第1部分选修8Unit1Alandofdiversity.docx
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第1部分选修8Unit1Alandofdiversity
话题晨背
社 会(Society)
(2017·郑州高三一模)假如你是李华,你的英国笔友Andrew不久前去美国留学,他给你写信说很不适应那里的生活。
请你根据以下提示用英语给他写一封回信,鼓励他勇敢面对。
1.尊重当地的风俗习惯;
2.与美国学生多交流;
3.积极参加户外活动;
4.注意与人交往时的礼仪。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
DearAndrew,
Hownicetohearfromyouagain!
Ithinkitisnaturalforyounottogetusedtothelifethere.HereIhavesomesuggestionsforyou.
Firstofall,youshouldrespectthelocalcustomsthereandtrytoinvolveyourselfinthenatives’lives.Justasthesayinggoes,“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.”Secondly,don’tbeafraidtocommunicatewithAmericanstudentsandmakefriendswiththem.Friendshipwillbringyouhappiness.What’smore,itisbetterforyoutojoininmoreoutdooractivitieswithyourfriends,whichmayhelpyourelaxandhavefun.Finally,mindyourownmannersandremainmodestandhonestwhengettingalongwithyourfriends.
Idohopemysuggestionswillhelp.Mayyouadapttoyournewlifeandenjoyyourstaythere.
Yourssincerely,
LiHua
1.respectable(adj.) 令人尊敬的
2.achievement(n.)成就
3.volunteer(n.)志愿者
4.aggressive(adj.)有进取心的
5.determination(n.)决心
6.attractive(adj.)有魅力的
7.distinguished(adj.)杰出的
8.cooperate(v.)合作
9.virtue(n.)美德
10.responsibility(n.)责任
11.withastrongwill有坚强的意志
12.doresearchon对……做研究
13.bedeterminedtodosth.决心做某事
14.doagooddeed做好事
15.inneedof需要
16.share...with...与……分享……
17.setanexampleto为……树立榜样
18.bebeneficialto对……有好处
————————————————————————
1.Manyhandsmakelightwork.
众人拾柴火焰高。
2.Asadedicatedplayer,YaoMingsetsusagoodexample.
作为一名富有献身精神的运动员,姚明给我们树立了一个良好的榜样。
3.Withgreatdeterminationandperseverance,shecommitstohelpingtheblindanddeafchildren,whichmakesagreatcontributiontothecharity.
凭着无比的决心和毅力,她全身心帮助盲聋儿童,为慈善事业作出重大贡献。
1.hardshipn.苦难;困苦
2.percentagen.百分比;百分率
3.boomn.(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期
4.racialadj.人种的;种族的
5.crossingn.横渡;横越;十字路口;人行横道
6.customsn.海关;关税;进口税
7.luggagen.行李
8.slipvi.滑动;滑行;滑跤n.滑动;滑倒
9.nowhereadv.无处;到处都无
10.punishmentn.处罚;惩罚
11.justicen.正义;公平
12.mournvt.&vi.哀悼;悼念;表示悲痛
13.civiladj.公民的;国内的;民间的
14.authorityn.权威;权力(pl.)当局;官方
15.reformvt.&vi.改革;革新n.改革;改造;改良
16.graspvt.&n.抓住;抓紧;掌握;领会
17.thankfuladj.感激的;感谢的
18.insertvt.插入;嵌入
1.meansn.手段;方法
2.occurvi.发生;出现
3.hirevt.&n.租用;雇用
4.majorityn.大多数;大半→majoradj.主要的;重要的vi.主修,专攻
5.electvt.选择;决定做某事;选举某人→electionn.选举
6.distinctadj.清晰的;明显的;明确的→distinctionn.差别;区分;卓著
7.applicantn.申请人→applyvi.申请→applicationn.申请书;申请
8.apparentadj.显而易见的;显然的;表面上的→apparentlyadv.显然地;显而易见地
9.indicatevt.指出;标示;表明;暗示→indicationn.迹象→indicatorn.指示器;指示信号
10.fascinatev.吸引;使着迷→fascinatingadj.迷人的;吸引人的
——用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Apparently,_shetooknonoticeoftheapparentmistakesintheaccident.(apparent)
