商业计划书提纲写作中英文.docx

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商业计划书提纲写作中英文

BusinessPlanOutline-23PointChecklistForSuccess

DaveLavinsky,Contributor

Ifyou’relookingforfundingforaneworexistingbusiness,youneedabusinessplan.Yourbusinessplangiveslendersandinvestorstheinformationtheyneedtodeterminewhetherornottheyshouldconsideryourcompany.

Yourbusinessplanoutlineisthefirststepinorganizingyourthoughts.And,whenyoufollowtheoutlinebelow,youensureyourbusinessplanisintheformatthatpromptsinvestorsandlenderstotakeaction.

Inthebusinessplanoutlinebelow,youwillseetheten(10)sectionscommontobusinessplans,andthetwenty-three(23)sub-sectionsyoumustcomplete.

SectionI–ExecutiveSummary

1–ExecutiveSummary

TheExecutiveSummaryisthemostimportantpartofyourbusinessplan.Becauseifitdoesn’tinterestreaders,they’llneverevengettotherestofyourplan.

StartyourExecutiveSummarywithabriefandconciseexplanationofwhatyourcompanydoes.Next,explainwhyyourcompanyisuniquelyqualifiedtosucceed.Forexample,doesyourmanagementteamhaveuniquecompetencies?

Doyouhaveanypatents?

Areyouthefirstmoverinyourmarket?

Doesahuge,unmetmarketopportunityexist?

Etc.

Finally,includeasynopsisofyourfinancialprojectionsinyourExecutiveSummary.Specifically,includeyourexpectedrevenues,expensesandprofitsforeachofthenextfiveyears,howmuchfundingyouareseeking,andthekeyusesofthesefunds.

SectionII–CompanyOverview

2–CompanyOverview

TheCompanyOverviewsectionprovidesabriefhistoryofyourcompany.

Hereyouwillanswerquestionssuchaswhenandhowyourorganizationwasformed,whattypeoflegalentityyouare,andaccomplishmentstodate.

Importantly,yourpastaccomplishmentsareperhapsthebestindicatorofpotentialfuturesuccess,sobesuretoidentifyandincludeallkeymilestonesyourcompanyhasachievedtodate.

SectionIII–IndustryAnalysis

YourIndustryAnalysissectionhastwosub-sectionsasfollows:

3–MarketOverview

TheMarketOverviewsectiondiscussesthesizeandcharacteristicsofyourmarket.Forexample,ifyouarearestaurant,youwouldincludethesizeoftherestaurantmarket,abriefdiscussionofsectors(e.g.,fastfoodversusfinedining)andmarkettrends.

4–RelevantMarketSize

Therelevantmarketsizeisamuchmorespecificcalculationofyourmarketsize.Itistheannualrevenueyourcompanycouldattainifitattained100%marketshare.Yourrelevantmarketsizeiscalculatedbymultiplying1)thenumberofcustomerswhomightbeinterestedinpurchasingyourproductsand/orserviceseachyearand2)theamountthesecustomersmightbewillingtospend,onanannualbasis,onyourproductsand/orservices.

SectionIV–CustomerAnalysis

YourCustomerAnalysissectionhastwosub-sectionsasfollows:

5–TargetCustomers

YourTargetCustomerssectionpreciselyidentifiesyourcurrentand/orintendedcustomers.Includeasmuchdemographicdataonyourtargetcustomersaspossible,suchastheirgender,age,salary,geography,maritalstatusandeducation.

6–CustomerNeeds

Inthissectionofyourbusinessplan,specifywhycustomerswantorneedyourproductsand/orservices.Forexample,docustomerscaremostaboutspeed,quality,location,reliability,comfort,price,value,etc.?

SectionV–CompetitiveAnalysis

YourCompetitiveAnalysissectionhasthreesub-sectionsasfollows:

7–DirectCompetitors

Directcompetitorsarecompaniesthatfillthesamecustomerneedyoufillwiththesamesolution.Forexample,ifyouoperateanItalianrestaurant,otherItalianrestaurantswouldbedirectcompetitors.

Inthissectionofyourbusinessplan,outlinewhoyourdirectcompetitorsare,andtheirstrengthsandweaknesses.

