大学英语病句改写全套.docx
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大学英语病句改写全套
改写病句
串句
串句：
错误将两个独立的分句串在一起，不用连词、标点，误将两个句子当成一个句子。
类型：
1。
用一个逗号把两个独立的句子连接起来。
2。
什么标点符号都没有使用。
破句
破句：
是一组词由于缺少主语或动词无法表达完整意思的错句。
只是句子的一个从属部分
类型：
从属词破句，分词、不定式破句，附加细节句，无主破句。
1st:
修改串句：
4ways
分成两个句子
误Thelocaltireplantshutdownfortheholidayeveryonehadtwoweeksoff.
正Thelocaltireplantshutdownfortheholiday.Asaresult,everyonehadtwoweeksoff.
误Shedidn’tfeelparticularlywellshewenttobed.
正Shedidn’tfeelparticularlywell.Therefore，shewenttobed.
误Hetriedmanytimestogiveupsmokinghenevermanagedto.
正Hetriedmanytimestogiveupsmoking.However,henevermanagedto.
用连词and,but,for,or,nor,so,yet连接两个句子，连词之前加逗号。
（误）Don’tteasethedogyoumightgetbitten.
（正）Don’tteasethedog,oryoumightgetbitten.
用分号连接两个句子
1.Hetriedmanytimestogiveupsmoking;however,henevermanagedto.
2.Thelocaltireplantshutdownfortheholiday;asaresult,everyonehadtwoweeksoff.
用从属连词把一个分句化为从句，修饰或限定主句
Afterwewalkedovertothewaterfallslowly,wesatdowntoadmirethebeautyofthefalls.
Thereisnoschooltomorrow,sotheywillgoonapicnic.
最佳方法修改串句
首选逗号加并列连词，用于两句之间有逻辑关系的句子；
其次选择分号，用于两句中有表示连接关系的副词或副词词组时或后句是前句的说明时；
最后考虑句号，用于两句没有逻辑关系或角度表化等情况。
2nd：
修改破句：
4类
类1：
从属词破句
（误）Smokersclaimtherighttosmokeinpublicplaces.Whilenonsmokersclaimtherighttocleanair.
（正）Smokersclaimtherighttosmokeinpublicplaceswhilenonsmokersclaimtherighttocleanair.
（误）Examinationsremainasprimitiveaseverbefore.Nomatterhowadvancedourscienceandtechnologyhavebecomeinthismodernsociety.
（正）Examinationsremainasprimitiveaseverbeforenomatterhowadvancedourscienceandtechnologyhavebecomeinthismodernsociety.
（误）AfterIarrivedinChicagobybus.Icheckedintoaroom.ThenIwenttoadinnertogetsomethingtoeat.
（正）AfterIarrivedinChicagobybus,Icheckedintoaroom,andthenIwenttoadinnertogetsomethingtoeat.
（误）Mydaughterlikestomakepaperboats.Whichshefloatsinthetubduringhernightlybath.
（正）Mydaughterlikestomakepaperboatswhichshefloatsinthetubduringhernightlybath.
（正）Mydaughterlikestomakepaperboats.Shefloatstheminthetubduringhernightlybath.
类2：
分词和不定式破句
修改方法
（1）让破句与其前或其后的句子连接起来，使语义完整
（2）增添主语，把现在分词改成动词的正确形式；
（3）把being改为be的恰当形式；
（4）将不定式部分与前面句子连接起来。
（误）Startingattheclockonthefarwall.Inervouslybeganmyspeech.Iwasafraidtolookatanyofthepeopleintheroom.
（正）Startingattheclockonthefarwall,Inervouslybeganmyspeech.Iwasafraidtolookatanyofthepeopleintheroom.
（误）Ispentalmosttwohoursonthephoneyesterday.Tryingtofindagaragetorepairmycar.EventuallyIhadtohaveittowedtoagarageinanothertown.
（正）Ispentalmosttwohoursonthephoneyesterday,tryingtofindagaragetorepairmycar.EventuallyIhadtohaveittowedtoagarageinanothertown.
（误）Iplanonworkingovertime.Togetthisjobfinished.Otherwise,mybossmaygetangrywith.
（正）Iplanonworkingovertimetogetthisjobfinished.Otherwise,mybossmaygetangrywith.
