高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题64.docx

高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题64.docx

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高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题64

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题（64）及答案

“BenjaminFranklin,”WalterIsaacsontellsusatthebeginningofhislong（butneverboring）newbiography,“isthefoundingfatherwhowinksatus.”Bythat,Isaacsonexplains,hemeansFranklinisthemosthuman—andmostmodern—ofthemenwhoshapedtheAmericanrepublic.WeadmireWashington,JeffersonandAdams,buttheyremaincreaturesofthe18thcentury.Themanweencounterin“BenjaminFranklin”—funny,pragmaticandselfaware—seemslikeoneofus,oratleastsomeonewe'dliketobe.

UnlikeWashington'scherrytree,Franklin'skitewasreal.Hisexperimentswithelectricitymadehimoneofthegreatscientistsofhisday.Hewasamiddleclassbusinessmanwhosesuccessasaprinterandajournalistallowedhimtoretireat42—andhedevotedtherestofhislifetohiscountry.HewasdiplomatwhopersuadedtheFrenchtobacktheAmericanRevolutionandtheauthorofthefirstgreatAmericanautobiography.Hewasanexcellentswimmer.Therewasalmostnothinghecouldn'tdowell,exceptwritepoetry.ButwhattrulydistinguishedFranklinwashistalentofbeinggreatandhumanatthesametime.Heownedslavesasayoungerman,butinhislastyearsbecameanabolitionist（废奴主义者）.Whenhefatheredanillegitimate（私生的）son,heacknowledgedhisfatherhoodandtooktheresponsibilityofraisingtheboy.

Heseemsstrangetodayinthejoyhetookincompilingandcreatingallthoseself-improvementmaximshepublishedinPoorRichard'sAlmanac（年鉴）—“earlytobed,earlytorise”andsoon.Generationsoflazyboyscouldhavebeenhappierwithoutthat.Buthewasnohypocrite（伪君子）.IsaacsontellsusFranklinpracticedwhathepreached,andoftenlaughedathimselfwhilehedidso.

Byahappyaccident,thisisthesecondexcellentbiographyofFranklintoappearintwoyears,afterEdmundS.Morgan'sinspiring“BenjaminFranklin.”

6.Whattypeofliteraturedoesthispassagebelongto?

A.Researchpaper.　　　　　B.Bookreview.

C.Biography.D.Shortstory.

7.Theunderlinedword“maxims”inParagraph3probablymeans________.

A.proverbsB.standards

C.requestsD.orders

8.WiththefactthatFranklinshoulderedtheresponsibilitiesofraisinghisillegitimateson,theauthorwantstoprovethat________.

A.Franklinhadmadeabigfortuneinhisbusinessbeforehegotdevotedtopolities

B.Franklinmightbetheonlyparenttosupportthechildatthattime

C.Franklinwasagreatmanwhoseemshumantous

D.Franklinwasimprovinghischaracterwhenhegotoninages

9.Theunderlinedword“himself”inParagraph3refersto________.

A.Richard'sAlmanacB.Walterisaacson

C.anyoneofthereaders.D.BenjaminFranklin

10.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwemostprobablyfindthisarticle?

A.SocietyandtheArts.B.CurrentAffairs.

C.BusinessReport.D.Advertisement.

参考答案BACDA

Imagineputtingaseedinafreezer,waiting30,000years,andthentakingtheseedoutandplantingit.Doyouthinkaflowerwouldgrow?

   Amazingly,scientistshavejustmanagedtodosomethingverysimilar.TheyfoundthefruitofanancientplantthathadbeenfrozenundergroundinSiberia—aregioncoveringcentralandeasternRussia—forabout31,800years.Usingpiecesofthefruit,thescientistsgrewplantsinalab.Thenewbloomshavedelicatewhitepetals.Theyarealsotheoldestfloweringplantsthatresearchershaveeverrevivedfromadeepfreeze.

   “Thisislikeregeneratingadinosaurfromtissuesofanancientegg,”saidUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesbiologistJaneShen-Miller.

   Theplanthasalonghistory.Backwhenmammothsandwoollyrhinoceroseswalkedtheland,anArcticgroundsquirrelburiedseedsandfruitsinanundergroundchamberneartheKolymaRiverinnortheasternSiberia.Thegroundbecamepermafrost,alayerofsoilthatstaysfrozenforalongtime.

   Recently,Russianscientistsdugouttheoldsquirrelholeandfoundtheplantremains38metersbelowthesurface.Backatthelab,theteamfednutrientstotissuefromthreeofthefruitstogrowshoots.Thenthescientiststransferredtheshootstopotsfilledwithsoil.Theplantsproducedseedsthatcouldbeusedtogrowevenmoreofthem.

   It’simportantforscientiststoknowthatplanttissuescanstillberevivedafterbeingfrozenforalongtime.That’sbecausemanyresearchersaretryingtopreservetheseedsofmodernplantsbyfreezingthemandthenstoringthemingiantlockersatvariousspotsaroundtheglobe.Onesuchendeavor,anundergroundfacilityinNorway,iscalledtheSvalbardGlobalSeedVault.Itstoreshundredsofthousandsoffrozenseeds.Ifaplantevergoesextinct,scientistscouldbringitbackbytakingitsseedsfromtheSvalbardorotherstoragelockers.

