木材英语.docx
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木材英语
木材英语
植物分类plantclassification
裸子植物gymnosperms
被子植物angiosperms
双子叶植物dicotyledons
单子叶植物monocotyledons
针叶树coniferoustree;conifer
阔叶树broad-leavedtree;deciduoustree
软材,针叶树材softwood
硬材,阔叶树材hardwood
木本植物种类kindsofwoodyplants
树木tree
灌木shrub[ʃrʌb]
木质藤本植物woodyliana;woodyclimber
维管植物vascularplant
商用木材commercialtimber
幼龄材youngtree
老龄材oldtree
木质茎woodystem
细胞cell
组织tissue
支持组织supportingtissue
储存组织storagetissue
输导组织conductingtissue
树干stem;trunk;bole
树根root
主枝limb
分枝branch
小枝branchlet
侧向支根lateralbranchroot
小根rootlet
根系rootsystem
分生组织meristematictissue
永久组织permanenttissue
生长点terminalgrowingpoint;apicalgrowingpoint
原分生组织promeristem
顶端分生组织apicalmeristem
初生分生组织primarymeristem
表皮原dermatogen
皮层原periblem
中柱原plerome
原形成层procambium
表皮epidermis
皮层cortex
中柱centralcorestele
髓pith
形成层cambium
初生韧皮部primaryphloem
初生木质部primaryxylem
初生长primarygrowth
初生组织primarytissue
高生长elongation;elongationoftreestem;heightgrowth
母细胞mothercell
子细胞daughtercell
次生木质部secondaryxylem;secondarywood
次生韧皮部secondaryphloem
周皮periderm
北半球northernhemisphere
温带树木temperate-zonetree
季节性活动seasonalactivity
形成层活动cambialactivity
生长轮growthring
年轮annualring
木质部分子xylemelement
韧皮部分子phloemelement
木质部(木材)xylem(wood)
韧皮部(内皮)phloem(innerbark)
尖削度taper
植物生长激素plantgrowthhormone;auxin
热带木材tropicalwood
国产木材domesticwood
粗视木材特征grossstructurefeatures
横切面crosssection
径切面radialsection
弦切面tangentialsection
成熟树干maturetrunk
死皮(外皮)dead(outer)bark
活皮(内皮)living(inner)bark
边材sapwood
心材heartwood
正常心材normalheartwood
受伤心材woundheartwood
假心材falseheartwood
内含边材includedsapwood
边材树种sapwoodtree
熟材树种ripewoodtree
生长轮growthincrement
早材earlywood;springwood
晚材latewood;summerwood
正常年轮ringofnormaltype;normalgrowthincrement
非正常年轮ringofabnormaltype
不连续年轮discontinuousring
假年轮falsering
木射线woodray;xylaryray
髓射线pithray
木射线肉眼下不明显raysindistincttothenakedeye
木射线肉眼下明显raysdistincttothenakedeye
宽木射线broadray
叠生木射线storiedray
薄壁组织parenchyma
射线薄壁组织rayparenchyma
轴向薄壁组织longitudinalparenchyma
上皮薄壁组织epithelialparenchyma
离管型薄壁组织apotrachealparenchyma
星散状薄壁组织diffuseparenchyma
轮界状薄壁组织terminalparenchyma
切线状薄壁组织metatrachealparenchyma
宽带状薄壁组织broad-bandsparenchyma
傍管状薄壁组织paratrachealparenchyma
环管状薄壁组织vasicentricparenchyma
翼状薄壁组织aliformparenchyma
聚翼状薄壁组织confluentparenchyma
无孔材nonporouswood
有孔材porouswood
环孔材ringporouswood
散孔材diffuseporouswood
半散孔材semi-diffuseporouswood
半环孔材semi-ringporouswood
胞间道intercellularcanal(orduct)
树脂道resincanal
正常树脂道normalresincanal
创伤树脂道traumaticcanal
髓斑pithfleck
结构texture
细结构finetexture
粗结构coarsetexture
均匀结构eventexture
不均匀结构uneventexture
纹理grain
直纹理straightgrain
螺旋纹理spiralgrain
材色color
光泽luster
气味odor
健全材soundwood
滋味taste
重量weight
最轻木thelightestwood
最重木theheaviestwood
硬度hardness
软soft
中硬mediumhard
甚硬veryhard
径切板quartersawnlumber
弦切板flatsawnlumber
木材细胞woodycell;woodelement
轴向组织longitudinal(axial)tissue
径向组织horizontal(ray)tissue
垂周分裂anticlinaldivision
平周分裂periclinaldivision
纺锤形原始细胞fusiforminitial
形成层射线原始细胞cambialrayinitial
细胞壁cellwall