8–IndirectCompetitors

Indirectcompetitorsarecompaniesthatfillthesamecustomerneedyoufillwithadifferentsolution.Forexample,ifyouoperateanItalianrestaurant,aFrenchrestaurantwouldbeanindirectcompetitor.

Inthissectionofyourbusinessplan,outlinewhoyourindirectcompetitorsare,andtheirstrengthsandweaknesses.

9–CompetitiveAdvantages

Importantly,identifyyourCompetitiveAdvantagesinthissection.Specifically,statewhatisitaboutyourcompanythatwillallowyoutoeffectivelycompete(andwin)againstbothdirectandindirectcompetitors.

SectionVI–MarketingPlan

YourMarketingPlansectionhasfoursub-sectionsasfollows:

10–Products&Services

Hereiswhereyougivethedetailsoftheproductsand/orservicesyourcompanyoffers.

11–Pricing

Detailyourpricinghere.Inparticular,discusshowyourpricingrelatestocompetition.Forexample,areyouthepremiumbrand?

Thelowcostbrand?

Discussyourexpectedbrandingbasedonyourchosenpricingmodel.

12–PromotionsPlan

Yourpromotionsplandetailsthetacticsyouwillusetoattractnewcustomers.Forexample,youmightchooseradioadvertising,oronlinepay-per-clickads,orpressreleases,andsoon.Inthissection,detaileachformofpromotionsyouwilluse.

13–DistributionPlan

YourDistributionPlanoutlinesthewaysinwhichcustomerscanbuyfromyou.Inmanycases,theycanonlybuydirectlyfromyou,perhapsatyourphysicallocationorwebaddress.Inothercases,youmighthavedistributorsorpartnerswhosellyourproductsorservices.Insuchacase,detailthisstructure.

SectionVII–OperationsPlan

YourOperationsPlansectionhastwosub-sectionsasfollows:

14–KeyOperationalProcesses

YourKeyOperationalProcessesarethedailyfunctionsyourbusinessmustconduct.Inthissection,youwilldetailthesefunctions.Forexample,willyoumaintainaCustomerServicedepartment?

Ifso,whatspecificrolewillitfill?

Bycompletingthissection,you’llgetgreatclarityontheorganizationyouhopetobuild.

15–Milestones

Inthissectionofyourbusinessplan,listthekeymilestonesyouhopetoachieveinthefutureandthetargetdatesforachievingthem.

Hereiswhereyousetgoalsforspecificandcriticalundertakings,suchaswhenanewproductwillbecreatedandlaunched,bywhenyouplantoexecutenewpartnerships,etc.

SectionVIII–ManagementTeam

YourManagementTeamsectionhasthreesub-sectionsasfollows:

16–ManagementTeamMembers

Thissectiondetailsthecurrentmembersofyourmanagementteamandtheirbackgrounds.

17–ManagementTeamGaps

Particularlyifyou’reastartupventure,youwillhaveholesinyourteam;rolesthatyou’dliketofilllater.Identifysuchroleshere,andthequalificationsofthepeopleyouwillseeklatertofillthem.

18–BoardMembers

IfyoumaintainaBoardofAdvisorsorBoardofDirectors,detailyourBoardmembersandtheirbiosinthissection.

SectionIX–FinancialPlan

YourFinancialPlansectionhasfoursub-sectionsasfollows:

19–RevenueModel

Assimpleasitseems,thissectionofyourbusinessplangivesclarityonhowyougeneraterevenues.Doyousellproducts?

Doyouselladvertisingspace?

Doyousellby-products,likedata?

Doyousellalloftheabove?

20- FinancialHighlights

Yourfullfinancialmodel(incomestatement,balancesheetandcashflowstatement)belonginyourAppendix,butinthissectionyou’llincludethehighlights.Forinstance,includeyourrevenues,keyexpenses,andprojectednetincomeforthenextfiveyears.

21–FundingRequirements/UseofFunds

Ifyouareseekingfundingforyourcompany,detailtheamounthere,andimportantlyforwhatyouwillusethefunds.

22–ExitStrategy

Particularlyifyouareseekingequityfunding,detailyourexpectedexitstrategy.Themostlikelyexitstrategyistosellyourcompanytoalargerfirm.Ifso,detailthetypesoffirmsthatmightbeinterestedinpurchasingyouandwhy.Listthespecificnamesofpotentialacquirersifapplicable.