   “Nooneknowshowlongtheyareabletolivefor,butfreezingisbasicallytheformatformanyplantconservationattemptsnowadays.”Shen-Millersaid.It’sagoodthingthatatleastsomeplantsaretoughenoughtosurvivetheexperience.

64.Howdidthefruitoriginallygetunderground?

  A.Itwasplacedtherebyananimal.  B.Itwastrappedthereduringtheice-age.

  C.Itwasplantedtherebyancientfarmers.D.Itwasburiedthereaftertheearthquake.

65.Whyarescientistsinterestedinthisdiscovery?

  A.Ithelpsthemlearnhowplantlifehaschangedinthepast30,000years.

  B.Itcanhelpguidefutureeffortstoprotectendangeredplant-life.

  C.Itcanprovidedirectionsforwheretolookforotherancientplants.

  D.Itprovesthatallplantlifecansurviveforthousandsofyearswhenfrozen.

66.Theunderlinedword“they”inthefinalparagraphrefersto_______.

  A.plants   B.seeds  C.scientists  D.storagelockers

67.Thepurposeofthepassageisto_______.

  A.discussaplantconservationeffort  B.introducesomeancientplants

  C.outlinesomecausesofglobalwarmingD.describeascientificresearchproject

66.【答案】B

【解析】根据前一段的最后一句“Ifaplantevergoesextinct,scientistscouldbringitbackbytakingitsseedsfromtheSvalbardorotherstoragelockers”可知，此处的they指的应该是seeds。

【考点定位】考查推理判断题。

67.【答案】D

【解析】本文主要讲了科学家受到一颗冷冻的种子的启发，尝试用此方法来保存种子，因此这是一个研究项目。

故D项正确。

【考点定位】考查综合归纳题。

Manyprivateinstitutionsofhighereducationaroundthecountryareindanger.Notallwillbesaved,andperhapsnotalldeservetobesaved.Therearelow-qualityschoolsjustastherearelow-qualitybusinesses.Wehavenodutytosavethemsimplybecausetheyexist.

Butmanypromisinginstitutionsthatdeservetocontinuearethreatened.Theyaredoingafinejobeducationally,buttheyarecaughtinafinancialsqueeze,withnowaytoreducerisingcostorincreaseincomesignificantly.Raisingtuitiondoesn’tbringinmoreincome,foreachtimetuitiongoesup,theenrollmentgoesdown,ortheamountthatmustbegivenawayinstudentaidgoesup.Schoolsarebadbusinesses,whetherpublicorprivate,notusuallybecauseofmismanagementbutbecauseofthenatureoftheenterprise.Theylosemoneyoneverycustomer,andtheycangobankrupteitherfromtoofewstudentsortoomanystudents.Evenaverygoodcollegeisaverybadbusiness.

Itissuchcolleges,promisingbutthreatened,thatIworryabout.Lowenrollmentisnottheirchiefproblem.Evenwithfullenrollment,theymaygounder.Effortstosavethem,andpreferablytokeepthemprivate,areanationalnecessity.Thereisnobasisforarguingthatprivateschoolsareinherently（固有地）betterthanpublicschools.Therearemanyexamplestothecontrary.Anyonecannamestateuniversitiesandcollegesthatrankasthefinestinthenationandtheworld.Itisnowinevitablethatpublicinstitutionswillbedominant,andthereforediversityisanationalnecessity.Diversityinthewaywesupportschoolstendstogiveusahealthydiversityintheformsofeducation.Inanimperfectsocietysuchasours,uniformityofeducationthroughoutthenationcouldbedangerous,Inanimperfectsociety,diversityisapositivegood.Supportersofpublichighereducationknowtheimportanceofsustainingprivatehighereducation.

11.Accordingtotheauthor’sopinionschoolsarebadbusinessesbecauseof________.

A.mismanagementB.toofewstudents

C.toomanystudentsD.thenatureofschools

12.Theauthorusedthephrase“gounder”（Sentence3,Para.3）tomean________.

A.getintodifficultiesB.havelowenrollment

C.havelowtuitionD.bringinmoremoney

13Wecanreasonablyconcludefromthispassagethattheauthormadeanappealtothepublicinordertosupport_______

A.publicinstitutionsB.privateschools

C.uniformityofeducationD.highqualityofeducation

14.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.High-qualityprivateschoolsdeservetobesaved.

B.Ifthetuitionisraised,theenrollmentgoesdown.

C.Therearemanycasestoshowthatpublicschoolsarebetterthatprivateschools.

D.Privateschoolshavemoremoneythanpublicschools.

15.Whichofthefollowingwayscouldpossiblysaveprivateschools?

A.Raisingtuition.B.Fullenrollment.

C.Nationalawarenessandsupport.D.Reductionofrisingcost.

参考答案DABDC

Theymaybejustpassingyouroffice,computerbagslung（悬挂）overoneshoulder.Ortheymaybesittinginacaroutsideit,causallytappingawayatalaptop.Theylooklikeinnocentpassers-by.Infact,theyarestealingyourcorporatesecrets.

Drive-byhackingisthetrendytermgiventothepracticeofbreakingintowirelesscomputernetworksfromoutsidethebuildingsthathousethem.ArecentstudyintheUK,sponsoredbyRSADataSecurity,foundthattwo-thirdsoforganizationswithwirelessnetworkswereriskingtheirdatainthisway.Securityexpertspatrolled（巡逻）