英语自然拼音表.docx

英语自然拼音表.docx

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英语自然拼音表

英语语音基础表

1.音节：

（1）单音节是由一个元音（或再加上前后的辅音）构成。

如：

makefacemyIMike.

（2）双音节是由两个元音（或再加上前后的辅音）构成。

如：

houranswer.

（3）多音节是由三个或三个以上的音节构成。

如：

exercise.

（4）开音节：

元音字母后面没有辅音字母时，为绝对开音节；"元音字母+辅音字母（r除外）+不发音的e"时，为相对开音节。

如：

绝对开音节no相对开音节note.

（5）闭音节：

元音字母后面有辅音字母。

如：

notdeskon.

2.音节的划分：

（1）在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅音字母时（除r和字母组合外），一个属于前面，另一个属于后面。

如：

let-terap-ple.

（2）两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅音字母时（除r和字母组合外），如果前面是开音节，则该辅音字母属于后面；如果前面是闭音节，则该辅音字母属于前面。

如：

stu-dentstud-y.

（3）在两个音节相邻处有字母r时：

相邻处是rr时，一个r属于前面，另一个r属于后面，前边按重读闭音节规律发音。

如：

mar-ry.

相邻处是"元音字母+r+其他辅音字母"时，r属于前面，前边按重读-r音节规律发音。

如：

far-ther.

相邻处是"元音字母+r+元音字母"时，r属于前面。

如：

dur-ing.

有字母组合的词在划分音节时，要保持字母组合的完整。

如：

daugh-ter.

3.26个英文字母在单词中常发的音：

a[a]b[b]c[k]d[d]e[e]

f[f]g[g]h[h]i[i]j[dʒ]

k[k]l[l]m[m]n[n]o[ɔ]

p[p]q[k]qu[kw]r[r]s[s]

t[t]u[ʌ]v[v]w[w]x[ks]

y[j]z[z]

a_ee_ei_eo_eu_e

[ei][i:

][ai][əu][ju:

]

4.基本字母组合发音：

an[æn]canranpanfan

at[æt]cathatratbat

en[en]hentenpenmen

et[et]netpetwetjet

ig[ig]bigdigpigwig

ip[ip]sipdipripzip

ot[ɔt]hotcotpotdot

og[ɔg]frogfoglogdog

ug[ʌg]rugbughugmug

ink[iŋk]drinkpinksinkwink

5.元音字母和元音字母组合在非重读音节中的读音：

aeiou

[ə][ə][ə][ə][ə]

arerorur

[ə][ə][ə][ə]

如：

aboutaroundhelloAprilstudento'clock

collectiondoctorgrammaranswerbrother

AugustSaturday

元音字母组合发音规则

a的字母组合：

ai[ei]

ai[ei]rainpaintpainjailrailnailstraight

ai[e]againsaid

ay[ei]

ay[ei]bayraywaysayhaypayMaylayday

play

aw[ɔ:

]

aw[ɔ:

]pawdrawsawstrawstrawberrylawawful

au[ɔ:

]

au[ɔ:

]Augustsaucesausagenaughtyautumnapplause

becauseastronaut

au[a:

]auntlaugh

augh[ɔ:

]

augh[ɔ:

]daughter

air/aer[eə]

air/aer[eə]hairaeroplaneaerial

al[ɔ:

]

al[ɔ:

]talkcalltallfallballwallalso

al[a:

]halfpalm（al+f或m时，读[a:

]）

e的字母组合：

ee[i:

]

ee[i:

]reedseelbeepeeljeepfeetseeteethstreet

beefweekagreegreenneed

ea[i:

]/[e]

ea[i:

]seameatpeanutcleanpeachtealeafpea

creameatpleaseteacher

ea[e]headsweatersweatpearleadbearleather

featherweatherheavybreakfast

ea[ei]great

ea[iə]reallyidea

ey[i:

]/[ei]

ey[i:

