209年考研英语二考前模拟题.docx

209年考研英语二考前模拟题.docx

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209年考研英语二考前模拟题

2019年考研英语二考前模拟题

SectionⅠUseofEnglish

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]ontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

Childrenneedexercise.Parentsoftenworrythat1timeforathleticsorevenforjustplayingontheJungleJimisgoingtotakeawayfromtheirkids’_2_achievement.Butactually,the_3_istrue.Therehavebeenanalysesofhugenumbersofstudiesthatallshowthatkidswhoare_4_arebetterinschool,getbettergrades,andhavehigher_5_scoresthankidswholackofexercise.Andthatisprobablybecause_6_thelifespan,evenintooldage,there’sastrongcorrelationbetweenahealthyheartandahealthybrain.

Thebrainisthemost_7_organthatyourcirculatorysystemhasto_8_.Ittakesupalotofthebody’soxygenandalotofthebody’s_9_.Andunlikemostofyour_10_,yourbraincan’tliveverylong_11_thatbloodsupply.Youcutbloodsupplyoffforaboutfiveminutesandpartsofthebrainstartdying.Soblockedarteriesandlittleclotsthatcutoffbloodflowtothebraininorderpeoplearea_12_sourceofcognitivedifficultyandcognitivedeteriorationwithage.Andeveninlittlekids,beingphysicallyfitclearly_13_intellectualperformance.

Theotherthingparentsshouldbethinkingaboutisthatinchildhoodyourkidneedsabout90minutesadayofactive_14_,andparentsshouldreally_15_,Ithink,onmakingsurethatthat’sfun,firstofall.Youdon’twantto_16_exerciseaspunishment.Andyoualso,Ithink,wanttohavethemdoingsomethingthatcouldpotentiallycontinueintoadulthood._17_muchyourkidslikeclimbingtrees,they’renotgoingtobedoingthatwhenthey’re40,notmostofusanyway.

And_18_yougivethemasportoratasteforhikingoratasteforyoga,somethingthatgrownupsdo,you_19_reducethechancethatthey’regoingtobeoneofthelargenumbersofpeoplewhoareactivechildrenwhogrowintoinactiveadults.Usuallythat_20_happensaroundtheageof13orso.

B.spendingC.makingD.killing

B.academicC.socialD.educational

B.worryC.expectationD.opposite

B.goodC.positiveD.inactive

B.sportsC.isdomD.intelligence

B.acrossC.beforeD.by

B.necessaryC.simpleD.demanding

B.keepC.feedD.foster

B.energyC.foodD.power

10.A.cellsB.texturesC.partsD.tissues

11.A.withoutBincludingC.withD.except

12.A.splendidB.richC.largeD.significant

13.A.reducesB.intensifiesC.enhancesD.aggravates.

14.A.movingB.movingaroundC.movingupD.movingon

15.A.dependB.countC.baseD.focus

16.A.instituteB.interpretC.proveD.describe

17.A.WheneverB.SoC.HowD.However

18.A.meanwhileB.althoughC.ifD.since

19.A.greatlyB.barelyC.nearlyD.hardly

20.A.improvementB.growthC.transitionD.transfer

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

Shouldaleaderstrivetobelovedorfeared?

Thisquestion,famouslyposedbyMachiavelli,liesattheheartofJosephNye’snewbook.Mr.Nye,aformerdeanoftheKennedySchoolofGovemmentatHarvardandone-timechairmanofAmerica’sNationalIntelligenceCouncil,isbestknownforpromotingtheideaof"softpower",basedonpersuasionandinfluence,asacounterpointto"hardpower",basedoncoercionandforce.

Havinganalyzedtheuseofsoftandhardpowerinpoliticsanddiplomacyinhispreviousbooks,Mr.Nyehasnowturnedhisattentiontotherelationshipbetweenpowerandleadership,inboththepoliticalandbusinessspheres.Machiavelli,henotes,concludedthat"oneoughttobebothfearedandloved,butasitisdifficultforthetwotogotogether,itismuchsafertobefearedthanloved."Inshort,hardpowerispreferabletosoftpower.Butmodemleadershiptheoristshavecometotheoppositeconclusion.

Thecontextofleadershipischanging,theobserve,andthehistoricalemphasisonhardpowerisbecomingoutdated.Inmodemcompaniesanddemocracies,powerisincreasinglydiffusedandtraditionalhierarchiesarebeingundermined,makingsoftpowerevermoreimportant.Butthatdoesnotmeancoercionshouldnowtakeabackseattopersuasion.Mr.Nyeargues.Instead,headvocatesasynthesisofthesetwoviews.TheconclusionofThePowerstoLead,hissurveyofthetheoryofleadership,isthatacombinationofhardandsoftpower,whichhecalls”smartpower”,isthebestapproach.

Thedominanttheoreticalmodelofleadershipatthemomentis,apparently,the“transformationalleadershippattern”.Anoneallergictomanagementtermwillalreadyberunningfortheexit,butMrNyehasperformedavaluableserviceinroundingupandsummarizingthevariousacademicstudiesandtheoriesofleadcrishipintoasingle,slimvolume.Heexaminesdifferentapproachestoleadership,themoralityofleadershipandhowthewidercontextcandeterminetheeffcctivenessofaparticularleader.Thereareplcntyofanccdotesandexamples,bothhistoricalandcontemporary,politicalandcorporate.

