16 学位英语阅读理解分析.docx

16 学位英语阅读理解分析.docx

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16学位英语阅读理解分析

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2007年阅读理解真题

Inyourcaryoumayhaveacellphone,atelephonealsoknownasamobilephonethatyoucancarryaroundanduseanywhere.Onyourway,youmayfeelcoordinatedandenjoyyourhands-freephonetalkingwhiledriving.Butrecentstudiessuggestthatitisn'tthedialingorthearmwavingthatmakesdrivingwhiletalkingonacellphonedangerous.Itistheyakkingitself---ormoreprecisely,thecontinuousconversationwithsomeonewhoisn'tpresent---thatmakes.DavidStrayer,aUtahpsychologistsays,"Yourdrivingperformancewhiletalkingonacellphoneisweakenedatlevelscomparableto,orworsethan,drivingwithabloodalcohollevelof0.08,"whichisthelegallimitinmoststatesofAmerica.

Usingadriving-trainingsimulator,Strayerandhiscolleaguescomparedtheattentionlevelsandresponsetimeof110driversinvarioussituations.Indensetraffic,cellphoneuserswereabout20percentslowertorespondtosuddenhazardsthanotherdrivers,andtheywereabouttwiceaslikelytodriveintothebackofabrakingcarinfrontofthem."Cellphonedriversareobtaininglessthan50percentofthevisualinformationthatnon-celldriversaregetting,"saysStrayer."Lookingandseeingarenotoneandthesame."Bycontrast,theresearchersfoundthatlisteningtotheradioorconversingwithpassengersisnotashazardous."Whenadangeroussituationarises,thedriverandpassengersputtheirconversationonpause,"Strayersays.

Whethertalkingwithapassengerorsomeoneonacellphone,however,peoplearelessabletorecallthedetailsofaconversationcarriedonwhiledriving."Soitmightnotbegoodforyoureconomichealthtodiscussinvestmentstrategieswithyouragentwhileeitherofyouisdriving.'Strayeraddslastly.

16.Accordingtotherecentstudies,whichofthefollowingmakesdrivingdangerous?

[A]Acellphonedialingbythedriver.

[BIThedriver'sendlessarmwaving.

[C]Thedriver'scontinuouscellphonetalking.

[D]Theabsenceofanotherphonespeaker.

17.WhichofthefollowingdoesStrayerwanttostressmost?

IA]ThedrivingperformancemaybeweakenedbyaCellphonetalking.

[BIThedrivingperformancemaybeaffectedbyahighbloodalcohollevel.

[C]Driversarenottodriveoverthecellphoneorafterdrinking.

[D]Acellphonetalkingisnolesshazardousthanalcoholindriving.

18.TheexperimentshowsallthefollowingEXCEPTthat

[A]thecellphonedriversgetlessthanhalfofthevisualinformation

[BIthecellphonedriversaretwiceaslikelytohitthefrontcars

[C]thecellphonedrivers'responsetosuddendangersisslower

[D]the110driverswerereluctanttotakepartintheexperiments

19.Strayerdiscouragesdriversfromtalkingaboutbusinessoncellphoneswhiledrivingbecause

[Altheytendtoforgetthedetailsofaconversation

[B]boththedriverandhisagenthappentobedriving

IC]itmightnotbegoodforthedriver'smemory

[Dtheotherpassengerswouldoverheartheconversation

20.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthor'sattitudetowardcellphoneyakkingis

IAIapprovinglB]disapprovingIC]encouragingID]indifferent

It'snogreatsurprisethatBillGateshasdecidedtowalkawayfromhisday-to-dayin-volvementwithMicrosoft,andusehisfullattentiontooverseehowtheBillGatesFoundationspendsits$16billiononphilanthropy,orcharity.ButGatesisnotthefirstonetofollowthepath.Eversincetheindustrialrevolution,wealthyself-madebusinessmenandbusinesswomenhavefeltacallingtocreatealegacythatgoesbeyondaprofitandlosssheet.Thesaying"Hewhodiesrich,diesdisgraced.'runsdeeplythroughthebusinesscommunity.

Butoutofallthegreatphilanthropists,Mr.Gate'scareerpathappearstobeclosesttotheoilmillionaireJohnRockefeller.Bothwereself-mademenandbothbecametherichestmenontheplanet.Rockefellerwasinhislatefiftieswhenheturnedhisattentionfulltimetophilanthropy--creatingvastcharitablefoundationstopromotehealthandeducation.NowGatessayshewilldothesameinhisearlyfifties."Withgreatwealthcomesgreatresponsibility.'Headds.

LikeGates,manyphilanthropistsdonotwanttopassontoomuchwealthtotheirchildren.Theywantthemtobecomfortable,withanicehouseandsomemoneyintrustfortheirgrandchildren.Buttheydon'twanttoleavethemmillionsbecausetheyknowhowimportantitisforthemtomaketheirownway.InBritain,forinstance,thenewspaperrichilstsareincreasinglydominatedbyself-mademillionaires,ratherthaninheritedwealth.Newmoneyislesslikelytobetiedupinassets,makingitripeforphilanthropy.

Theappearanceofthewelfarestatealsohadagreatimpactonattitudestophilanthropy.Thestatewassayingitwouldtakeovermuchoftheroleofwhatwasonceregardedastheresponsibilityofprivatephilanthropists.

