CET4ModelTest3.docx

CET4ModelTest3.docx

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CET4ModelTest3

ModelTest3

PartⅠWriting（30minutes）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOnChineseWorkers-PaidHolidays.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

　　1.有人认为"带薪休假"有很多好处......

　　2.有人认为"带薪休假"落到实处很难

　　3.你的观点及建议

PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

　　Forquestions1－7,mark

　　Y（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswithinformationgiveninthepassage;

　　N（forNO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

　　NG（forNOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

　　Forquestions8－10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

ObesityinChildren

　　Obesityinchildrenandadolescentsisrisingatanalarmingrate.Currentlyover15%ofyoungpeopleover6yearsoldareobese,andobesityisalsoincreasingamongchildrenaged5andyounger.

　　ChildrenareconsideredtobeoverweightiftheBMI（BodyMassIndex）isover85%oftheweightgroupintheirageandsexcategories.Ifitis95%andover,theyareconsideredtobeobese.Adolescentsaregenerallyjudgedaccordingtoadultcriteriaforobesity,althoughthereareotherconsiderationsinthispopulation.Ethnicvariations,timingofgrowthspurts,andhighernormalfatlevelsaroundpubertycancausedisparitiesinthesemeasurements.

CausesandRiskFactorsforObesityinChildren

　　LifestyleFactors.Withouteducationalorparentalguidance,childrenareextremelyvulnerabletotheintenseculturalpressuresthatarelargelyresponsiblefortheobesityepidemic.Neitherthemedianortheeducationalsystemhasstrongwell-financedprogramsthatencouragehealthy-alternatives,includingexerciseandhealthyfoods.Thefollowingaresomespecificproblemscreatedbytheculture:

　　*Excessivetelevisionwatchingplaysacriticalroleinobesityinchildren.Notonlyisitasedentaryactivity,buttelevisionalsooffersinnumerabletemptationswithitsadvertisementsforfastfoods,sugarcereals,andunhealthysnacks.Inonestudyobesityrateswerelowestinchildrenwhowatchedtelevisiononehourorlessadayandhighestinthosewhowatchedfourormorehours.

　　*Sugar,particularlyfromsoda,othersweetenedbeverages,andfruitjuice,maybemajorcontributorstochildhoodobesity.Onestudyreportedthatdrinkingsodaregularlyincreasesachild'sriskforobesityby60%.

　　*Lessphysicalexerciseandgreatersedentaryactivitiesplayanothersignificantroleinobesityinchildren.Ahighlevelofphysical,activity-notjustusingupenergy-isimportantforweightcontrolinyoungpeople.

　　FamilyHistory.Parentalobesitymorethandoublestheriskthatayoungchild,whetherthinoroverweight,willbecomeobeseasanadult.Inolderchildrenandteenagers,obesityinparentsstartstocountlessasapredictorforbodyweightthantheirownweight.Theriskmaybeduetoenvironmentalorgeneticfactors,orboth.

　　EthnicandSocioeconomicFactors.Asinadultpopulations,childrenfromlowersocioeconomicgroupsandminoritypopulationsareathigherriskforobesity.Forexample,amongyoungMexicanAmericansandAfricanAmericans,therehasbeenanincreaseinoverweightprevalenceofabout13%toover23%.

　　FactorsSurroundingBirth.Thefollowingfactorssurroundingbirthareassociatedwithachild'sweight:

　　*Lowbirthweightisariskfactorforlaterobesityanddiabetes.Onetheoryisthathumanshavea"thriftygene"thatproducesmetabolicchangesininfantswithlowbirthweight.Suchchangesaffectinsulinandfataccumulationinordertoproducea"catch-up"weightintheseyoungchildrenasquicklyaspossible.Thisrapidweightgainininfancyincreasesthegainriskforobesityinchildrenandalsoinyoungadulthood.

　　*InastudyofAfricanAmericanchildren,havinganoverweightpregnantmotherincreasedtheriskforlaterweightgain,butlowbirthweightdidnot.

　　Althoughsomesmallstudieshavereportedprotectionagainstobesityfrombreastfeeding,evidenceisweak.Ina2003study,forexample,childrenwhowerebreastfedforthreetofivemonthshadalowerriskforobesity,butprolongedbreastfeedinghadnoeffect.Nevertheless,giventhehealthfuleffectsofbreastfeedingandthepossibilitythatitmayhaveevenaslightimpactonchildhoodobesity,itishighlyrecommended.

HealthConsequencesofChildhoodObesity

　　Childrenandadolescentswhoareobesehavepoorerhealththanotherchildren.Studiesarereportingunhealthycholesterollevelsandhighbloodpressureinobesechildrenandadolescents.Ofgreatconcernisthedramaticincreaseintype2diabetesinyoungpeople,whichismostcertainlylargelyduetotheincreaseinobesity.Obesityinchildrenisalsolinkedtoasthma,gallbladderproblems,sleepapnea,andliverabnormalities.Childhoodobesitymaybepartlyresponsibleforthedecliningageforonsetofpubertyingirls,withsubsequentrisksforbreastcancer.