多糖成分polysaccharidefraction
纤维素cellulose
半纤维素hemicellulose
木素lignin
初生壁primarycellwall
次生壁secondarycellwall
胞间层truemiddlelamella
复胞间层compoundlamella
瘤状沉积wartydeposit
瘤状结构wartstructure
木质化lignification
纤维丝microfibril
纤维丝角microfibrillarangle
结晶区crystalline(crystallite)area
非结晶区amorphousarea(region)
基本纤维elementaryfibril
纤丝fibril
细胞壁化学成分chemicalconstituentsinthecellwall
纹孔式pitting
单纹孔singlepit
具缘纹孔borderedpit
纹孔对pitpair
半具缘纹孔对half-borderedpitpair
具缘纹孔对borderedpitpair
单纹孔对simplepitpair
互补纹孔complementarypit
胞间隙intercellularspace
纹孔膜pitmembrane
纹孔腔pitcavity
纹孔室pitchamber
纹孔缘pitborder
纹孔环pitannulus
纹孔塞torus
塞缘margo
纹孔道pitcanal
纹孔外口outeraperture
纹孔内口inneraperture
内含纹孔口includeaperture
外延纹孔口extendedaperture
细胞壁加厚thickeningofthecellwall
纹孔加厚spiralthickening
附物纹孔vesturedpitting
隔膜Septa(septum的复数)
木素碳水化合物Lignin-carbohydraticcomplex
木材解剖(学)woodanatomy
管胞tracheid
轴向管胞longitudinaltracheid
径列条trabecula(trabecubae)
澳柏型加厚callitrisoidthickening
眉条crassulae
轴向索状管胞longitudinalstrandtracheid
交叉场crossfield
窗格状纹孔对window-likepitpair
松型纹孔对pinoidpitpair
云杉型纹孔对piceoidpitpair
杉木型纹孔对taxidioidpitpair
柏木型纹孔对cupressiodpitpair
射线管胞raytracheid
硬松hardpine
软松softpine
齿状突起dentate
单列射线uniseriateray
纺锤型射线fusiformray
结晶细胞crystal-bearingcell
上皮细胞epithelialcell
导管分子vesselelement(membersegment)
管孔pore
穿孔perforation
单管孔solitarypore
复管孔multiplepore
管孔链porechain
管孔团porecluster
单穿孔simpleperforation
梯状穿孔scalariformperforation
互列纹孔式alternatepitting
对列纹孔式oppositepitting
梯纹孔式scalariformpitting
侵填体tylosis(pl.tyloses)
树胶gum
阔叶树材管胞hardwoodtracheid
维管管胞vasculartracheid
环管管胞vasicentrictracheid
纤维fiber
纤维状管胞fibertracheid
韧型纤维libriformfiber
胶质木纤维gelatinousfiber
横卧射线细胞procumbentraycell
直立射线细胞uprightraycell
同形射线homogeneous(homocellular)ray
异形射线(heterogeneous)heterocellularray
聚合木射线aggregateray
油细胞oilcell
正常树胶道normalgumcanal
创伤树胶道traumaticgumcanal
主要成分primarycomponents
综纤维holocellulose
非纤维素多糖noncellulosicpolysaccharides
次要成分secondarycomponents
单宁(鞣质)tannins
胶乳latex
染料dye
着色物质coloringmaterial
灰分ash
纤维素分子链cellulosechain
吡喃葡萄糖glucopyranose
纤维二糖cellobilose
大分子macromolecule
聚合度degreeofpolymerization
戊聚糖pentosan
木聚糖xylan
4-甲基葡萄糖醛酸4-methylglucuronicacid
半乳糖galactose
阿拉伯糖arabinose
葡萄糖glucose
甘露糖mannose
半乳葡甘露聚糖galactoglucomannan
苯丙烷phenylpropane
紫丁香基丙烷单元syringylunit
愈疮木基丙烷单元guaiacylunit
对羟苯基丙烷p-hydroxyphenylpropaneunit
抽提物extractive
聚酚polyphenol
香油树脂、含油树脂oleoresin
木材松节油woodturpentin
松香rosin
密度density
比重specificgravity
孔隙率porosity
晚材率summerwoodpercentage
水银测容器apparatusfordeterminationofdensitybyimmersioninmercury
排水测容法determiningvolumebyweighingbeforeandafterimmersingthewoodsample
基本密度basicdensity
生材密度greendensity;densityofgreenwood
绝干密度oven-drydensity
绝干重oven-dryweight
绝干状态oven-driedcondition
气干密度air-drieddensity
气干材air-driedwood
气干状态air-driedcondition
木材实质密度densityofdrywoodsubstance;cellwalldensity
木材含水率moisturecontentofwood(orM.C)
炉干法oven-dryingmethod
蒸馏法distillationmethod
含水率测定仪electricalmoisturemeter
吸着水boundwater
自由水freewater
平衡含水率equilibriummoisturecontent(orE.M.C.)
