It的六种经典用法你都清楚了吗.docx

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It的六种经典用法你都清楚了吗.docx

It的六种经典用法你都清楚了吗

'It'的六种经典用法,你都清楚了吗?

导语

'It'用法及其句型和固定搭配,是高中英语语法的重点、难点,又是近几年高考的热点,因此应给予充分的重视,现将it用法归纳如下:

 

1It用作实词

表达以下概念:

指代前文提到的事物,前文中的this,that;替代前文中的内容;指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事;指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象?

?

2It用作形式主语

替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。

It作形式主语的常见句型:

1.代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为

(1)Itbeadj.(forsb.)todosth.

此处adj.通常为描述事件的形容词:

easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,right,wrong,important,unimportant,legal,illegal,well-mannered,ill-mannered,polite,impolite,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,fit,useful,useless,dangerous…

例Itisillegal(forateenager)todriveacarwithoutalicense.

(2)Itbeadj.ofsb.todosth.

此处adj.通常为描述人的形容词:

kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy.

例It'skindofyoutohelpmewiththeproblem.

(3)It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型

It'snogood/usedoing…

It's(well)worthdoing…

It's(well)worthone'swhiledoing/todo…

It's(well)worthwhiledoing/todo

例It'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.

2.It替代作主语的从句常见句型

(1)Itisnoun从句

例Itisnosecretthatthepresidentwantstohaveasecondtermatoffice.

(2)Itisadj.clause

It'ssurprisingthat?

(should)?

?

?

竟然?

?

It'sapity/shamethat?

(should)?

?

?

竟然?

?

例It'simportantthatyoushouldapologizetoherforyourrudeness.(=It'sofmuchimportancethatyoushouldapologizetoherforyourrudeness.)

(3)Itverbsb.clause=Itisv-ingclause

Itsurprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze/

bother/concern/frighten/please/angersb.that…

例Itworriedmethatshedrovesofast.(=Itwasworryingthatshedrovesofast.)

(4)Itverb(tosb.)that…=sb/sthverbtodo

(verb=appear,seem,comeabout,emerge,follow,chance,happen,occur,transpire,turnout,workout)

例It(so)happened/chancedthattheywereout.(=Theyhappened/chancedtobeout.)

(5)Itisv-edthat…=sb/sthistodo

(verb=say,report,think,believe,hope,expect,agree,accept,decide,determine,intend,plan,understand,know)

例Itissaidthatthecouplehavegottendivorced.(=Thecouplearesaidtohavegottendivorced.)

(6)Itisv-edthat…(should)…

(verb=demand,request,require,order,suggest,advise,recommend例Itissuggestedthattheyshouldbeginwiththethirdquestion.

3It作主语的句型

1.Ittakessb.?

todo?

(=sbtakes?

todo?

)某人用多长时间做某事

例Ittookthemenaweektomendourroof.(=Thementookaweektomendourroof.)

2.It's(just)(un)likesb.todo?

(不)像某人做某事的风格

例Itwas(just)likehimtothinkofhelpingus.

3.It's(about/high)timethat?

should/v-ed?

是该做某事的时候了

例It's(about/high)timethatweshouldtakeaction.

4.It'sthex-thtime(that)?

havev-ed?

第几次做某事了

例It'sthethirdtimethathehasfailedthedrivingtest.

5.Itis/hasbeen?

since?

continuousv-ed(延续性动词)某动作已有多长时间不发生了

例It's10yearsthathelivedhere

6.Itwas(not)?

before?

过(不)了多长时间某动作发生了

例Itwasnotlongbeforetheyarrived.

4It作形式宾语

用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。

It作形式宾语的常见句型:

1.verbitadj./noun(for/of)todo/clause(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)

例Ithinkithardforyoutodothetaskonyourown./Ithinkithardthatyou'lldothetaskonyourown.

2.verbitadj./noun(one's)doing(adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=nouse/nogood/worthone'swhile/awasteoftime/money/energy/words)(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)

例I'llmakeitworthyourwhiletellingmeabouthissecret.

3.verbitimportant/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essentialthat…(should)…

verbitofmuch/great/no/littleimportancethat…(should)…

(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)

例Ithinkitimportantthatyou(should)attendtheconference.

4.verbitasnoun/adj.clause(verb=accept,regard,take,see,view)

例Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture.

5.v.itprep.that…

oweittosb.that?

把?

归功于?

leaveittosbthat?

把?

留给某人去做

takeitforgrantedthat?

想当然

keepitinmindthat…

例Don'tbothertoarrangeanything.Justleaveittometosortout.

6.It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面,尤其是表示好恶的动词后,enjoy,like,love,dislike,resent,hate,don'tmind,befondof,feellike,seeto宾语从句紧跟it之后

例IhateityoucanswimsowellandIcan't.

