第1部分选修8Unit1Alandofdiversity.docx

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第1部分选修8Unit1Alandofdiversity.docx

第1部分选修8Unit1Alandofdiversity

话题晨背

社 会(Society)

(2017·郑州高三一模)假如你是李华,你的英国笔友Andrew不久前去美国留学,他给你写信说很不适应那里的生活。

请你根据以下提示用英语给他写一封回信,鼓励他勇敢面对。

1.尊重当地的风俗习惯;

2.与美国学生多交流;

3.积极参加户外活动;

4.注意与人交往时的礼仪。

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

DearAndrew,

Hownicetohearfromyouagain!

Ithinkitisnaturalforyounottogetusedtothelifethere.HereIhavesomesuggestionsforyou.

Firstofall,youshouldrespectthelocalcustomsthereandtrytoinvolveyourselfinthenatives’lives.Justasthesayinggoes,“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.”Secondly,don’tbeafraidtocommunicatewithAmericanstudentsandmakefriendswiththem.Friendshipwillbringyouhappiness.What’smore,itisbetterforyoutojoininmoreoutdooractivitieswithyourfriends,whichmayhelpyourelaxandhavefun.Finally,mindyourownmannersandremainmodestandhonestwhengettingalongwithyourfriends.

Idohopemysuggestionswillhelp.Mayyouadapttoyournewlifeandenjoyyourstaythere.

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

1.respectable(adj.)     令人尊敬的

2.achievement(n.)成就

3.volunteer(n.)志愿者

4.aggressive(adj.)有进取心的

5.determination(n.)决心

6.attractive(adj.)有魅力的

7.distinguished(adj.)杰出的

8.cooperate(v.)合作

9.virtue(n.)美德

10.responsibility(n.)责任

11.withastrongwill有坚强的意志

12.doresearchon对……做研究

13.bedeterminedtodosth.决心做某事

14.doagooddeed做好事

15.inneedof需要

16.share...with...与……分享……

17.setanexampleto为……树立榜样

18.bebeneficialto对……有好处

————————————————————————

1.Manyhandsmakelightwork.

众人拾柴火焰高。

2.Asadedicatedplayer,YaoMingsetsusagoodexample.

作为一名富有献身精神的运动员,姚明给我们树立了一个良好的榜样。

3.Withgreatdeterminationandperseverance,shecommitstohelpingtheblindanddeafchildren,whichmakesagreatcontributiontothecharity.

凭着无比的决心和毅力,她全身心帮助盲聋儿童,为慈善事业作出重大贡献。

1.hardshipn.苦难;困苦

2.percentagen.百分比;百分率

3.boomn.(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期

4.racialadj.人种的;种族的

5.crossingn.横渡;横越;十字路口;人行横道

6.customsn.海关;关税;进口税

7.luggagen.行李

8.slipvi.滑动;滑行;滑跤n.滑动;滑倒

9.nowhereadv.无处;到处都无

10.punishmentn.处罚;惩罚

11.justicen.正义;公平

12.mournvt.&vi.哀悼;悼念;表示悲痛

13.civiladj.公民的;国内的;民间的

14.authorityn.权威;权力(pl.)当局;官方

15.reformvt.&vi.改革;革新n.改革;改造;改良

16.graspvt.&n.抓住;抓紧;掌握;领会

17.thankfuladj.感激的;感谢的

18.insertvt.插入;嵌入

1.meansn.手段;方法

2.occurvi.发生;出现

3.hirevt.&n.租用;雇用

4.majorityn.大多数;大半→majoradj.主要的;重要的vi.主修,专攻

5.electvt.选择;决定做某事;选举某人→electionn.选举

6.distinctadj.清晰的;明显的;明确的→distinctionn.差别;区分;卓著

7.applicantn.申请人→applyvi.申请→applicationn.申请书;申请

8.apparentadj.显而易见的;显然的;表面上的→apparentlyadv.显然地;显而易见地

9.indicatevt.指出;标示;表明;暗示→indicationn.迹象→indicatorn.指示器;指示信号

10.fascinatev.吸引;使着迷→fascinatingadj.迷人的;吸引人的

——用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Apparently,_shetooknonoticeoftheapparentmistakesintheaccident.(apparent)