吸湿adsorption
解吸desorption
吸湿滞后sorptionhysteresis
纤维饱和点fibersaturationpoint(orF.S.P.)
木材最大含水率maximummoisturecontentofwood
收缩shrinkage
膨胀swelling
最大体积收缩和膨胀maximumvolumetricshrinkageandswelling
径向收缩radialshrinkage
弦向收缩tangentialshrinkage
干缩差异ratiooftangentialshrinkagetoradialshrinkage
纵向收缩longitudinalshrinkage
干缩系数coefficientofshrinkage
热膨胀系数coefficientofthermalexpansion
木材的比热specificheatofwood
木材的热传导thermalconductivityofwood
热导率thermalconductivity
木材的导温diffusivityofwood
木材的直流电性质direct-currentpropertiesofwood
电阻electricalresistance
电传导electricalconductivity
电导率conductivity
木材的交流电性质alternating-currentpropertiesofwood
介电常数dielectricconstant
功率因素powerfactor
极性分子polarmolecule
木材的压电性质piezoelectricpropertiesofwood
电阻型木材含水率测定仪resistance-typemoisturemeter
电容及射频capacityandradio-frequency
含水率测定仪power-losstypemoisturemeter
木材的声学性质acousticalpropertiesofwood
木材中的声传播soundtransmissioninwood
木材的声速soundvelocityinwood
木材的声波阻抗soundwaveresistanceinwood
声辐射阻尼dampingofsoundradiation
内摩擦internalfriction
空间声学acousticsofspace
声能soundenergy
隔音soundtransmissionloss;separatingnoisesource
吸声absorbingsoundwithinaspace
声反射reflectionofsound
声压soundpressure
木材调湿humidityconditionedbywood
色度测定quantitativecolormeasurement
木材色度colorcharacterizationofwood
木材表面性质surfacepropertiesofwood
木材的触觉特性touchablecharacteristicsofwood
木材的视觉特性visiblecharacteristicsofwood
木材流变学rheologyofwood
流变模型rheologicalmodel
弹性elasticity
弹性模量modulusofelasticity
塑性plasticity
蠕变creep
蠕变恢复creeprecovery
疲劳fatigue
刚性模量modulusofrigidity
变形deformation
应变stain
应力stress
应力--应变曲线stress-straincurve
载荷loading
卸载unloading
弹性变形elasticdeformation
各向异性anisotropy
正交对称性rhombicsymmetry
弹性常数systemsofelasticconstant
弹性常数elasticconstant
对称轴axisofsymmetry
分应力stresscomponent
分应变straincomponent
柔度compliance
木材弹性异向性theanisotropicelasticityofwood
泊松比poisson'sratio
体积模量bulkmodulus
理想弹性变形idealelasticdeformation
粘滞流动变形viscousflowdeformation
弹性单元elasticelement
粘性单元viscouselement
流变曲线flowcurve
拉伸tension
压缩compression
弯曲bending
木材抗弯强度bendingstrengthofwood
木材静曲弹性模量themodulusofelasticityinstaticbendingofw
木材顺纹抗剪强度shearingstrengthparalleltograinofwood
木材顺纹抗拉强度tensilestrengthparalleltograinofwood
木材顺纹抗压强度compressivestrengthparalleltograinofwood
木材横纹压力compressionperpendiculartograinofwood
木材横纹抗压弹性模量modulusofelasticityincompressionperpendiculartograinofwood
木材冲击韧性toughnessofwood
木材硬度hardnessofwood
木材抗劈强度cleavagestrengthofwood
静力实验测定determinationbystatictest
动态实验测定determinationbydynamictest
无损检测nondestructivetestingdefectsofwood
原木缺陷defectsinlog
锯材缺陷sawtimberdefectsknot
节子knot
活节liveknot
死节deadknot
健全节soundknot
腐朽节decayknot;rottenknot
漏节seriouslydecayedknot
圆形节roundknot
椭圆行节ovalknot
条状节splayknot
掌状节palmateknot
隐生节enclosedknot
材边节edgeknot
材面节