Also,leadershipisaslipperysubject,andashedepictsvarioustheories,evenMr.Nyeneverquitenailsthejellytothewall.Heisathismostinterestingwhendiscussingthemoralaspectsofleadershipinparticular,thequestionofwhetheritissometimesnecessaryforgoodleaderstolie-andheprovidesahelpful12-pointsummaryofhisconclusions.Arecumingthemeisthatascircumstanceschange,differentsortsofleadcrsarerequired;aleaderwhothrivesinoneenvironmentmaystruggleinanother,andviceversa.Ultimatelythatisjustafancywayofsayingthatleadcrshipoffersnocasyanswers.

21.FromthefirsttwoparagraphswemaylearnthanMr.Machiavelli’sideaofhardpoweris______.

A.wellacceptedbyJosephNyeB.veryinfluentialtillnowadays

C.basedonsoundtheoriesD.contrarytothatofmodemleadershiptheorists

22.WhichofthefollowingmakessoftpowermoreimportanttodayaccordingtoMr.Nye?

A.Coercioniswidespread.B.Moralityisdevalued.

C.Powerisnolongerconcentrated.D.Traditionalhierarchiesarestrengthened

23.InhisbookthePowerstolead,Mr.NyehasexminedallthefollowingaspectsofleadershipEXCEPT_____.

A.authorityB.contextC.approachesD.morality

24.Mr.Nye’sbookisparticularlyvaluableinthatit_____.

A.makeslittleuseofmanagementtermsB.summarizesvariousstudiesconcisely

C.servesasanexitforleadershipresearchersD.setsamodelforcontemporarycorporateleaders

25.Accordingtotheauthor,themostinterestingpartofMr.Nye’sbookliesinhis_____.

A.viewofchangeableleadershipB.definitionofgoodleadership

C.summaryofleadershiphistoryD.discussionofmoralleadership

Text2

Accordingtoarecentsurveyonmoneyandrelationships,36percentofpeoplearekeepingabankaccountfromtheirpartner.Whilethisfinancialunfaithfulnessmayappearasdistrustinarelationship,intruthitmayjustbeaformoffinancialprotection.

Withalmosthalfofallmarriagesendingindivorce,menandwomenarerealizingtheyneedtobefinanciallysavvy,regardlessofwhethertheyareinarelationship.

Thefinancialhardshiponindividualsafteradivorcecanbeextremelydifficult,evenmoresowhenchildrenareinvolved.Thelackofpermanencyinrelationships,jobsandfamilylifemaybethecauseofagrowingtrendtokeepasecretbankaccounthiddenfromapartner;inotherwords,an”escapefund”.

Margaret’sstoryisfarfromunique.Sheisarepresentativeofagrowingnumberofwomeninlong-termrelationshipswhoarebecomingprotectiveoftheirownearnings.

Everymonthonpayday,shebankshundredsofdollarsintoasavingsaccountshekeepsfromherhusband.Shehasbeendoingthisthroughouttheirsix-yearmarriageandhasbuiltanesteggworthanincredible$100,000ontopofherpension.

Margaretsaysifherhusbandfoundoutabouthersecretsavingshe’dhurtandwouldinterpretthisasasignshewasn’tsureofthemarriage.”He’dthinkitwasmyescapefunsothatfinanciallyIcouldaffordtogetoutoftherelationshipifitwentwrong.IknowyoushouldapproachmarriageasbeingforeverandIhopeoursis,butyoucanneverbesure.”

Likemanyofherfellowsecretsavers,Margaretwasstunginaformerrelationshipandhassincebeenveryguardedaboutherownmoney.

Comingcleantoyourpartneraboutbeingasecretsavermaynotbeallthatbad.TakeColleenforexample,whohadbeensavingsecretlyforafewyearsbeforesheconfessedtoherpartner.”Idecidedtoopenasavingsaccountandstartbuildinganesteggofmyown.IwantedtoprovetomyselfthatIcouldputmoneyinthebankandleaveitthereforarainyday.”

“WhenJohnfoundoutaboutmysecretsavings,hewasalittlesuspiciousofmymotives.IreassuredhimthatthiswascertainlynotanescapefundthatIfeelverysecureinoutrelationship.Ihavetoadmitthatitdoesfeelgoodtohavemyownmoneyonreserveifevertherearerainydaysinthefuture.It’ssensibletobuildandprotectyourpersonalfinancialsecurity.”

26.Thetrendtokeepasecretbankaccountisgrowingbecause______

A.escapefundhelpsonethroughrainydays

B.daysaregettingharderandharder

C.womenaremoneysensitive

D.financialconflictsoftenoccur

27.Theword“savvy”（Line2,Para2）probablymeans_______

A.suspiciousB.secure

C.shrewdD.simple

28.WhichinferencecanwemakeaboutMargaret?

A.Sheisauniquewoman.B.Shewasoncedivorced.

C.Sheisgoingtoretire.D.Shehasmanychildren.

29.TheauthormentionsColleen’sexampletoshow_____

A.anycouplecanavoidmarriageconflicts

B.privacywithinmarriageshouldberespected

C.everyonecansaveafortunewithahappymarriage

D.financ