2.AlltheapplicantscanapplyinpersonorbyletterandatthesametimeshouldhandintheirapplicationsbeforeMay6th.(apply)

3.HeindicatedthatanindicatorshouldgivemesomeindicationsofhowIdidinthetest.(indicate)

4.OneofthemajorproblemsisthatamajorityofthegraduateswhomajorinEnglishfinditdifficulttofindagoodjob.(majority)

5.Hewontheelectionandwaselectedpresidentofthecountry.(elect)

1.live_on      继续存在;继续生存

2.by_means_of...用……办法;借助……

3.make_a_life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等

4.keep_up坚持;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)

5.back_to_back背靠背

6.team_up_with与……合作或一起工作

7.mark_out用线画出范围;标出……界线

8.take_in包括;吸收

9.a_great/good_many许多;很多

10.apply_for申请;请示得到

——选用上面的短语填空

1.InsomeruralplacesofChina,somepeoplestillpreferkeeping_uptheirtraditionallifestyle.

2.—HowdidyoumakesuchrapidprogressinyourEnglish?

Doyouhaveanysecrets?

—No.Onlyby_means_ofhardworking.

3.Mr.Brownsentanemailtothemanager,applying_forajobinthecompany.

4.Somestudentsfoundithardtotake_inwhattheirteacherhadtaught,sotheyaskedhimtoexplainitagain.

5.Whileyouarereadinganarticle,you’dbettermark_outthekeywordsandtopicsentences.

1.Itislikelythat...很可能……

However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.

2.why引导的表语从句,表示“……的原因”

Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.

3.Itisbelievedthat...人们认为/相信……

Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.

——句式仿写

1.很有可能有一些像地球一样的星球,在那里可能也存在生命。

It_is_quite_likely_thattherearesomeplanetsliketheearth,onwhichtheremightalsobelife.

2.他迷恋电脑游戏,那就是他为什么必须辍学的原因。

Heisaddictedtocomputergames;that’s_why_he_has_to_drop_out_of_school.

3.人们普遍认为书的影响是如此之大,以至于我们的父母总是鼓励我们养成良好的阅读习惯,阅读更多的书籍。

It_is_commonly_believed_thattheinfluenceofbooksissogreatthatourparentsalwaysencourageustoformgoodhabitsofreadingandtoreadmorebooks.

名词性从句

1.Youbegintorealizethatyourboy,inyourfootsteps,couldprobablyaccomplishwhatyouhopedfor.

2.(2017·安徽铜陵五中月考)Nowmyhometownisnotatallwhatatravelerwhovisitedittenyearsagocanexpect.

3.(2016·北京高考单项填空)Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisthatonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.

4.Whoeverleadsalifefullofloveisricheventhoughhedoesn’thavemuchmoney.

5.(2017·安徽安庆一中、安师大附中联考)TherehavebeenfrequenttrafficaccidentsinChinarecently,andthatiswherepeopleareconcerned.

1

means n.手段;方法

[佳句背诵] MillionsofChineserelyonbicyclesastheirimportantmeansoftransportation.

自行车是数百万中国人赖以出行的重要交通工具。

(朗文辞典)

bythismeans  用这种方法

bymeansof通过;用;借助于

bynomeans决不;一点也不(放在句首时,句子用部分倒装)

byallmeans(用于交际英语表示同意)当然可以;没问题;务必 

 means用作“方式;方法”时单复数同形。

——单句语法填空

①Shecouldnotspeak,butmadeherwishesknown____________meansofsigns.

答案:

by

②—MayIhavealookatyournewpen,Tom?

—By____________means.It’sgreattoshare.

答案:

all

③Everypossiblemeans____________(try),butwefindonlybythismeansisitpossibletopersuadehim.