　　Itisnotclearyethowmanyofthesechildhoodproblemspersistinpeoplewhoachievenormalweightasadults.Stayingoverweightintoadulthoodcertainlyconfershealthrisks.

ManagingOverweightandObeseChildren

　　Childhoodobesityisbesttreatedbyanon-drug,multidisciplinaryapproachincludingdiet,behaviormodification,andexercise.Someevidencesuggeststhatreducingcaloriesbyonly200to260perdaywouldpreventweightgaininmostoverweightchildren.Heresometipsforchildrenwhoareoverweight:

　　*Limitoravoidifpossibletake-out,fastfoods,high-sugarsnacks,commercialpackagedsnacks,sodaandsugarsweetenedbeverages（includingtoomuchjuice）.

　　*Letchildrensnackbutmakesurethesnacksarehealthy.Eatingsmallfrequenthealthymeals（insteadoftwoorthreelargeones）hasbeenassociatedwithbeingthinnerandhavingabettercholesterolprofile.

　　*Letchildrenchoosetheirownfoodportions.Onestudyindicatedthatchildrennaturallyate25%lessthantheychosetheirownportionsize.Whentheyweregivenlargerportionstheirbitesizeswerelargerandtheyatemore.

　　*Don'tcriticizeachildforbeingoverweight.Itdoesnothelpandsuchattitudescouldputchildrenatriskforeatingdisorders,whichareequalorevengreaterdangerstohealth.

　　*Limittelevision,videogames,andcomputerusetoafewhoursaweek.Thiscancontributesignificantlytoweightcontrol,regardlessofdietandphysicalactivity.

　　*Foryoungchildren,trythetraffic-lightdiet.Foodisdesignatedwithstoplightcolorsdependingontheirhighcaloriccontent:

Greenforgo（lowcalories）;yellowfor"eatwithcaution"（mediumcalories）;redfor"stop"（highcalories）.

　　*Tryalow-glycemicindexdiet.Thismaybeasbeneficialandpossiblymorethanastandardreduced-fatdietinobesechildren.Suchadietfocusesoncarbohydrates,suchasdriedbeansandsoy,thatraisebloodsugarmoreslowlythanothers.Thisdietissometimesusedindiabetesandasadietaryapproachinoverweightadults.

1.OverweightchildrenarethosewhoseBMIisover85%oftheweightgroupintheirageandsexcategories.

2.Theeducationalsystemispositiveinpromotingexerciseandhealthyfoods,accordingtothepassage.

3.Itisobservedthatchildrenwatchingtelevisiononehourorlessadaytendtobelesslikelytosufferfromobesity.

4.Theintakeofsugaramongchildrenisanimportantcontributortochildhoodobesity.

5.Inmostcases,obesechildrentendtohaveparentssufferingobesity,asenvironmentalorgeneticfactorsarethemajorreasonsforchildhoodobesity.

6.Infantswithlowbirthweightmayfaceariskforobesityastheygrowupintochildhoodandyoungadulthood.

7.Forobesechildren,achievingahealthyweightbecomesmoredifficultastheygetolder,asthepersistenceisbiological.

8.Obesechildrenandadolescentshavepoorerhealth,astheyarereportedtohaveunhealthy_______.

9.Itissuggestedthatreducingcalorieswouldpreventweightgaininmostoverweightchildren.

10.Theauthorbelievesthatitdoesnothelptocriticizechildrenforbeingoverweight,asthismayincreasetheriskfor.

PartⅢListeningComprehension（35minutes）　　

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

11.A）Onlytruefriendshipcanlastlong.

B）Letterwritingisgoingoutofstyle.

C）Shekeepsinregulartouchwithherclassmates.

D）Shehaslostcontactwithmostofheroldfriends.

12.A）Apainter.C）Aporter.B）Amechanic.D）Acarpenter.

13.A）Lookforaplacenearheroffice.C）Makeinquirieselsewhere.

B）Findanewjobdownthestreet.D）Rentthe$600apartment.

14.A）Hepreferstowearjeanswithalargerwaist.

B）Hehasbeenextremelybusyrecently.

C）Hehasgainedsomeweightlately.

D）HeenjoyedgoingshoppingwithJaneyesterday.

15.A）Thewomanpossessesanaturalforart.

B）Womenhaveabetterartistictastethanmen.

C）Heisn’tgoodatabstractthinking.

D）Hedoesn’tlikeabstractpaintings.

16.A）Shecouldn’thavelefthernotebookinthelibrary.

B）shemayhaveputhernotebookamidthejournals.

C）sheshouldhavemadecarefulnoteswhiledoingreading.

D）sheshouldn’thavereadhisnoteswithouthisknowingit.

17.A）shewa