21.BillGateshasdoneallthefollowingEXCEPT

[AlabandoninghiscareerwithMicrosoft'sdailybusiness

[B]devotingtherestofhislifetophilanthropiccauses

[C]leavinghischildrenenoughmoneyforacomfortablelife

ID]defyingJohnRockefellerincreatingcharitablefoundations

22.Thesaying"Hewhodiesrich,diesdisgraced."properlymeansthat

IA]thewealthypeopleshouldgiveawaytheirfortunesafterdeath

lB]thewealthypeopleshouldfeelashamedfor-theirassets

[C]thewealthypeopleshouldabandontheircareersforcharities

[Ditisshamefulforthewealthypeopletokeeptheirwealthtilldeath

23.GatesandRockefelleraresimilarinthat

[AlBothoftheminheritedtheirwealth

lB]theircareerpathsareexactlythesame

[C]bothdecidedtodevotetocharityintheirfifties

[D]bothmadetheirfortunesinthesameway

24.Manywealthypeopledon'twanttoleavetoomuchbehindmainlybecause

IA]itisnoteasyforthemtomaketheirfortunes

[B]theywanttheirchildrentomaketheirownway

[C]theyjustwishtheirchildrentohaveacomfortablelife

[D]theyhopetogainreputationbydonatingtheirwealth

25.Thechiefreasonwhyphilanthropyhascomeintoagoodstageisthat

[A]thenewmoneyislesslikelytoberegardedasone'sprivatewealth

[B]Gateswilldevotehisfullattentiontophilanthropy

[C]thewelfarestatewouldtakeoverallthecharityresponsibilities

[D]manynewmillionairesareself-maderatherthaninherited

In1991,whenannouncedtobeHIVpositive,"Magic"Johnsonbecamethefaceofadiseasethatthepublicstillhadalottolearnabout.ThebasketballstarestablishedtheMagicJohnsonFoundationthatyearandtookaleadingroleonthepublicrelationsandfund-raisingfrontsinthefightagainstHIVandAIDS.Fifteenyearslater,thereisstillmoreworktodo.

"Alotoftimes,whathappensisthattheposter'snotenough,"Johnsonsays,motioningtohislikenessontheblackboardbehindhim."SoIhavetogetoutandtellthemmyself,likeI'mdoingheretoday."JohnsonisnowtalkingtoanassemblyatBoysandGirlsHighSchoolinhisneighborhoodofBrooklyn,N.Y.Thecrowdisafewhundredstudentsinamostlyblack,working-classneighborhood.ThuseventisthefourthofalO-cityspeakingtourthatisorganizedforminoritycommunities.

AccordingtodrugmakerAbbot,halfofthemorethanImillionAmericanslivingwithHIVareblack.African-Americanmenarebeingdiagnosedwiththediseaseatarate10timesashighasthatofwhitemen.Forwomen,thesituationisevenworse.TherateofdiagnosisforAfrican-Americanwomenis23timesashighasthatfortheirwhitecounterparts.

"Rightnow,wedon'thaveasolutiononhowtocombatit,sowe'retryingtodosomedifferentthingsthanwhathashappenedbefore."Johnsonsays.

GettingthewordoutiswhatdrawsJohnsontoblackneighborhoodhighschoolssuchasthisone,andthemessagehebringswithhimisapracticalone."Thesafestsexisnosex,"hesays."But,inreality,weknowonlyacertainnumberofpeoplearegoingtohearthat.Thenhitthemwith'Hey,ifyou'regoingtodoit,you'vegottoprotectyourselfandyourpartner.'"

Hopefully,bytalkingrealisticallyinsteadofavoidingtheissues,JohnsoncanhelpmakethenextgenerationofAfrican-AmericanslesslikelytohaveHIVandAIDS."justtrytoberealwiththem,'hesays."Theyappreciatethat.'

26.Thephrase"diseasethatthepublicstillhadalottolearnabout"heremeansadisease

IA]wasalreadywell-knownthen

[B]wastoocomplicatedforpeople

[C]wasstilltoonewtobeunderstood

[D]killedtoomanyvictimsthen

27.Accordingtothepassage,thegroupwiththeHighestHIVrateis

IAIthewhiteAmericans

[BIAfrican-Americanmen

ICItheAmericanwomen

ID]theblackAmericanwomen

28.Thespeakerisnamed"Magic'Johnsonbecause

IAIhewasonceafamousbasketballcoach

[BIhewasahappysurvivoroftheunhappydisease

[C]hewasgivenchancetotalkofhisownexperience

[D]hewasaverypracticalandrealisticpersoninlife

29.Theword"combat"（Para.4）isclosestinmeaningto

[A]comeback[B]combine[C]fightagainst[D]avoid

30.WhatisthepurposeofJohnson'sspeechtour?

[A]Totakehimselfasanexampleinfightingthedisease.

[BIToraisetheawarenessofyoungAmericansagainstthedisease.

[C]ToprovideabettercurefortheblackAmericanHIVsufferers.

[DTotrysomenewmedicalsolutionsontheHIVandAIDSsufferer

Onceuponatimeallyouneededforacampingtripwasasleepingbag,acompassandsomecommonsense.Now,accordingtomylocalsportinggoodsretailer,alotmoreshouldbeadded.However,outdoortravelhasbecomesuchatrendthaturbanpeoplefindthemselveswithsomeupscaleretailerstoaddresstheireverydesire.

"Eco'and"adventure"arethelatestfashionablewordsindestinationtravel;t