→Allpossiblemeans____________(try),butwefindonlybythismeansisitpossibletopersuadehim. 

答案:

hasbeentried havebeentried

——句式升级

④Punishmentisbynomeansawisechoicetohelpchildrengrowupmentallyandphysically.

→________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

(用倒装句改写句子)

答案:

Bynomeansispunishmentawisechoicetohelpchildrengrowupmentallyandphysically.

2

majority n.大多数;大半

[佳句背诵] Withthepricesgoingup,themajorityofpeoplefindithardtoliveontheamountofmoneytheyget. 随着物价的上涨,大多数人发现靠他们挣得钱很难维持生活。

(1)a/themajorityof...  大多数……

(be)inthe/amajority构成大部分/大多数

(2)majorn.&v.专攻;主修

adj.较大的;主要的

(3)minorityn.少数 

(1)the/amajorityof+名词,表示“大多数”,谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致;

(2)themajority单独作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可。

——单句语法填空

①Onlya____________(minor)ofpeopleinthatcitydonothaveacarwhilethepeopletakingsubwaytoworkare____________the/amajority.

答案:

minority in

②(陕西高考)Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembers____________(be)againstit.

答案:

are

③Whatsubjectdidyou____________(majority)inwhenyouwereinuniversity?

答案:

major

④(2016·天津高考)Themajority____________themtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogramme.

答案:

of

——句式升级

⑤Themajorityofthefarmerswereinfluencedbynaturaldisastersinthesummerof2016,buttheystilltookapositiveattitudeto/towardstheirlife.

→________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

(用省略句改写句子)

答案:

Thoughinfluencedbynaturaldisastersinthesummerof2016,themajorityofthefarmersstilltookapositiveattitudeto/towardstheirlife.

3

occur vi.发生;出现

[佳句背诵] Yearsago,acriticaleventoccurredinmylifethatwouldchangeitforever.

多年前,我的生活中发生了一个会永远地改变我人生的关键事件。

(2016·江苏高考)

sth.occurstosb.    某事浮现在某人的脑海中;某人想到……

Itoccurstosb.that...某人突然想起……

Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人突然想起做某事。

 

 表示“某人突然想到……”句式小结:

(1)Itstrikes/hitssb.that...;

(2)sth.strike(s)/hit(s)sb.that;

(3)sth.come(s)tosb.

——单句语法填空

①Iwasgoingalongthestreetlookingforaplacetoparkwhenanaccident____________(occur).

答案:

occurred

②Itneveroccurredtoher____________(ask)anyoneforhelpwhenshewasintrouble.

答案:

toask

③____________neveroccurredtomethatheshouldhavefailedinthetest.

答案:

It

——一句多译

他忽然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。

④____________________hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(occur)

答案:

Itoccurredtohimthat

⑤____________________hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(hit)

答案:

Ithithimthat

⑥____________________hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(strike)

答案:

Itstruckhimthat

4

takein 包括;吸收;理解;欺骗;收留

[佳句背诵] Themorefatyoutakeinbeforebedtime,thegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourbodyatnight.

睡觉前你吃的脂肪越多,夜间你身体的负担就越重。

(2016·四川高考)

takeoff    起飞;(事业)成功;脱下;请假

takeon呈现;雇用;承担

takeover接收,接管

takeup占据;开始从事 

——写出下列句中takein的含义

①ItwasseveralminutesbeforeItookinwhathewassaying.________________

答案:

理解

②(朗文辞典)Don’tbetakeninbyproductsclaimingtohelptoloseweightinaweek.________________

答案:

欺骗

③(2015·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheatslowlyduringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.________________

答案:

吸收;摄入

④Herlecturetookinalltherecentdevelopmentsinthesubject.________________

答案:

包括;包含

——单句语法填空

⑤Therewillbemanychallengesahead,butIhaveconfidencethatI’lltake____________theburden.

答案:

on

⑥IfIhadmoretime,Iwoul

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