7.It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的介词后面,宾语从句紧跟it之后(exceptthat例外)

例I'mforitthatyouwillfollowtheiradvice.

5强调句型

Itis/was被强调部分that(who)?

强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。

当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。

在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点:

1.请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句

例Whenwasitthathechangedhismindtotakepartintheactivity?

2.在强调原因状语从句时,只能强调由because所引导的从句

例Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tcometoschoolyesterday.

3.在强调not?

until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上

例ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasmybrother.

4.注意强调句型与定语从句的区别

例Itwasat7o'clockthathecamehereyesterday.(强调句型)

Itwas7o'clockwhenhecamehereyesterday.(定语从句)

6It常用的固定搭配

1.makeit

(1).在口语当中相当于succeed,表示:

成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达例It'shardtomakeittothetopinshowbusiness.

(2).在口语中相当于fixthedatefor,表示“约定好时间”

例—Shallwemeetnextweek?

—OK.WejustmakeitnextSaturday.

2.asitis

(1).相当于infact,inreality表示“事实上,实际情况是?

?

例Wehadplanedtofinishthetasktoday,butasitisweprobablywon'tfinishituntilnextweek.

(2).相当于方式状语从句,表示“照原样”

例Leavethetableasitis.

3.asitwere相当于asonemightsay,thatistosay,表示“也就是说,可以说,换句话说”

例Heis,asitwere,amodernSherlockHolmes.

4.ifitweren'tfor?

/ifithadn'tbeenfor?

用来引导虚拟语气,相当于without,orbutfor,表示“如果不是?

?

,要不是?

?

例Ifitweren'tforTom,Iwouldn'tbealivetoday.

5.that'sit

(1).相当于That'sall.That'ssomuch.表示“至此为止,没有别的了”

例Youcanhaveonemoresweet,andthat'sit.

(2).相当于That'sright.表示“对啦”

例—Iguessthekeytotheproblemisthechoice“A”—That'sit.

6.catchit在口语中,相当于bepunished/scoldedfordoingsth.wrong.表示“因做错事而挨骂,受责备,受批评,受惩罚”

例We'llreallycatchitformourteacherifwe'relateforclassagain.

7.haveit

(1).相当于say,insist表示“说,主张,表明,硬说”

例Rumourhasitthattheyaregettingdivorced.

(2).相当于gettoknowsomething,表示“了解,知道,获悉”

例IhaditfromJohnthatshewasgoingabroad.

8.havewhatittakes在口语中,相当于bewellqualifiedfor,表示“具有成功的条件”

例Youcantakeitfrommethatyourdaughterhaswhatittakestobeastar.

9.soitseems/appears.

10.Keepatit!

(Don'tgiveup!

)相当于goon,表示“继续做,不放弃”

例Myteacheraskedmetokeepatit.

11.Goit!

(Goon!

)拼命干,莽撞

12.Nowyouhavedoneit!

(Youhavedonesth.wrong.)

13.Nowyou'llcatchit!

(You'llbepunished.)

14.Asithappened,?

在口语中,相当于it'sapitythat?

表示“真不凑巧,真遗憾”

例Asithappened,theywereout.

15.Asitturnedout,?

在口语中,相当于itwasfoundtobeintheend,表示“最后被证明是”

例Asitturnedout,hisstatementwasfalse.

16.Suchasitis(theyare)在口语中,相当于althoughitmaynotbeworthmuch,表示“虽然没有多大价值”

例Youcanborrowmyexamnotebook,suchasitis.

17.Takeit/thingseasy.相当于Don'tworryordon'thurry.用来劝告别人,表示“不要慌,别担心,存住气”

例Takeiteasy!

Hewilldoitwell.

18.Takeitfromme.在口语中,相当于believemewhatIsay.表示“请相信我的话,我敢担保”

例Youcantakeitfrommethathewillmakeitthistime.

19.Forwhatitisworth?

在口语中,相当于althoughI'mnotsureit'sofvalue,表示“不管其价值如何”

例HereisthearticleIpromiseyou,forwhatit'sworth.

20.Worthit在口语中,相当于useful,表示“有好处,值得做”

例Don'thesitateaboutit!

It'sworthit.

21.Believeitornot.表示“信不信由你”

例Believeitornot,TomisgettingmarriedtoMarynextSunday.

22.Takeitorleaveit.v.要么接受要么放弃

例Thatismylastoffer.Youcantakeitorleaveit.

23.Italldepends/thatalldepends在口语中,相当于ithasn'tbeendecidedyet,表示“那得看情况,还没有定下来”

例—Areyougoingtothecountrysideforholiday?

—It/Thatalldepends.

24.It'suptosb.在口语中,相当于it'sdecidedbysb.表示“由?

?

决定,由?

?

负责,取决于?

?

例—Shallwegooutfordinner?

—It'suptoyou.

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