类3：
增加细节引起的破句
especially,specially,forexample,suchas,forinstance,like,also,aswellas,except,but,besides后接n.时,不能单独存在，只能是句子的部分。
修改方法：
（1）与其前面具有完整意义的句子连接起来；
（2）增加主语和谓语动词；（3）改动,使其成为前句的一部分。
（误）Myauntlikeswatchingdaytimetelevisionshows.Especiallyoldmoviesandsoapoperas.
（正）Myauntlikeswatchingdaytimetelevisionshows,especiallyoldmoviesandsoapoperas.
（误）Studentcheatingisstillwidelypracticed.Inspiteofthefactthattheviolatorsgetseverepunishmentoncetheyarecaught.
（正）Studentcheatingisstillwidelypracticedinspiteofthefactthattheviolatorsgetseverepunishmentoncetheyarecaught.
（误）Hefailedanumberofcoursesbeforeheearnedhisdegree.Amongthem,English,Economics,andGeneralBiology.
（正）AmongthecourseshefailedbeforeheearnedhisdegreewereEnglish,Economics,andGeneralBiology.
（误）Cottongrowswellintheircounty.ParticularlyinVanguardCommune.
（正）Cottongrowswellintheircounty,particularlyinVanguardCommune.
类4：
缺少主语的破句
改正方法为：
a.使破句依附于前面的句子
b.增加主语（该主语往往是代词，指代前句中的主语）
（误）Theytakeanactivepartinsocialactivities.Onholidays,frequentlydotemporaryjobs.
（正）Theytakeanactivepartinsocialactivities,andonholidays,theyfrequentlydotemporaryjobs.
（误）Oneexampleofmyfather’sgenerosityisthathevisitssickfriendsinthehospital.Andtakesalongget-wellcardswithafewdollarsfoldedinthem．在慰问卡里塞钱
（正）Oneexampleofmyfather’sgenerosityisthathevisitssickfriendsinthehospitalandtakesalongget-wellcardswithafewdollarsfoldedinthe
（正）Oneexampleofmyfather’sgenerosityisthathevisitssickfriendsinthehospital.Hetakesalongget-wellcardswithafewdollarsfoldedinthem.
（误）Sarahlookedwithadmirationatthestunninglyattractivemodel.Andwonderedhowthemodellookeduponwakingupinthemorning.
（正）Sarahlookedwithadmirationatthestunninglyattractivemodelandwonderedhowthemodellookeduponwakingupinthemorning.
3rd:
错误平行结构
（1）词与词间的平行（名词、形容词、副词、动名词、分词以及不定式等）
①Aweddinganniversaryisacelebrationoflove,trust,partnership,andtolerance.
②Kateisnotonlybeautifulbutalsointelligent.
③Tomworkscarefullyanddiligently.
④Workingorresting,shealwaysenjoyedherself.
⑤Thesoldierpreferredtodieratherthansurrender.
（2）词组间的平行：
That’sonesmallstepforaman,onegiantleapformankind.
Weprefercampingintheopentoplayingfootballinthefield.
（3）分句间的平行：
Theloveoflibertyistheloveofothers;theloveofpoweristheloveofourselves.
Takeyourbooksoutandputthemonthedesk.
Hepaidmoreattentiontowhatheatethantowhathewore.
（4）句子间的平行：
Militarily,GreatBritainwasshockinglyweakin1941.Socially,however,thecountrywassurprisinglystrong.
（误）Katehasbeenawaitress,anurseandtaughtschool.
（正）Katehasbeenawaitress,anurseandateacher.（系列中的每个平行成分都应是名词。
）
（误）Thegovernorisfacingthedifficulttaskofdevelopingindustrybuthowtonotdestroytheenvironment.
（正）Thegovernorisfacingthedifficulttaskofdevelopingindustrybutnotdestroyingtheenvironment.（平行成分为动名词短语）
（误）Recentmoviesreflectmajorimprovementsinnotonlyphotographbutalsoinediting.
（正）Recentmoviesreflectmajorimprovementsnotonlyinphotographbutalsoinediting.（平行成分为动名词短语）
（误）Infact,flyingisoftenlessdangerousthantodriveacar.
（正）Infact,flyingisoftenlessdangerousthandrivingacar.（被比较的成分都应为动名词形式
（误）JaneisabeautifulandthekindestwomanIhavenevermet.
