职称英语真题理工Bword完整版.docx

职称英语真题理工Bword完整版.docx

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职称英语真题理工Bword完整版

2013年职称英语真题（B）

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Therewassomethingpeculiarinthewayhesmiles.

A.differentB.wrongC.strangeD.funny

2.Ihavelittleinformationasregardsherfitnessforthepost.

A.atB.withC.aboutD.from

3.Shecameacrossthreechildrensleepingunderabridge.

A.foundbychanceB.passedbyC.tookanoticeofD.wokeup

4.Therulesaretoorigidtoallowforhumaneerror.

A.generalB.complexC.directD.inflexible

5.Itseemsincrediblethathehadbeenthereaweekalready.

A.unbelievableB.rightC.obviousD.unclear

6.Shegetsaggressivewhensheisdrunk.

A.worriedB.sleepyC.anxiousD.offensive

7.Rumorsbegantocirculateabouthisfinancialproblems.

A.sendB.hearC.spreadD.confirm

8.Asapolitician,heknowshowtomanipulatepublicopinion.

A.expressB.influenceC.divideD.voice

9.Theseanimalsmigratesouthannuallyinsearchoffood.

A.exploreB.travelC.inhabitD.prefer

10.Hewastemptedbythehighsalaryofferedbythecompany.

A.taughtB.keptC.changedD.attracted

11.Thepolicewillneedtokeepawaryeyeonthisareaoftown.

A.cautiousB.nakedC.blindD.private

12.Makesurethetableissecurelyanchored.

A.repairedB.clearedC.bookedD.fixed

13.Comeout,orI’llbustthedoordown.

A.shutB.breakC.setD.beat

14.Thecontractbetweenthetwocompanieswillexpiresoon.

A.shortenB.startC.endD.resume

15.Hepaused,waitingforhertodigesttheinformation.

A.understandB.withholdC.exchangeD.contact

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）

WideWorldofRobots

Engineerswhobuildandprogramrobotshavefascinatingjobs.Theseresearcherstinker（修补）withmachinesinthelabandwritecomputersoftwaretocontrolthesedevices."They'rethebesttoysoutthere,"saysHowieChosetatCarnegieMellonUniversityinPittsburgh.Chosetisarobotics,apersonwhodesigns,buildsorprogramsrobots.

WhenChosetwasakid,hewasinterestedinanythingthatmoved—cars,trains,animals.HeputmotorsonTinkertoycarstomakethemmove.Later,inhighschool,hebuiltmobilerobotssimilartosmallcars.

Hopingtocontinueworkingonrobots,hestudiedcomputerscienceincollege.ButwhenhegottograduateschoolattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyinPasadena,Choset'slabmateswereworkingonsomethingevencoolerthanremotelycontrolledcars:

roboticsnakes.Somerobotscanmoveonlyforward,backward,leftandright.Butsnakescantwist（扭曲）inmanydirectionsandtraveloveralotofdifferenttypesofterrain（地形）."Snakesarefarmoreinterestingthanthecars,"Chosetconcluded.

AfterhestartedworkingatCarnegieMellon,Chosetandhiscolleaguestherebegandevelopingtheirownsnakerobots.Choset'steamprogrammedrobotstoperformthesamemovementsasrealsnakes,suchasslidingandinchingforward.Therobotsalsomovedinwaysthatsnakesusuallydon't,suchasrolling.Choset'ssnakerobotscouldcrawl（爬行）throughthegrass,swiminapondandevenclimbaflagpole.

ButChosetwonderedifhissnakesmightbeusefulformedicineaswell.Forsomeheartsurgeries,thedoctorhastoopenapatient'schest,cuttingthroughthebreastbone.Recoveringfromthesesurgeriescanbeverypainful.Whatifthedoctorcouldperformtheoperationbyinsteadmakingasmallholeinthebodyandsendinginathinroboticsnake?

ChosetteamedupwithMarcoZenati,aheartsurgeonnowatHarvardMedicalSchool,toinvestigatetheidea.Zenatipracticedusingtherobotonaplasticmodelofthechestandthentestedtherobotinpigs.

AcompanycalledMedroboticsinBostonisnowadaptingthetechnologyforsurgeriesonpeople.

Evenafter15yearsofworkingwithhisteam'screations,"Istilldon'tgetboredofwatchingthemotionofmyrobots,"Chosetsays.

16.Chosetbegantobuildrobotsinhighschool.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17.Snakerobotscouldmoveinonlyfourdirections.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18.Chosetdidn'tbegindevelopinghisownsnakerobotsuntilhestartedworkingatCarnegieMellon.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19.Choset'ssnakerobotscouldmakemoremovementsthantheonesothersdeveloped.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20.Theapplicationofathinroboticsnakemakesheartsurgerieslesstime-consuming.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21.Zenatitestedtherobotonpeopleafterusingitinpigs.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22.TherobotictechnologyforsurgeriesonpeoplehasbroughtahandsomeprofittoMedrobotics.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个最佳标题；

（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

BlackHoles

1.Blackholescanbebestdescribedasasortofvacuum,suckingupeverythinginspace.Scientistshavediscoveredthatblackholescomefromanexplosionofhugestars.Starsthatareneardeathcannolongerburnduetolossoffuel,andbecauseitstemperaturecannolongercontrolthegravitational（重力的）force,hydrogenendsupputtingpressureontothestar’ssurfaceuntilitsuddenlyexplodesthencollapses.

