高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题测试题 36.docx
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高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题测试题36
阅读理解-----B
America’spopulationwasboomingandspreadingwestintheearly1800’s.WestwardexpansioncamemostlyattheexpenseoftheIndianswhowereoftenforcedtomovefromtheirnativelands.
InthestateofGeorgia,thepopulationincreased600percentinthematterof40years.Asaresult,manyofitsnativetribes（部落）werepushedout.TheCherokeeIndians,ofwesternGeorgiahadmanagedtokeeptheirlanduntilgoldwasdiscoveredintheirterritoryin1828.In1830,however,presidentAndrewJacksonauthorized（批准）theIndianRemovalAct.TheCherokeesfoughtthelaw,anditwasoverturnedbychiefjusticeJohnMarshalltwoyearslater.
Justthreeyearslater,however,in1835,theTreatyofNewEchotawassigned.The"Treaty"wasnotauthorizedbytheCherokeeNation,butrather,asmallgroupofCherokeeradicalsledbyJohnRidge.Underthe"Treaty",theCherokeeweretoleaveGeorgiaandthegovernmentwouldcompensatethematapricedeterminedtobeabout5percentofthevalueoftheland.ThemajorityoftheCherokeeNationwouldneverhadagreedtothe"Treaty",buttheU.S.governmentratifieditanyway.JohnRidgewasthusseenasatraitorbytheCherokees-andwouldlaterpaywithhislife.TheGeorgiagovernmentthenstageda"landlottery"inwhichCherokeelandwasdividedinto160equalportions.Theyweresoldtoanyonewhohad$4.00andwhohadwonachancetoownland.
In1838,GeneralWinfieldScottand7,000troopsinvadedCherokeeland.Men,women,andchildrenwereforcedtowalkwestwardfromGeorgianearly1,000mileswithminimalfacilitiesandfood,toreservationssetupfortheminOklahoma.CherokeechiefJohnRoss,eventuallywasabletoconvinceWinfieldScottthathispeopleshouldleadthetribewest.ScottagreedandRossdividedthepeopleintosmallergroupssotheycouldforageforfoodontheirown.AlthoughRossmayhavesavecountlesslives,nearly4,000IndiansdiedwalkingthisTrailofTears.
1.Whichofthefollowinghappenedfirst?
A.Cherokees’walktoOklahoma.B.TheIndianRemovalAct.
C.TheTreatyofNewEchota.D.TheGeorgia“LandLottery”.
答案解析：
答案为B。
本题为细节题。
由文章第二段倒数第二句话“In1830,however,presidentAndrewJacksonauthorizedtheIndianRemovalAct.”可知，B选项发生在1830年；由第三段第一句话“Justthreeyearslater,however,in1835,theTreatyofNewEchotawassigned.”可知，C选项发生在1835年；由第三段倒数第二句话“TheGeorgiagovernmentthenstageda‘landlottery’inwhichCherokeelandwasdividedinto160equalportions.”可知，D选项发生在TreatyofNewEchota后;由最后一段前两句话“In1838,GeneralWinfieldScottand7,000troopsinvadedCherokeeland.…setupfortheminOklahoma.”可知，A选项发生在最后。
故答案为B。
2.Theunderlinedpart“ratifiedit”（inPara.3）canbereplacedby“”.
A.madeitofficialB.signeditsecretly
C.removeditD.ignoredit
答案解析：
答案为A。
本题为语义推断题。
结合该短语出现的句子“ThemajorityoftheCherokeeNationwouldneverhadagreedtothe‘Treaty’,buttheU.S.governmentratifieditanyway.”,“ratifiedit”出现在“but”后面，可见该短语和前面的neverhadagreedtothe“Treaty"意思相反，故答案为A，使条约正式化。
3.WhywasJohnRidgeviewedasatraitorbytheCherokees?
A.BecausehesoldhislandtotheU.S.Governmentatalowprice.
B.BecauseherepresentedtheU.S.Govermment.
