prepverbal01.docx
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prepverbal01
Q1
170.
MargaretMead,thebest-knownanthropologistofthetwentiethcentury,helpedshapepublicopiniononfundamentallyimportantareaslikeattitudestowardchildrenandfamilies,alongwiththerelativemeritsofcompetitionandcooperation.
A.shapepublicopiniononfundamentallyimportantareaslikeattitudestowardchildrenandfamilies,alongwith
B.shapepublicopinioninsuchfundamentallyimportantareasasattitudestowardchildrenandfamiliesand
C.toshapepublicopinionaboutsuchfundamentallyimportantareaslikeattitudestowardchildrenandfamilies,alsoabout
D.theshapingofpublicopinionforfundamentallyimportantareassuchasattitudestowardchildrenandfamilies,andthosetoward
E.theshapingofpublicopinionaroundfundamentallyimportantareaslikeattitudestowardchildrenandfamilies,andthoseof
Q2
171.
Oneoftheprimarydistinctionsbetweenourintelligencewiththatofotherprimatesmaylaynotsomuchinanyspecificskillbutinourabilitytoextendknowledgegainedinonecontexttonewanddifferentones.
A.betweenourintelligencewiththatofotherprimatesmaylaynotsomuchinanyspecificskillbut
B.betweenourintelligencewiththatofotherprimatesmaylienotsomuchinanyspecificskillbutinstead
C.betweenourintelligenceandthatofotherprimatesmaylienotsomuchinanyspecificskillas
D.ourintelligencehasfromthatofotherprimatesmaylienotinanyspecificskillas
E.ofourintelligencetothatofotherprimatesmaylaynotinanyspecificskillbut
Q3
73.(25075-!
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-188;#058&001412)
MostofWesternmusicsincetheRenaissancehasbeenbasedonaseven-notescaleknownasthediatonicscale,butwhendidthescaleoriginate?
AfragmentofabonefluteexcavatedataNeanderthalcampsitehasfourholes,whicharespacedinexactlytherightwayforplayingthethirdthroughsixthnotesofadiatonicscale.Theentireflutemustsurelyhavehadmoreholes,andtheflutewasmadefromabonethatwaslongenoughfortheseadditionalholestohaveallowedacompletediatonicscaletobeplayed.Therefore,theNeanderthalswhomadethefluteprobablyusedadiatonicmusicalscale.
Intheargumentgiven,thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?
A.Thefirstintroducesevidencetosupportthemainconclusionoftheargument;thesecondisthemainconclusionstatedintheargument.
B.Thefirstintroducesevidencetosupportthemainconclusionoftheargument;thesecondpresentsapositiontowhichtheargumentisopposed.
C.Thefirstdescribesadiscoveryasunderminingthepositionagainstwhichtheargumentasawholeisdirected;thesecondstatesthemainconclusionoftheargument.
D.Thefirstintroducesthephenomenonthattheargumentasawholeseekstoexplain;thesecondpresentsapositiontowhichtheargumentisopposed.
E.Thefirstintroducesthephenomenonthattheargumentasawholeseekstoexplain;thesecondgivesareasontoruleoutonepossibleexplanation.
Q4
172
IntroducedbyItalianmerchantsresidentinLondonduringthesixteenthcentury,inEnglandlifeinsuranceremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwritersandtheirclients,typicallybeingshipowners,overseasmerchants,orprofessionalmoneylenders.
A.inEnglandlifeinsuranceremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwritersandtheirclients,typicallybeing
B.inEnglandlifeinsurancehadremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwriterswiththeirclients,whotypicallywere
C.untiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturylifeinsuranceinEnglandhadremainedaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwritersandtheirclients,typically
D.lifeinsuranceinEnglandremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwritersandtheirclients,typically
E.lifeinsuranceremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyinEnglandaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwriterswiththeirclients,whotypicallywere
Essay#1.019
Duringthenineteenthcentury,occupationalinformationaboutwomenthatwasprovidedbytheUnitedStatescensus--apopulationcountconductedeachdecade--becamemoredetailedandpreciseinresponsetosocialchanges.Through1840,simpleenumerationbyhouseholdmirroredahome-basedagriculturaleconomyandhierarchicalsocialorder:
theheadofthehousehold(presumedmaleorabsent)wasspecifiedbyname,whereasotherhouseholdmemberswereonlyindicatedbythetotalnumberofpersonscountedinvariouscategories,includingoccupationalcategories.Likefarms,mostenterpriseswerefamily-run,sothatthecensusmeasuredeconomicactivityasanattributeoftheentirehousehold,ratherthanofindividuals.