2.AlltheapplicantscanapplyinpersonorbyletterandatthesametimeshouldhandintheirapplicationsbeforeMay6th.(apply)
3.HeindicatedthatanindicatorshouldgivemesomeindicationsofhowIdidinthetest.(indicate)
4.OneofthemajorproblemsisthatamajorityofthegraduateswhomajorinEnglishfinditdifficulttofindagoodjob.(majority)
5.Hewontheelectionandwaselectedpresidentofthecountry.(elect)
1.live_on 继续存在;继续生存
2.by_means_of...用……办法;借助……
3.make_a_life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等
4.keep_up坚持;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)
5.back_to_back背靠背
6.team_up_with与……合作或一起工作
7.mark_out用线画出范围;标出……界线
8.take_in包括;吸收
9.a_great/good_many许多;很多
10.apply_for申请;请示得到
——选用上面的短语填空
1.InsomeruralplacesofChina,somepeoplestillpreferkeeping_uptheirtraditionallifestyle.
2.—HowdidyoumakesuchrapidprogressinyourEnglish?
Doyouhaveanysecrets?
—No.Onlyby_means_ofhardworking.
3.Mr.Brownsentanemailtothemanager,applying_forajobinthecompany.
4.Somestudentsfoundithardtotake_inwhattheirteacherhadtaught,sotheyaskedhimtoexplainitagain.
5.Whileyouarereadinganarticle,you’dbettermark_outthekeywordsandtopicsentences.
1.Itislikelythat...很可能……
However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.
2.why引导的表语从句,表示“……的原因”
Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.
3.Itisbelievedthat...人们认为/相信……
Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.
——句式仿写
1.很有可能有一些像地球一样的星球,在那里可能也存在生命。
It_is_quite_likely_thattherearesomeplanetsliketheearth,onwhichtheremightalsobelife.
2.他迷恋电脑游戏,那就是他为什么必须辍学的原因。
Heisaddictedtocomputergames;that’s_why_he_has_to_drop_out_of_school.
3.人们普遍认为书的影响是如此之大,以至于我们的父母总是鼓励我们养成良好的阅读习惯,阅读更多的书籍。
It_is_commonly_believed_thattheinfluenceofbooksissogreatthatourparentsalwaysencourageustoformgoodhabitsofreadingandtoreadmorebooks.
名词性从句
1.Youbegintorealizethatyourboy,inyourfootsteps,couldprobablyaccomplishwhatyouhopedfor.
2.(2017·安徽铜陵五中月考)Nowmyhometownisnotatallwhatatravelerwhovisitedittenyearsagocanexpect.
3.(2016·北京高考单项填空)Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisthatonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.
4.Whoeverleadsalifefullofloveisricheventhoughhedoesn’thavemuchmoney.
5.(2017·安徽安庆一中、安师大附中联考)TherehavebeenfrequenttrafficaccidentsinChinarecently,andthatiswherepeopleareconcerned.
1
means n.手段;方法
[佳句背诵] MillionsofChineserelyonbicyclesastheirimportantmeansoftransportation.
自行车是数百万中国人赖以出行的重要交通工具。
(朗文辞典)
bythismeans 用这种方法
bymeansof通过;用;借助于
bynomeans决不;一点也不(放在句首时,句子用部分倒装)
byallmeans(用于交际英语表示同意)当然可以;没问题;务必
means用作“方式;方法”时单复数同形。
——单句语法填空
①Shecouldnotspeak,butmadeherwishesknown____________meansofsigns.
答案:
by
②—MayIhavealookatyournewpen,Tom?
—By____________means.It’sgreattoshare.
答案:
all
③Everypossiblemeans____________(try),butwefindonlybythismeansisitpossibletopersuadehim.