C.BecausehesignedanunfairtreatyfortheCherokees.
D.Becausehecarriedouta“landlottery”inGeorgia.
答案解析：
答案为C。
本题为推理题。
细读第三段，TreatyofNewEchota被签署，但不是经过Cherokee民族批准的，而是由JohnRidge领导的一小群Cherokee极端分子干的，规定Cherokee民族离开Georgia，政府赔偿给他们原有土地的百分之五，大多数Cherokee人并不同意该条约，但是美国政府最终还是批准了该条约，因此JohnRidge被认为是Cherokee的民族叛徒。
故答案为C。
4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthekeyfactorforthe“TrailofTears”?
A.TheconflictbetweentheCherokeesandthelocalgovernment.
B.TheincreaseofpopulationinthestateofGeorgia.
C.TheconstantstruggleforlandbetweenthenativeAmericansandthesettlers.
D.ThediscoveryofgoldinwesternGerogia.
答案解析：
答案为D。
本题为推理题。
文章的最后提到“nearly4,000IndiansdiedwalkingthisTrailofTears”，为什么会发生此事？
本题实际考察现象背后的实质：
Cherokee印第安人为什么要移民？
由文章第二段“TheCherokeeIndians,ofwesternGeorgiahadmanagedtokeeptheirlanduntilgoldwasdiscoveredintheirterritoryin1828.”可知，westernGeorgia发现了金子后，白人就觊觎此片土地淘金，发生了后来的移民事件，留下了Cherokee印第安人的血和泪。
故答案为D。
PassageTwo（TheTouristTradeContributesAbsolutelyNothingtoIncreasingUnderstandingbetweenNations）
Thetouristtradeisbooming.Withallthiscomingandgoing,you’dexpectgreaterunderstandingtodevelopbetweenthenationsoftheworld.Notabitofit!
Superbsystemsofcommunicationbyair,seaandlandmakeitpossibleforustovisiteachother’scountriesatamoderatecost.Whatwasoncethe‘grandtour’,reservedforonlytheveryrich,isnowwithineverybody’sgrasp?
Thepackagetourandcharteredflightsarenottobesneeredat.Moderntravelersenjoyalevelofcomfortwhichthelordsandladiesongrandtoursintheolddayscouldn’thavedreamedof.Butwhat’sthesenseofthismassexchangeofpopulationsifthenationsoftheworldremainbasicallyignorantofeachother?
Manytouristorganizationsaredirectlyresponsibleforthisstateofaffairs.Theydeliberatelysetouttoprotecttheirclientsfromtoomuchcontactwiththelocalpopulation.Themoderntouristleadsacosseted,shelteredlife.Helivesatinternationalhotels,whereheeatshisinternationalfoodandsipshisinternationaldrinkwhilehegazesatthenativesfromadistance.Conductedtourstoplacesofinterestarecarefullycensored.Thetouristisallowedtoseeonlywhattheorganizerswanthimtoseeandnomore.Astrictschedulemakesitimpossibleforthetouristtowanderoffonhisown;andanyway,languageisalwaysabarrier,soheisonlytoohappytobeprotectedinthisway.Atitsveryworst,thisleadstoanewandhideouskindofcolonization.Thesummerquartersoftheinhabitantsoftheciteuniversitaire:
aretemporarilyreestablishedontheislandofCorfu.BlackpoolisrecreatedatTorremolinoswherethetravelergoesnottoeatpaella,butfishandchips.
Thesadthingaboutthissituationisthatitleadstothepersistenceofnationalstereotypes.Wedon’tseethepeopleofothernationsastheyreallyare,butaswehavebeenbroughtuptobelievetheyare.Youcantestthisforyourself.Takefivenationalities,say,French,German,English,AmericanandItalian.Nowinyourmind,matchthemwiththesefiveadjectives:
musical,amorous,cold,pedantic,native.Farfromprovidinguswithanyinsightintothenationalcharacteristicsofthepeoplesjustmentioned,theseadjectivesactuallyactasbarriers.Sowhenyousetoutonyourtravels,theonlycharacteristicsyounoticearethosewhichconfirmyourpreconceptions.Youcomeawaywiththehighlyunoriginalandinaccurateimpressionthat,say,‘Anglo-Saxonsarehypocrites’ofthat‘Latinpeoplesshoutalot’.Youonlyhavetomakeafewforeignfriendstounderstandhowabsurdandharmfulnationalstereotypesare.Buthowcanyoumakeforeignfriendswhenthetouristtradedoesitsbesttopreventyou?