The1850census,partlyrespondingtoantislaveryandwomen'srightsmovements,initiatedthecollectionofspecificinformationabouteachindividualinahousehold.Notuntil1870wasoccupationalinformationanalyzedbygender:
thecensussuperintendentreported1.8millionwomenemployedoutsidethehomein"gainfulandreputableoccupations."Inaddition,hearbitrarilyattributedtoeachfamilyonewoman"keepinghouse."Overlapbetweenthetwogroupswasnotcalculateduntil1890,whentherapidentryofwomenintothepaidlaborforceandsocialissuesarisingfromindustrializationwerecausingwomen'sadvocatesandwomenstatisticianstopressformorethoroughandaccurateaccountingofwomen'soccupationsandwages.
Q5
Question#1.019-01
Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto
(A)explainandcritiquethemethodsusedbyearlystatisticians
(B)compareandcontrastahistoricalsituationwithacurrent-dayone
(C)describeandexplainahistoricalchange
(D)discusshistoricaloppositiontoanestablishedinstitution
(E)tracetheoriginofacontemporarycontroversy
Q6
Question#2.019-02
Eachofthefollowingaspectsofnineteenth-centuryUnitedStatescensusesismentionedinthepassageEXCEPTthe
(A)yearinwhichdataonoccupationsbegantobeanalyzedbygender
(B)yearinwhichspecificinformationbegantobecollectedonindividualsinadditiontotheheadofthehousehold
(C)yearinwhichoverlapbetweenwomenemployedoutsidethehomeandwomenkeepinghousewasfirstcalculated
(D)wayinwhichthe1890censusmeasuredwomen'sincomelevelsandeducationalbackgrounds
(E)wayinwhichhouseholdmemberswerecountedinthe1840census
Q7
Question#3.019-04
Thepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutthe"women'sadvocatesandwomenstatisticians"mentionedinthehighlightedtext?
(A)Theywantedtocallattentiontothelackofpayforwomenwhoworkedinthehome.
(B)TheybelievedthatpreviouscensusinformationwasinadequateanddidnotreflectcertaineconomicchangesintheUnitedStates.
(C)Theyhadbeguntopressforchangesincensus-takingmethodsaspartoftheirparticipationintheantislaverymovement.
(D)Theythoughtthatcensusstatisticsaboutwomenwouldbemoreaccurateifmorewomenwereemployedascensusofficials.
(E)TheyhadconductedindependentstudiesthatdisputedtheofficialstatisticsprovidedbypreviousUnitedStatescensuses.
Q8
74.(29534-!
-item-!
-188;#058&004138)
Inacertainwildlifepark,parkrangersareabletotrackthemovementsofmanyrhinocerosesbecausethoseanimalswearradiocollars.When,asoftenhappens,acollarslipsoff,itisputbackon.Puttingacollaronarhinocerosinvolvesimmobilizingtheanimalbyshootingitwithatranquilizerdart.Femalerhinocerosesthathavebeenfrequentlyrecollaredhavesignificantlylowerfertilityratesthanuncollaredfemales.Probably,therefore,somesubstanceinthetranquilizerinhibitsfertility.
Inevaluatingtheargument,itwouldbemostusefultodeterminewhichofthefollowing?
A.Whethertherearemorecollaredfemalerhinocerosesthanuncollaredfemalerhinocerosesinthepark
B.Howthetranquilizerthatisusedforimmobilizingrhinocerosesdiffers,ifatall,fromtranquilizersusedinworkingwithotherlargemammals
C.Howoftenparkrangersneedtousetranquilizerdartstoimmobilizerhinocerosesforreasonsotherthanattachingradiocollars
D.Whethermalerhinocerosesinthewildlifeparklosetheircollarsanymoreoftenthanthepark’sfemalerhinocerosesdo
E.Whetherradiocollarsaretheonlypracticalmeansthatparkrangershavefortrackingthemovementsofrhinocerosesinthepark
Q9
75.(33198-!
-item-!
-188;#058&007254)
Intheyearfollowinganeight-centincreaseinthefederaltaxonapackofcigarettes,salesofcigarettesfelltenpercent.Incontrast,intheyearpriortothetaxincrease,saleshadfallenonepercent.Thevolumeofcigarettesalesisthereforestronglyrelatedtotheafter-taxpriceofapackofcigarettes.
Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmoststrengthentheargumentabove?
A.Duringthesecondyearafterthetaxincrease,cigarettesalesincreasedbyasignificantamount.
B.Theinformationavailabletoconsumersonthehealthrisksofsmokingremainedlargelyunchangedintheperiodbeforeandafterthetaxincrease.
C.Mostconsumerswereunawarethatthetaxoncigaretteswasgoingtoincrease.
D.Duringtheyearfollowingthecigarettetaxincrease,manyconsumershadlessincome,ininflation-adjusteddollars,thantheyhadhadinthepreviousyear.
E.Duringtheyearafterthetaxincrease,therewasagreatervarietyofcigarettesonthemarketthantherehadbeenduringthepreviousyear.
Essay#2.066
Thegeneraldensitydependencemodelcanbeappliedtoexplainthefoundingofspecialistfirms(thoseattemptingtoserveanarrowtar