2.Blackholescomefromstarsthataremadeofhydrogen,othergasesandafewmetals.Whentheseexplodeitcanturnintoastellar-mass（恒星质量）blackhole,whichcanonlyoccurifthestarislargeenough（shouldbebiggerthanthesun）fortheexplosiontobreakitintopieces,andthegravitystartstocompacteverypieceintothetiniestparticle.Trytoseeandcompare:

ifastarthat’stentimesthesizeofthesunendsupbeingablackholethat’snolongerthan70kilometers,thentheEarthwouldbecomeablackholethat’sonlyafractionofaninch!

3.Objectsthatgetsuckedinablackholewillalwaysremainthere,nevertobreakfree.Butrememberthatblackholescanonlygobbleup（吞噬）objectswithinaspecificdistancetoit.It’spossibleforalargestarnearthesuntobecomeablackhole,butthesunwillcontinuetostayinplace.Orbitsdonotchangebecausethenewlyformedblackholecontainsexactlythesameamountofmassaswhenitwasastar,onlythistimeitsmassistotallycontractedthatitcanendupasnobiggerthanastate.

4.Sofar,astronomershavefiguredoutthatblackholesexistbecauseofAlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativity.Intheend,throughnumerousstudies,theyhavediscoveredthatblackholestrulyexist.Sinceblackholestraplightanddonotgiveofflight,itisnearlyimpossibletodetectblackholesviaatelescope.Butastronomerscontinuetostudygalaxies,spaceandthesolarsystemtounderstandhowblackholesmightevolve.Itispossiblethatblackholescanexistformillionsofyears,andlatercontributetoabiggerprocessingalaxies,whichcaneventuallyleadtocreationofnewentities.Scientistsalsocreditblackholesashelpfulinlearninghowgalaxiesbegantoform.

A.Isthereproofthatblackholesreallyexist?

B.Whataredifferenttypesofblackholes?

C.Howareblackholesformed?

D.Howwereblackholesnamed?

E.Whathappenstotheobjectsaroundablackhole?

F.Whatareblackholesmadeof?

23.Paragraph1

24.Paragraph2

25.Paragraph3

26.Paragraph4

27.Blackholesareformedafter.

28.Whenalargestarexplodes,thegravitycompactseverypieceinto.

29.Anewlyformedblackholeandthestaritcomesfromareof.

30.AlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativityhelpstoprove.

A.thecreationofnewentities

B.anexplosionofhugestars

C.thetiniestparticle

D.thesameamountofmass

E.theexistenceofblackholes

F.afractionofaninch

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇EnergyandPublicLands

TheUnitedStatesboastssubstantialenergyresources.FederallandsprovideagooddealofU.S.energyproduction;theU.S.DepartmentoftheInteriormanagesfederalenergyleasing,bothonlandandontheoffshoreOuterContinentalShelf.Productionfromthesesourcesamountstonearly30percentoftotalannualU.S.energyproduction.

In2000,32percentofU.S.oil,35percentofnaturalgas,and37percentofcoalwereproducedfromfederallands,representing20,000producingoilandgasleasesand135producingcoalleases.Federallandsarealsoestimatedtocontainapproximately68percentofallundiscoveredU.S.oilreservesand74percentofundiscoverednaturalgas.

Revenuesfromfederaloil,gas,andcoalleasingprovidesignificantreturnstoU.S.taxpayersaswellasStategovernments.In1999,forexample,$553millioninoilandgasrevenueswerepaidtotheU.S.Treasury,andnon-Indiancoalleasesaccountedforover$304millioninrevenues,ofwhich50percentwerepaidtoStategovernments.Publiclandsalsoplayacriticalroleinenergydelivery.Eachyear,federallandmanagersauthorizerightsofwayfortransmissionlines,railsystems,pipelines,andotherfacilitiesrelatedtoenergyproductionanduse.

Alternativeenergyproductionfromfederallandslagsbehindconventionalenergyproduction,thoughtheamountisstillsignificant.Forexample,federalgeothermalresourcesproduceabout7.5billionkilowatt-hoursofelectricityperyear,47percentofallelectricitygeneratedfromU.S.geothermalenergy.Thereare2,960windturbinesonpubliclandsinCaliforniaalone,producingelectricityforabout300,000people.Federalhydropowerfacilitiesproduceabout17percentofallhydropowerproducedintheUnitedStates.

BecauseofthegrowingU.S.thirstforenergyandincreasingpublicuneasewithdependenceonforeignoilsources,pressureonthepubliclandstomeetU.S.energydemandsisintensifying.Publiclandsareavailableforenergydevelopmentonlyaftertheyhavebeenevaluatedthroughthelanduse