebefollowedthroughtotheend.”中，it为形式主语，“thattheprocedurebefollowedthroughtotheend”为that引导的主语从句，是该宾语从句真正的主语。
6.WhatMilgramwastryingtodiscoverwasthenumberofteacher-subjectswhowouldbewillingtoadministerthehighestlevelsofshock,eveninthefaceofstrongpersonalandmoralrevulsionagainsttherulesandconditionsoftheexperiment.（剑5,Test1passage2）
分析：
本句的主句为“WhatMilgramwastryingtodiscoverwasthenumberofteacher-subjects”;“WhatMilgramwastryingtodiscover”为What引导的主语从句；“whowouldbewillingtoadministerthehighestlevelsofshock,eveninthefaceofstrongpersonalandmoralrevulsionagainsttherulesandconditionsoftheexperiment.”为定语从句，做teacher-subjects的定语，关系词为who。
7.Priortocarryingouttheexperiment,Milgramexplainedhisideatoagroupof39psychiatristsandaskedthemtopredicttheaveragepercentageofpeopleinanordinarypopulationwhowouldbewillingtoadministerthehighestshocklevelof450volts.（剑5,Test1passage2）
分析：
本句的主句为“Milgramexplainedhisideatoagroupof39psychiatristsandaskedthemtopredicttheaveragepercentageofpeopleinanordinarypopulation.”;“Priortocarryingouttheexperiment”为时间状语，priorto相当于before;“whowouldbewillingtoadministerthehighestshocklevelof450volts.”为定语从句，做anordinarypopulation的定语，关系词为who。
8.Theove
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