（正）JaneisthemostbeautifulandthekindestwomanIhavenevermet.
（误）Whentheweathergetscold,draftyandrainsalot,itisespeciallyimportanttokeepyourfeetwell-covered.
（正）Whentheweathergetscold,draftyanddamp,itisespeciallyimportanttokeepyourfeetwell-covered.（前两项都是形容词，因此第三项不能用动词，必须改为形容词）
常用的句子结构有：
and,but,either/or,neither/nor,notonly/butalso,
both/and,whether/or,although/though/yet,if/then,
not…but…,would/hadrather…than…，prefer…to…，
as…as…/notas（so）…as…
结构不平行的情况有3种:
1.并列结构中的不平行省略
（误）Mostofuslackknowledgeorcomfortwithscience.
（正）Mostofuslackknowledgeoforcomfortwithscience.
2.比较结构的不平行
（误）MarsisnearertousthanPluto.
（正）MarsisnearertousthantoPluto.（MarsisnearertousthanitistoPluto.）
“than”前为句子，后为单个词，所以造成句子的不平衡。
在写比较级的句子时，一定要注意“than”两侧的文法结构是否一致。
3.连词两侧的结构不平行
（误）Themathteachernotonlyirritatesmebyhishigh-pitchedvoice,butalsoIbegantohatethemathclass.
（正）Themathteachernotonlyirritatesmebyhishigh-pitchedvoice,butalsomakesmehatethemathclass.
4th:
修饰语错置
修饰语错置是因将修饰语与被修饰语之间摆放的位置不恰当（通常是相互之间间隔得太远）：
就是移位置
Billyelledatthehowlingdoginhisunderwear.à
Bill，inhisunderwear，yelledatthehowlingdog.
Thefinalsceneunitestwocharacters,who,inthebeginning,hadhatedeachotherinabeautifulway.à
Thefinalsceneunitesinabeautifulwaytwocharacters,who,inthebeginning,hadhatedeachother.
Alicecouldseealotofcarsrunningfastoutsidethroughherwindow.à
Throughherwindow,Alicecouldseealotofcarsrunningfastoutside.
Hegavetherosetothelovelyactressthathehadboughtforhiswife.à
Hegavetherosethathehadboughtforhiswifetothelovelyactress.
1.像only,just,almost,nearly这样的修饰语时，尽量靠近被修饰语，且一般放在被修饰语前面。
2.表示时间，地点，方式的状语从句放在句首
3.状语修饰语难以在句中找到恰当的位置时，句首是个好地方。
Themayorwasabletocuttheribbonandthenthebandplayedwhensomeonefoundscissors.（动作顺序违反自然规律）à
Whensomeonefoundscissors,themayorwasabletocuttheribbonandthenthebandplayed.
4.以which或that开头的从句，要跟在被修饰的词后面。
Thehousewasinthewoodsthatburnedlastnight.à
Thehousethatburnedlastnightwasinthewoods.
5.不要把修饰语放在可以修饰句中两个部分的位置上,以避免模棱两可。
Peoplewhowalknormallyarehealthierthanthosewhodon’t.à
Peoplewhowalkarenormallyhealthierthanthosewhodon’t.
或Normally,peoplewhowalkarehealthierthanthosewhodon’t.
5th:
悬垂修饰语
（误）Openingthecupboard,askeletonfellout.
（正）WhenIopenedthecupboard,askeletonfellout.
（误）Discouragedbylowgrades,droppingoutmadesense.
（正）Discouragedbylowgrades,Ithoughtdroppingoutmadesense.
（误）Whenbathingthebaby,thewatershouldbewarm,nothot.
（正）Whenbathingthebaby,youshouldbesurethewatershouldbewarm,nothot.
（误）Runningalongthehighway,myearsfeltfrozen.
（正）Runningalongthehighway,Ifeltasifmyearsfeltfrozen.
（2）垂悬动名词：
还是找主语
（误）Approachingtheguardrail（围栏）onLookoutMountain,avastexpanseoffarmlandcouldbeseen.
（正）WhenweapproachedtheguardrailonLookoutMountain,avastexpanseoffarmlandcouldbeseen.
（误）Intalkingwithmystudents,theytoldmeoftheirsuggestions.
（正）WhenIwastalkingwithmystudents,theytoldmeoftheirsuggestions.
（误）While
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