SectionX–Appendix

23–SupportingDocumentation

Asmentionedabove,yourfullfinancialmodel(incomestatement,balancesheetandcashflowstatement)belonginyourappendix.

Likewise,includeanysupportingdocumentationthatwillhelpconvincereadersyourcompanywillsucceed.Forexample,includecustomerlists,awards,andpatentsreceivedamongothers.

Ihopethisbusinessplanoutlinehashelpedyouorganizeyourthoughtsandanswerthekeyquestionsneededtostartandgrowasuccessfulbusiness.Whiletwenty-threesectionsseemslikealot,ifyoucompletethemoneatatime,youcanmakeprogressandfinishyourentireplanquicklyandeffectively.

 

商业计划书提纲:

通向成功的23点清单(来源:

福布斯中文网)

如果你正在为一项全新的或已有的业务寻求融资,你就需要一份商业计划书。

商业计划书能够提供必需的信息,供出资人和投资人判断他们是否应考虑投资你的公司。

商业计划书提纲是你组织思路的第一步。

如果你按照下面的提纲来制作商业计划书,那么就确保了它从格式上起到促使投资人和出资人采取行动的作用。

在下面的商业计划书提纲中,你将看到商业计划书中常见的十个(10)章节,以及你必须完成的二十三个(23)子章节。

第I章:

执行摘要

1:

执行摘要

执行摘要是商业计划书最重要的部分,因为如果执行摘要不能引起读者的兴趣,他们甚至不会去看你计划书的其余内容。

在执行摘要的开头,简洁明了地解释你的公司开展的业务。

然后,介绍为什么你的公司能够取得成功,它具备哪些独一无二的特质。

例如,你的管理团队是否拥有出色的竞争力?

你是否拥有专利?

你是否是所在市场的先行者?

是否存在着尚未被满足的巨大市场机会?

等等。

最后,在执行摘要中需要提供财务预测概要。

具体而言,需要包括未来五年中,每一年的预期营业收入、成本支出和利润,以及你需要的资金数额和这些资金的关键用途。

第II章:

公司概述

2:

公司概述

公司概述这一章,简要介绍了你的公司的发展历程。

这一部分需要回答的问题,包括公司的成立时间和成立过程、公司的法人实体类型、以及目前为止取得的成就。

过去的成就非常重要,它可能是评估你公司成功潜力的最佳参考指标,所以一定要确保公司取得的所有关键里程碑都包括在这一部分中。

第III章:

行业分析

行业分析由如下两个子章节构成:

3:

市场概览

市场概览部分讨论公司所在市场的规模和特征。

例如,如果你的公司是一家餐厅,那么这部分就需要包括餐饮行业的市场规模,对细分市场(例如,快餐业vs正餐业)和市场发展趋势的简要讨论。

4:

相关市场规模

相关市场规模是对市场规模更加具体的计算,它的定义是:

如果你的公司取得100%的市场份额,每年能够获得的营业收入。

相关市场规模是两个数字的乘积:

1)每年可能会购买你的产品和/或服务的消费者数量,以及2)每一年,这些消费者愿意为你的产品和/或服务所支付的费用。

第IV章:

消费者分析

消费者分析包含如下两个子章节:

5:

目标消费者

目标消费者这一部分需要精准地定义公司当前和/或计划针对的目标消费者。

需要尽可能多地提供目标消费者的统计信息,例如性别、年龄、收入、地域分布、婚姻状况和教育情况。

6:

客户需求

在商业计划书的这一章,详细阐明消费者需要你的产品和/或服务的原因。

例如,消费者最看重的是速度?

质量?

位置?

可靠性?

舒适性?

价格?

价值?

诸如此类。

第V章:

竞争分析

竞争分析包含如下三个子章节:

7:

直接竞争者

所谓直接竞争者,是指采用与你的公司同样的解决方案,并满足同样的客户需求的公司。

例如,如果你经营一家意大利餐厅,那么其它意大利餐厅就是直接竞争者。

在商业计划书的这一章,介绍你的直接竞争者有哪些,以及他们的竞争优劣势。

8:

间接竞争者

间接竞争者虽然也满足同样的客户需求,但和你的公司采用不同的解决方案。

例如,如果你经营一家

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