Carriedtoanextreme,stereotypescanbepositivelydangerous.Wildgeneralizationsstirupracialhatredandblindustothebasicfact—howtriteitsounds!
–Thatallpeoplearehuman.Weareallsimilartoeachotherandatthesametimeallunique.
1.Thebesttitleforthispassageis
[A]tourismcontributesnothingtoincreasingunderstandingbetweennations.
Tourismistiresome.
[C]Conductedtourisdull.
[D]tourismreallydoessomethingtoone’scountry.
2.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtourism?
[A]apprehensive.
negative.
[C]critical.
[D]appreciative.
3.WhichwordinthefollowingisthebesttosummarizeLatinpeopleshoutalot?
[A]silent.
noisy.
[C]lively.
[D]active.
4.Thepurposeoftheauthor’scriticismistopointout
[A]conductedtourisdisappointing.
thewayoftouringshouldbechanged.
[C]whentraveling,younoticecharacteristicswhichconfirmpreconception.
[D]nationalstereotypesshouldbechanged.
5.Whatis‘grandtour’now?
[A]moderatecost.
localsight-seeingisinvestigatedbythetouristorganization.
[C]peopleenjoythefirst-ratecomforts.
[D]everybodycanenjoythe‘grandtour’.
Vocabulary
1.superb 卓越的，杰出的，第一流的
2.moderate 中庸的，中等的，适度的
3.grandtour 大旅行，指旧时英国富家子弟教育中，
到欧洲大陆观光的旅行，为学业必经阶段。
4.packagetour 由旅行社代办而费用与路线、
日程固定的假日旅游。
也可用packageholiday。
5.charteredflight 包机航班
6.setouttodosth.=beginajobwithaparticularaim开始做某事，
决心/打算做……
7.cosset 宠爱，溺爱，纵容
8.conductedtour=guidedtour 有人指导/引到下的参观，有导游的旅游
9.censor 检查
10.wanderoff 离开原处/正道，离群，漫步，漫游
11.quarters 住处，营
12.paella 西班牙什锦饭
13.chip 炸马铃薯条（土豆条）
14.amorous 多情的，色情的
15.pedantic 学究式的，卖弄学问的
16.generalization 归纳，概括
17.stirup 惹起，煽动，挑起
18.trite 陈腐的，老一套的
难句译注
1.Whatwasoncethe‘grandtour’,reservedforonlytheveryrich,isnowwithineverybody’sgrasp.
【结构简析】withinsb.’sgrasp.某人理解/了解，为某人所能抓到的。
【参考译文】一度只有最富有者专享的“大旅行”现在人人都可获得。
2.Thepackagetourandcharteredflightsarenottobesneeredat.
【参考译文】旅行社包办的旅游，包机航班决不会遭人耻笑。
3.Theydeliberatelysetouttoprotecttheirclientsfromtoomuchcontactwiththelocalpopulation.
【参考译文】旅行社有意使他们的谷底和当地居民少接触。
4.Themoderntouristheadsacossetedshelteredlife.
【参考译文】现代旅行者过的使爱护有加与世隔绝的生活。
5.Conductedtourstoplacesofinterestarecarefullycensored.
【参考译文】有人指导下参观一些静电收到组织者――旅行社仔细的检查核准。
6.Astrictschedulemakesitimpossibleforthetouristtowanderoffonhisown;andanyway,languageisalwaysbarrier,soheisonlytoohappytobeprotectedinthis
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