→Allpossiblemeans____________(try),butwefindonlybythismeansisitpossibletopersuadehim.
答案:
hasbeentried havebeentried
——句式升级
④Punishmentisbynomeansawisechoicetohelpchildrengrowupmentallyandphysically.
→________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(用倒装句改写句子)
答案:
Bynomeansispunishmentawisechoicetohelpchildrengrowupmentallyandphysically.
2
majority n.大多数;大半
[佳句背诵] Withthepricesgoingup,themajorityofpeoplefindithardtoliveontheamountofmoneytheyget. 随着物价的上涨,大多数人发现靠他们挣得钱很难维持生活。
(1)a/themajorityof... 大多数……
(be)inthe/amajority构成大部分/大多数
(2)majorn.&v.专攻;主修
adj.较大的;主要的
(3)minorityn.少数
(1)the/amajorityof+名词,表示“大多数”,谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致;
(2)themajority单独作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可。
——单句语法填空
①Onlya____________(minor)ofpeopleinthatcitydonothaveacarwhilethepeopletakingsubwaytoworkare____________the/amajority.
答案:
minority in
②(陕西高考)Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembers____________(be)againstit.
答案:
are
③Whatsubjectdidyou____________(majority)inwhenyouwereinuniversity?
答案:
major
④(2016·天津高考)Themajority____________themtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogramme.
答案:
of
——句式升级
⑤Themajorityofthefarmerswereinfluencedbynaturaldisastersinthesummerof2016,buttheystilltookapositiveattitudeto/towardstheirlife.
→________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(用省略句改写句子)
答案:
Thoughinfluencedbynaturaldisastersinthesummerof2016,themajorityofthefarmersstilltookapositiveattitudeto/towardstheirlife.
3
occur vi.发生;出现
[佳句背诵] Yearsago,acriticaleventoccurredinmylifethatwouldchangeitforever.
多年前,我的生活中发生了一个会永远地改变我人生的关键事件。
(2016·江苏高考)
sth.occurstosb. 某事浮现在某人的脑海中;某人想到……
Itoccurstosb.that...某人突然想起……
Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人突然想起做某事。
表示“某人突然想到……”句式小结:
(1)Itstrikes/hitssb.that...;
(2)sth.strike(s)/hit(s)sb.that;
(3)sth.come(s)tosb.
——单句语法填空
①Iwasgoingalongthestreetlookingforaplacetoparkwhenanaccident____________(occur).
答案:
occurred
②Itneveroccurredtoher____________(ask)anyoneforhelpwhenshewasintrouble.
答案:
toask
③____________neveroccurredtomethatheshouldhavefailedinthetest.
答案:
It
——一句多译
他忽然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。
④____________________hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(occur)
答案:
Itoccurredtohimthat
⑤____________________hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(hit)
答案:
Ithithimthat
⑥____________________hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(strike)
答案:
Itstruckhimthat
4
takein 包括;吸收;理解;欺骗;收留
[佳句背诵] Themorefatyoutakeinbeforebedtime,thegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourbodyatnight.
睡觉前你吃的脂肪越多,夜间你身体的负担就越重。
(2016·四川高考)
takeoff 起飞;(事业)成功;脱下;请假
takeon呈现;雇用;承担
takeover接收,接管
takeup占据;开始从事
——写出下列句中takein的含义
①ItwasseveralminutesbeforeItookinwhathewassaying.________________
答案:
理解
②(朗文辞典)Don’tbetakeninbyproductsclaimingtohelptoloseweightinaweek.________________
答案:
欺骗
③(2015·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheatslowlyduringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.________________
答案:
吸收;摄入
④Herlecturetookinalltherecentdevelopmentsinthesubject.________________
答案:
包括;包含
——单句语法填空
⑤Therewillbemanychallengesahead,butIhaveconfidencethatI’lltake____________theburden.
答案:
on
⑥IfIhadmoretime,Iwoul