]donkeymoneyjockeyturkeymonkeyhockey

key

ey[ei]grey

ear[iə]/[eə]

ear[iə]hearnearbearddearyear

ear[eə]bearwearpear

ear[a:

]heart

ear[ə:

]learnearly（ear+辅音时，ear读[ə:

]）

eer[iə]

eer[iə]deerbeer

ei/eigh[ei]

ei/eigh[ei]veileight

ei/eigh[ai]heightneithereither

ei[i:

]receive（c+ei时,ei常读[i:

]）

eu/ew/iew[ju:

]

eu/ew/iew[ju:

]neutraldeucenewviewreviewfew

nephewdewhewnewspaper

eir[eə]

eir[eə]theirtheirs

eo[i:

]

eo[i:

]people

i的字母组合：

ie[ai]

ie[ai]tiepieliedie

ie[i:

]thiefbeliefbelieve

ie[e]friendly

ie[aiə]quietscience

ia/io[aiə]

ia/io[aiə]dialoguepioneerdiarylion

ig/igh[ai]

ig/igh[ai]rightsightnighttightlightsignfighthigh

o的字母组合：

oa[əu]

oa[əu]roadtoasttoadcoalgoatboatcoatsoap

coach

ow[əu]/[au]

ow[əu]rainbowpillowyellowwindowbowlrow

hollowlowfollowshowknowsnow

ow[au]cowtowelclownowlcrownbrownflower

towerhowcrowdeddownnow

ou[au]

ou[au]houseoutmouthcountfountainmountain

shoutmousefoundsoundaround

ou[ʌ]countryyoung

ou[u:

]groupsoupyouthrough

ou[əu]thoughshoulderalthough

oi[ɔi]

oi[ɔi]coinoilpointnoiseboilsoilpoisoncoil

joinvoice

oy[ɔi]

oy[ɔi]boyoystertoycowboysoyenjoy

oo[u:

]

oo[u:

]moonzooroofroosterbootsfoodspoon

roomcoolpoolnoodleschoolsoontoo

oo[u]bookwoodscookiewoolfootcookhook

lookgood

our[ɔ:

]/[auə]

our[ɔ:

]/[auə]fourouryour

our[uə]tour

our[ə:

]journey

owe/ower[auə]

owe/ower[auə]towelflower

oor/oar[ɔ:

]

oor/oar[ɔ:

]doorboard

oor[uə]poor

ough[ɔ:

]

ough[ɔ:

]oughtthought

oul[u]

oul[u]shouldwouldcould

u的字母组合：

ui[u:

]/[ju:

]

ui[u:

]suitjuicefruit

ui[ju:

]suitcase

ue[u:

]/[e]

ue[u:

]Sueblueglue

ue[e]guessguest

uy[ai]

uy[ai]buyguy

ture[tʃə]

ture[tʃə]future

y的字母组合：

y

y[ai]skyflydryspytypeshycrymyby

y[i]rainysunnypuppydizzydirtyponyhappy

babyphysics

y[j]yesyard（词首的y用作辅音字母时，读[j]）

yr[ə:

]

yr[ə:

]myrtle

yre[aiə]

yre[aiə]tyrebyre

"元音字母+re"字母组合（a/e/i/o/u+re）

are[eə]

are[eə]caredarerareharepreparesquare

are[a:

]are

ere[iə]/[eə]

ere[iə]heremeresevere

ere[eə]therewhere

ire

ire[aiə]firewiretireentire

ore

ore[ɔ:

]moreforecorebeforestore

ure[juə]/[uə]

ure[juə]curepureendure

ure[uə]sure

"元音字母+r"字母组合（a/e/i/o/u+r）

ar[ar]

ar[ar]armcararmchaircardcartfarmparkgarden

marketsmarthardartstarstart

ar[ɔ:

]warmquarter

er[ə:

]

er[ə（:

）]sisterbrotherunderroosterwintermermaid

markermotherpersonherotherclever

ir[ə:

]

ir[ə:

]birthdaycircusdirtybirdcircledirtgirlsir

birthfirst

or[ɔr]

or[ɔr]porchporkhorsehornfortmorningcornfork

reportshortsportstorycorner

or[ə（:

）]worldworkdoctoractorword

ur[ər]

ur[ər]turtlesurfingturkeyfurhurtpursenurse

辅音字母组合发音规则

ch[tʃ]/[k]/[ʃ]

ch[tʃ]beachlunchcheesebenchchurchchickenchair

cherrycheap

ch[k]schoolchemistry

ch[ʃ]machine

tch[tʃ]

tch[tʃ]watchcatch

sh[ʃ]

sh[ʃ]sheepshirtshipfishdishpushshoesshovel

wh[w]/[h]

wh[w]whalewhitewheelwheatwhipwhistle

wheelchairwhisper

wh[h]whosewho

ph[f]

ph[f]photoelephanttelephonetrophypharmacy

alphabetgeographydolphin

gu[g]/[gw]

gu[g]guessguest

gu[gw]language

gn[n]

gn[n]signforeign

ng[ŋg]

ng[ŋg]hungrylanguagepenguin

gh[f]

gh[f]laugh

-ge[dʒ]

-ge[dʒ]cabbagebridgeporridge

ck[k]

ck[k]backrock

nc/nk[ŋk]

nc/nk[ŋk]unclebankdrink

th[ð]/[θ]

th[ð]brotherfeatherleatherfathermother

th[θ]thinthroughnothingboth

kn[n]

kn[n]knobkneeknifeknockknitknow

wr[r]

wr[r]wristwrinklewrapwreathwritewrong

mb[m]

mb[m]thumblambbombcombcrumbnumb

mn[m]

mn[m]autumn

qu[kw]

qu[kw]quietquestion

ss[s]

ss[s]glassesgrassdiscuss

tw[tw]

tw[tw]twenty

thr[θr]

thr[θr]through

tr[tr]

tr[tr]tractortrucktraintraytreetriangletrunk

trolleytriptrumpet

dr[dr]

dr[dr]dreamdrumdrydropdrawdrink

bl[bl]blueblackblocksblousebloombleach

blanket

fl[fl]flatfluflyflameflutefloorflagflower

pl[pl]planeplayplusplanetplatformplumplate

cl[kl]clockcloudcleanclayclimbcloseclap

gl[gl]glassgloveglobeglueglassesglider

cr[kr]crowncrabcreamcrowcrayoncry

gr[gr]graygreengrassgrapesgroundgrow

pr[pr]prizepriceprawnpressprinceprincesspray

br[br]brightbrookbrimbridebrownbreadbrick

brother

fr[fr]frogfrostFridayFrenchfriesfruitfrontfriend

frame

sm[sm]smilesmallsmellsmokesmooth

sn[sn]snowmansnowsnoresnakesnail

sneakerssneezesnack

sl[sl]slowslapsleepslideslopesled

sw[sw]switchswallowswanswimsweetswing

sweatersweat

sp[sb]spiderspaceshipspinachspoonspell

st[sd]stockingsstorestarstampstormstickstudent

stand

sc[sg]scarfscooterscannerscarecrowscalescorpion

scoop

sk[sg]skunkskisskirtskates

-ble[bl]terribletableable

-dle[dl]noodleneedle

-（p）ple[pl]peopleapple

-（t）tle[tl]littleturtle

-stle[sl]whistle

-cil[sl]pencil

-（s）son[sn]personlesson

-sin[sn]basin

-son[zn]reasonseason

-fin[fn]muffincoffin

-ften[fn]often

-ven[vn]ovenseven

-（s）sion[ʃən]expression

-tion[ʃən]/[tʃən]

-tion[ʃən]nationinformationsituation

-tion[tʃən]questionsuggestion

-ture[tʃə]futurepicture

-sion[ʒən]decisionconclusion

-ing[iŋ]sittingplayingstandingduringfollowing